{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T12:37:59Z","timestamp":1790685479085,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jgisurgery.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]],"date-time":"2021-02-09T14:12:01Z","timestamp":1612879921000},"page":"871-879","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Gastric Bypass Increases Circulating Bile Acids and Activates Hepatic Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) but Requires Intact Peroxisome Proliferator Activator Receptor Alpha (PPAR\u03b1) Signaling to Significantly Reduce Liver Fat Content"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Guilherme S.","family":"Mazzini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jad","family":"Khoraki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew G.","family":"Browning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jilin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiping","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elvin T.","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luke G.","family":"Wolfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin J.","family":"Mangino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7384-8705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guilherme M.","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2446-4","article-title":"Impact of current treatments on liver disease, glucose metabolism and cardiovascular risk in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials","volume":"55","author":"Musso","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29367","article-title":"The diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: practice guidance from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases","volume":"67","author":"Chalasani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatology."},{"key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lassailly G, Caiazzo R, Buob D, Pigeyre M, Verkindt H, Labreuche J, et al. Bariatric surgery reduces features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in morbidly obese patients. Gastroenterology. 2015;149(2):379-88; quiz e15-6.","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.04.014"},{"key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee Y, Doumouras AG, Yu J, Brar K, Banfield L, Gmora S, et al. Complete resolution of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease after bariatric surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;17(6):1040-60.e11.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.10.017"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-018-3938-z","article-title":"Concomitant PPARalpha and FXR activation as a putative mechanism of NASH improvement after gastric bypass surgery: a GEO datasets analysis","volume":"23","author":"Mazzini","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1600869","article-title":"Bariatric surgery versus intensive medical therapy for diabetes - 5-year outcomes","volume":"376","author":"Schauer","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12012","article-title":"Review of the key results from the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) trial - a prospective controlled intervention study of bariatric surgery","volume":"273","author":"Sjostrom","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Intern Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2011.02.036","article-title":"Impact of body composition, fat distribution and sustained weight loss on cardiac function in obesity","volume":"159","author":"Kardassis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1306428","article-title":"The impact of bariatric surgery on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"32","author":"Rabl","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis."},{"key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chavez-Talavera O, Tailleux A, Lefebvre P, Staels B. Bile acid control of metabolism and inflammation in obesity, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology. 2017;152(7):1679-94.e3.","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.01.055"},{"key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Browning MG, Pessoa BM, Khoraki J, Campos GM. Changes in bile acid metabolism, transport, and signaling as central drivers for metabolic improvements after bariatric surgery. Current obesity reports. 2019;8(2).","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-019-00334-4"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E660","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20522","article-title":"Bile acids and gut peptide secretion after bariatric surgery: a 1-year prospective randomized pilot trial","volume":"21","author":"Steinert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2492","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-016-2272-3","article-title":"The contributing role of bile acids to metabolic improvements after obesity and metabolic surgery","volume":"26","author":"Fouladi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obes Surg."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E578","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00093.2009","article-title":"The Randle cycle revisited: a new head for an old hat","volume":"297","author":"Hue","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501739","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/501739","article-title":"Regulation of bile acid and cholesterol metabolism by PPARs","volume":"2009","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"PPAR Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2002-0120","article-title":"Bile acids induce the expression of the human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha gene via activation of the farnesoid X receptor","volume":"17","author":"Pineda Torra","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-018-0386-3","article-title":"Concurrent miR-21 suppression and FXR activation as a mechanism of improvement in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"9","author":"Mazzini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C S, C S, M V, P R, MR B, S B, et al. Palmitoylethanolamide controls reactive gliosis and exerts neuroprotective functions in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Cell death & disease. 2014;5(9).","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2014.376"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2015.027","article-title":"Surgical models of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery and sleeve gastrectomy in rats and mice","volume":"10","author":"Bruinsma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Protoc."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-019-0181-8","article-title":"Bile acids targeted metabolomics and medication classification data in the ADNI1 and ADNIGO\/2 cohorts","volume":"6","author":"St John-Williams","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scientific data."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)64849-5","article-title":"A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues","volume":"226","author":"Folch","year":"1957","journal-title":"The Journal of biological chemistry."},{"key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2016.12.019","article-title":"The role and regulation of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha in human liver","volume":"136","author":"Kersten","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochimie."},{"key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B S, JC F. Therapeutic roles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists. Diabetes. 2005;54(8).","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.8.2460"},{"key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107434","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/107434","article-title":"Misregulation of PPAR functioning and its pathogenic consequences associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in human obesity","volume":"2012","author":"Videla","year":"2012","journal-title":"PPAR Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.02.019","article-title":"PPARalpha gene expression correlates with severity and histological treatment response in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"63","author":"Francque","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lefebvre P, Lalloyer F, Bauge E, Pawlak M, Gheeraert C, Dehondt H, et al. Interspecies NASH disease activity whole-genome profiling identifies a fibrogenic role of PPARalpha-regulated dermatopontin. JCI Insight. 2017;2(13).","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.92264"},{"issue":"Database issue","key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0140","first-page":"D991","article-title":"NCBI GEO: archive for functional genomics data sets--update","volume":"41","author":"Barrett","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2017.06.005","article-title":"Bile acid physiology as the potential driver for the sustained metabolic improvements with bariatric surgery","volume":"13","author":"Browning","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surg Obes Relat Dis."},{"key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Risstad H, Kristinsson JA, Fagerland MW, le Roux CW, Birkeland KI, Gulseth HL, et al. Bile acid profiles over 5 years after gastric bypass and duodenal switch: results from a randomized clinical trial. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2017.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2017.05.024"},{"issue":"7499","key":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13135","article-title":"FXR is a molecular target for the effects of vertical sleeve gastrectomy","volume":"509","author":"Ryan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature."}],"container-title":["Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1091255X23010533?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1091255X23010533?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T20:02:01Z","timestamp":1761076921000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1091255X23010533"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1091255X23010533"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1091-255X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1091-255X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Gastric Bypass Increases Circulating Bile Acids and Activates Hepatic Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) but Requires Intact Peroxisome Proliferator Activator Receptor Alpha (PPAR\u03b1) Signaling to Significantly Reduce Liver Fat Content","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11605-021-04908-3","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2021 Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract. Published by ELSEVIER INC. All rights reserved. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}