{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:40:07Z","timestamp":1790811607383,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]],"date-time":"2020-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604361600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]],"date-time":"2020-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004439","name":"William and Flora Hewlett Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#2010-5442"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2010-5442"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004439","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J GEN INTERN MED"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-020-06334-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]],"date-time":"2020-11-04T00:05:03Z","timestamp":1604448303000},"page":"1883-1889","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Delayed Visits for Contraception Due to Concerns Regarding Pelvic Examination Among Women with History of Intimate Partner Violence"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6833-8372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hunter K.","family":"Holt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George F.","family":"Sawaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison M.","family":"El Ayadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jillian T.","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corinne H.","family":"Rocca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolyn L.","family":"Westhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia C.","family":"Harper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"17","key":"6334_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2232","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.17.2232","volume":"285","author":"FH Stewart","year":"2001","unstructured":"Stewart FH, Harper CC, Ellertson CE, Grimes DA, Sawaya GF, Trussell J. Clinical Breast and Pelvic Examination Requirements for Hormonal Contraception. JAMA. 2001;285(17):2232.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"6334_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Committee opinion no. 615: Access to contraception. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;125(1):250-255.","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000459866.14114.33"},{"key":"6334_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Committee opinion No. 534: well-woman visit. Obstet Gynecol. 2012;120(2 Pt 1):421-424.","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3182680517"},{"issue":"1","key":"6334_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-0701","volume":"161","author":"A Qaseem","year":"2014","unstructured":"Qaseem A, Humphrey LL, Harris R, Starkey M, Denberg TD. Screening Pelvic Examination in Adult Women: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2014;161(1):67.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"6334_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr6504a1","volume":"65","author":"KM Curtis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Curtis KM, Jatlaoui TC, Tepper NK, et al. U.S. Selected Practice Recommendations for Contraceptive Use, 2016. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2016;65(4):1-66.","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"6334_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181fb540f","volume":"116","author":"JT Henderson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Henderson JT, Sawaya GF, Blum M, Stratton L, Harper CC. Pelvic Examinations and Access to Oral Hormonal Contraception. Obstet Gynecol 2010;116(6):1257-1264.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"6334_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2014.06.038","volume":"90","author":"JM Yu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yu JM, Henderson JT, Harper CC, Sawaya GF. Obstetrician-gynecologists\u2019 beliefs on the importance of pelvic examinations in assessing hormonal contraception eligibility. Contraception. 2014;90(6):612-614.","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"6334_CR8","unstructured":"Smith SG, Zhang X, Basile, KC, Merrick MT, Wang J, Kresnow M, Chen. The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey:2015 Data Brief \u2013 Updated Release. Atlanta: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2018."},{"issue":"10","key":"6334_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2013.301371","volume":"103","author":"JE Allsworth","year":"2013","unstructured":"Allsworth JE, Secura GM, Zhao Q, Madden T, Peipert JF. The Impact of Emotional, Physical, and Sexual Abuse on Contraceptive Method Selection and Discontinuation. Am J Public Health. 2013;103(10):1857-1864.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"6334_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0118234","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118234","volume":"10","author":"L Maxwell","year":"2015","unstructured":"Maxwell L, Devries K, Zionts D, Alhusen JL, Campbell J. Estimating the Effect of Intimate Partner Violence on Women\u2019s Use of Contraception: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS ONE. 2015;10(2):e0118234.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"8","key":"6334_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2016.6246","volume":"27","author":"Y Kusunoki","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kusunoki Y, Barber JS, Gatny HH, Melendez R. Physical Intimate Partner Violence and Contraceptive Behaviors Among Young Women. J Women's Health. 2018;27(8):1016-1025.","journal-title":"J Women's Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"6334_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2010.02.009","volume":"70","author":"AM Moore","year":"2010","unstructured":"Moore AM, Frohwirth L, Miller E. Male reproductive control of women who have experienced intimate partner violence in the United States. Soc Sci Med. 2010;70(11):1737-1744.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"6334_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260511423240","volume":"27","author":"H Swan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Swan H, O\u2019Connell DJ. The Impact of Intimate Partner Violence on Women\u2019s Condom Negotiation Efficacy. J Interpersonal Violence. 2012;27(4):775-792.","journal-title":"J Interpersonal Violence"},{"issue":"6","key":"6334_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31818e4678","volume":"112","author":"JC Weitlauf","year":"2008","unstructured":"Weitlauf JC, Finney JW, Ruzek JI, et al. Distress and pain during pelvic examinations: effect of sexual violence. Obstet Gynecol. 2008;112(6):1343-1350.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"7","key":"6334_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2009.1673","volume":"19","author":"JC Weitlauf","year":"2010","unstructured":"Weitlauf JC, Frayne SM, Finney JW, et al. Sexual Violence, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and the Pelvic Examination: How Do Beliefs About the Safety, Necessity, and Utility of the Examination Influence Patient Experiences? J Women's Health. 2010;19(7):1271-1280.","journal-title":"J Women's Health"},{"key":"6334_CR16","unstructured":"Watson V. Re-Traumatization of Sexual Trauma in Women\u2019s Reproductive Health Care [Honors Thesis Project], University of Tennesee. 2016."},{"issue":"9993","key":"6334_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)62460-0","volume":"386","author":"CC Harper","year":"2015","unstructured":"Harper CC, Rocca CH, Thompson KM, et al. Reductions in pregnancy rates in the USA with long-acting reversible contraception: a cluster randomised trial. Lancet. 2015;386(9993):562-568.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"6334_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raiford JL, Diclemente RJ, Wingood GM. Effects of Fear of Abuse and Possible STI Acquisition on the Sexual Behavior of Young African American Women. 2009;99(6):1067-1071.","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2007.131482"},{"key":"6334_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seth P, Wingood GM, Robinson LS, Raiford JL, Diclemente RJ. Abuse Impedes Prevention: The Intersection of Intimate Partner Violence and HIV\/STI Risk Among Young African American Women. 2015;19(8):1438-1445.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-014-0940-7"},{"key":"6334_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Drew LB, Mittal M, Thoma ME, Harper CC, Steinberg JR. Intimate Partner Violence and Effectiveness Level of Contraceptive Selection Post-Abortion. J Women's Health. 2019.","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2018.7612"},{"key":"6334_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feltner C, Wallace I, Berkman N, et al. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Evidence Syntheses, formerly Systematic Evidence Reviews. In: Screening for Intimate Partner Violence, Elder Abuse, and Abuse of Vulnerable Adults: An Evidence Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US). 2018.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.13212"},{"key":"6334_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Westhoff CL, Jones HE, Guiahi M. Do New Guidelines and Technology Make the Routine Pelvic Examination Obsolete?. 2011;20(1):5-10.","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2010.2349"},{"issue":"6","key":"6334_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-009-0520-z","volume":"14","author":"E Miller","year":"2010","unstructured":"Miller E, Decker MR, Raj A, Reed E, Marable D, Silverman JG. Intimate Partner Violence and Health Care-Seeking Patterns Among Female Users of Urban Adolescent Clinics. Matern Child Health J. 2010;14(6):910-917.","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"issue":"1","key":"6334_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.2307\/2673737","volume":"33","author":"C Harper","year":"2001","unstructured":"Harper C, Balistreri E, Boggess J, Leon K, Darney P. Provision of hormonal contraceptives without a mandatory pelvic examination: the first stop demonstration project. Fam Plan Perspect. 2001;33(1):13-18.","journal-title":"Fam Plan Perspect"},{"key":"6334_CR25","unstructured":"AAFP Recommends Against Pelvic Exams in Asymptomatic Women https:\/\/www.aafp.org\/news\/health-of-the-public\/20170425aafppelvicexam.html. Published 2017. Updated April 25. Accessed Apr 2020."},{"key":"6334_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guirguis-Blake JM, Henderson JT, Perdue LA. Periodic Screening Pelvic Examination. 2017;317(9):954.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.12819"},{"key":"6334_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ACOG Committee Opinion No. 754: The Utility of and Indications for Routine Pelvic Examination. Obstet Gynecol 2018;132(4):e174-e180.","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002895"},{"issue":"2","key":"6334_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109.e101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.11.015","volume":"208","author":"JT Henderson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Henderson JT, Harper CC, Gutin S, Saraiya M, Chapman J, Sawaya GF. Routine bimanual pelvic examinations: practices and beliefs of US obstetrician-gynecologists. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013;208(2):109.e101-109.e107.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6334_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2019.5727","volume":"180","author":"J Qin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Qin J, Saraiya M, Martinez G, Sawaya GF. Prevalence of Potentially Unnecessary Bimanual Pelvic Examinations and Papanicolaou Tests Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women Aged 15-20 Years in the United States. JAMA Intern Med. 2020;180(2):274.","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"6334_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2017.05.004","volume":"100","author":"M Watson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Watson M, Benard V, King J, Crawford A, Saraiya M. National assessment of HPV and Pap tests: Changes in cervical cancer screening, National Health Interview Survey. Prev Med. 2017;100:243-247.","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"6334_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260512454722","volume":"28","author":"KL Hegarty","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hegarty KL, O\u2019Doherty LJ, Chondros P, et al. Effect of Type and Severity of Intimate Partner Violence on Women\u2019s Health and Service Use. J Interpersonal Violence 2013;28(2):273-294.","journal-title":"J Interpersonal Violence"},{"key":"6334_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Macy RJ, Ferron J, Crosby C. Partner Violence and Survivors\u2019 Chronic Health Problems: Informing Social Work Practice. 2009;54(1):29-43.","DOI":"10.1093\/sw\/54.1.29"},{"issue":"3","key":"6334_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-6773.2009.00955.x","volume":"44","author":"AE Bonomi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bonomi AE, Anderson ML, Rivara FP, Thompson RS. Health Care Utilization and Costs Associated with Physical and Nonphysical-Only Intimate Partner Violence. Health Serv Res 2009;44(3):1052-1067.","journal-title":"Health Serv Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of General Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11606-020-06334-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11606-020-06334-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11606-020-06334-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,3]],"date-time":"2021-11-03T01:05:41Z","timestamp":1635901541000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11606-020-06334-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]}},"alternative-id":["6334"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11606-020-06334-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0884-8734","1525-1497"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0884-8734","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-1497","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 May 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 October 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 November 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the University of California, San Francisco Institutional Review Board and the Allendale Investigational Review Board, Old Lyme, CT.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"The authors report no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of Planned Parenthood Federation of America, Inc.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclaimer"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}