{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T01:24:30Z","timestamp":1791854670587,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,12]],"date-time":"2023-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689120000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,12]],"date-time":"2023-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21 DA044744"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21 DA044744"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23 DA053507"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23 DA053507"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23 DA048169"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23 DA048169"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 DA047867"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DA047867"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 DA015035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 DA015035"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R25 MH112473-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R25 MH112473-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J GEN INTERN MED"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-023-08306-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,12]],"date-time":"2023-07-12T10:02:38Z","timestamp":1689156158000},"page":"3499-3508","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Racial and Ethnic Inequities in Buprenorphine and Methadone Utilization Among Reproductive-Age Women with Opioid Use Disorder: an Analysis of Multi-state Medicaid Claims in the USA"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6595-695X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin Y.","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davida M.","family":"Schiff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hendr\u00e9e E.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caitlin E.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeannie C.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura J.","family":"Bierut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ebony B.","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard A.","family":"Grucza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"8306_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2018.02.013","volume":"201","author":"MR McLemore","year":"2018","unstructured":"McLemore MR, Altman MR, Cooper N, Williams S, Rand L, Franck L. Health care experiences of pregnant, birthing and postnatal women of color at risk for preterm birth. Soc Sci Med. 2018;201:127-35. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2018.02.013","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"8306_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2020.8882","volume":"30","author":"J Crear-Perry","year":"2021","unstructured":"Crear-Perry J, Correa-de-Araujo R, Johnson TL, McLemore MR, Neilson E, Wallace M. Social and Structural Determinants of Health Inequities in Maternal Health. J Womens Health. 2021;30(2):230-5. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jwh.2020.8882","journal-title":"J Womens Health."},{"key":"8306_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schiff DMW EC, Foley B, Applewhite R, Diop H, Goulland L, Gupta M, Hoeppner BB, Peacock-Chambers E, Vilsaint CL, Bernstein JA, Bryant AS. Perinatal Opioid Use Disorder Research, Race, and Racism: A Scoping Review Pediatrics. 2022;149(3). doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2021-052368","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2021-052368"},{"issue":"35","key":"8306_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6835a3","volume":"68","author":"EE Petersen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Petersen EE, Davis NL, Goodman D, Cox S, Syverson C, Seed K, et al. Racial\/Ethnic Disparities in Pregnancy-Related Deaths - United States, 2007-2016. Mmwr-Morbid Mortal W. 2019;68(35):762-5. doi:DOI https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.mm6835a3","journal-title":"Mmwr-Morbid Mortal W."},{"issue":"21","key":"8306_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2159","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.17045","volume":"328","author":"E Bruzelius","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bruzelius E, Martins SS. US Trends in Drug Overdose Mortality Among Pregnant and Postpartum Persons, 2017-2020. JAMA. 2022;328(21):2159-61. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2022.17045","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"2","key":"8306_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002229","volume":"130","author":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists","year":"2017","unstructured":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Committee opinion no.711 summary: opioid use and opioid use disorder in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2017;130(2):488-9.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol."},{"issue":"5","key":"8306_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.03.010","volume":"31","author":"JC Phillippi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Phillippi JC, Schulte R, Bonnet K, Schlundt DD, Cooper WO, Martin PR, et al. Reproductive-Age Women's Experience of Accessing Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder: \"We Don't Do That Here\". Women Health Iss. 2021;31(5):455-61. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.whi.2021.03.010","journal-title":"Women Health Iss."},{"issue":"4","key":"8306_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1097\/Aog.0000000000004307","volume":"137","author":"MJN Tiako","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tiako MJN, Friedman A, Culhane J, South E, Meisel ZF. Predictors of Initiation of Medication for Opioid Use Disorder and Retention in Treatment Among US Pregnant Women, 2013-2017. Obstet Gynecol. 2021;137(4):687-94. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/Aog.0000000000004307","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol."},{"issue":"12","key":"8306_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1828","DOI":"10.2105\/Ajph.2020.305888","volume":"110","author":"M Peeler","year":"2020","unstructured":"Peeler M, Gupta M, Melvin P, Bryant AS, Diop H, Iverson R, et al. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Maternal and Infant Outcomes Among Opioid-Exposed Mother Infant Dyads in Massachusetts (2017-2019). Am J Public Health. 2020;110(12):1828-36. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/Ajph.2020.305888","journal-title":"Am J Public Health."},{"key":"8306_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schiff DM, Nielsen T, Hoeppner BB, Terplan M, Hansen H, Bernson D, et al. Assessment of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Use of Medication to Treat Opioid Use Disorder Among Pregnant Women in Massachusetts. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(5):e205734.","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.5734"},{"key":"8306_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000979","author":"YA Gao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gao YA, Drake C, Krans EE, Chen Q, Jarlenski MP. Explaining Racial-ethnic Disparities in the Receipt of Medication for Opioid Use Disorder During Pregnancy. J Addict Med. 2022. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000979","journal-title":"J Addict Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"8306_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2020.20081174","volume":"178","author":"KY Xu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xu KY, Borodovsky JT, Presnall N, Mintz CM, Hartz SM, Bierut LJ, et al. Association Between Benzodiazepine or Z-Drug Prescriptions and Drug-Related Poisonings Among Patients Receiving Buprenorphine Maintenance: A Case-Crossover Analysis. Am J Psychiat. 2021;178(7):651-9. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.2020.20081174","journal-title":"Am J Psychiat."},{"key":"8306_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2019.07.010","volume":"105","author":"A Meinhofer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Meinhofer A, Williams AR, Johnson P, Schackman BR, Bao Y. Prescribing decisions at buprenorphine treatment initiation: Do they matter for treatment discontinuation and adverse opioid-related events? J Subst Abuse Treat. 2019;105:37-43. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsat.2019.07.010","journal-title":"J Subst Abuse Treat."},{"issue":"2","key":"8306_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2019.19060612","volume":"177","author":"AR Williams","year":"2020","unstructured":"Williams AR, Samples H, Crystal S, Olfson M. Acute Care, Prescription Opioid Use, and Overdose Following Discontinuation of Long-Term Buprenorphine Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder. Am J Psychiat. 2020;177(2):117-24. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.2019.19060612","journal-title":"Am J Psychiat."},{"key":"8306_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-022-00985-w","author":"HR Dong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dong HR, Stringfellow EJ, Russell WA, Bearnot B, Jalali MS. Impact of Alternative Ways to Operationalize Buprenorphine Treatment Duration on Understanding Continuity of Care for Opioid Use Disorder. Int J Mental Health Addict. 2022. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11469-022-00985-w","journal-title":"Int J Mental Health Addict."},{"issue":"5","key":"8306_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3434","volume":"22","author":"SM Brunelli","year":"2013","unstructured":"Brunelli SM, Gagne JJ, Huybrechts KF, Wang SV, Patrick AR, Rothman KJ, et al. Estimation using all available covariate information versus a fixed look-back window for dichotomous covariates. Pharmacoepidem Dr S. 2013;22(5):542-50. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pds.3434","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidem Dr S."},{"issue":"2","key":"8306_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12071","volume":"108","author":"HE Jones","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jones HE, Chisolm MS, Jansson LM, Terplan M. Naltrexone in the treatment of opioid-dependent pregnant women: common ground. Addiction. 2013;108(2):255-6. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/add.12071","journal-title":"Addiction."},{"key":"8306_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Xu KY, Jones HE, Schiff DM, Martin CE, Kelly JC, Carter EB, et al. Initiation and Treatment Discontinuation of Medications for Opioid Use Disorder in Pregnant Compared With Nonpregnant People. Obstet Gynecol. 2023;141(4):845\u2013853. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AOG.0000000000005117","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000005117"},{"key":"8306_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bello JK, Salas J, Grucza R. Preconception health service provision among women with and without substance use disorders. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2022;230:109194. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2021.109194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2021.109194"},{"key":"8306_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nead KT, Hinkston CL, Wehner MR. Cautions When Using Race and Ethnicity in Administrative Claims Data Sets. JAMA Health Forum. 2022;3(7):e221812. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamahealthforum.2022.1812","DOI":"10.1001\/jamahealthforum.2022.1812"},{"issue":"13","key":"8306_CR21","first-page":"1","volume":"19","author":"F Huang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Huang F. Analyzing group level effects with clustered data using Taylor series linearization. Pract Assess Res Eval. 2014;19(13):1\u20139.","journal-title":"Pract Assess Res Eval."},{"key":"8306_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.06.009","volume":"178","author":"N Krawczyk","year":"2017","unstructured":"Krawczyk N, Feder KA, Fingerhood MI, Saloner B. Racial and ethnic differences in opioid agonist treatment for opioid use disorder in a US national sample. Drug Alcohol Depen. 2017;178:512-8. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.06.009","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depen."},{"issue":"1","key":"8306_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2021.08.008","volume":"106","author":"DS Jackson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jackson DS, Tiako MJN, Jordan A. Disparities in Addiction Treatment Learning from the Past to Forge an Equitable Future. Med Clin N Am. 2022;106(1):29-41. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mcna.2021.08.008","journal-title":"Med Clin N Am."},{"issue":"6","key":"8306_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2020.02261","volume":"40","author":"B Andraka-Christou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Andraka-Christou B. Addressing Racial And Ethnic Disparities In The Use Of Medications For Opioid Use Disorder. Health Affairs. 2021;40(6):920-7. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1377\/hlthaff.2020.02261","journal-title":"Health Affairs."},{"key":"8306_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hansen H, Roberts S. Two Tiers of Biomedicalization: Methadone, Buprenorphine, and the Racial Politics of Addiction Treatment. In Netherland J, editor, Critical Perspectives on Addiction. 2012. p. 79\u2013102. (Advances in Medical Sociology). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/S1057-6290(2012)0000014008","DOI":"10.1108\/S1057-6290(2012)0000014008"},{"issue":"6","key":"8306_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732311432718","volume":"22","author":"J Harris","year":"2012","unstructured":"Harris J, McElrath K. Methadone as Social Control: Institutionalized Stigma and the Prospect of Recovery. Qual Health Res. 2012;22(6):810-24. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1049732311432718","journal-title":"Qual Health Res."},{"issue":"22","key":"8306_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2033","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2203318","volume":"387","author":"EA Suarez","year":"2022","unstructured":"Suarez EA, Huybrechts KF, Straub L, Hernandez-Diaz S, Jones HE, Connery HS, et al. Buprenorphine versus Methadone for Opioid Use Disorder in Pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 2022;387(22):2033-44. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2203318","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"12","key":"8306_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3504","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15582","volume":"116","author":"EE Krans","year":"2021","unstructured":"Krans EE, Kim JY, Chen QW, Rothenberger SD, James AE, Kelley D, et al. Outcomes associated with the use of medications for opioid use disorder during pregnancy. Addiction. 2021;116(12):3504-14. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/add.15582","journal-title":"Addiction."},{"key":"8306_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wakeman SE, Larochelle MR, Ameli O, Chaisson CE, McPheeters JT, Crown WH, et al. Comparative Effectiveness of Different Treatment Pathways for Opioid Use Disorder. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(2):e1920622. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.20622","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.20622"},{"issue":"7","key":"8306_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729-","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2022.1171","volume":"176","author":"RA Harris","year":"2022","unstructured":"Harris RA. Race, Overdose Deaths, and Years of Lost Life. Jama Pediatr. 2022;176(7):729-. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2022.1171","journal-title":"Jama Pediatr."},{"key":"8306_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109868","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2023.109868","volume":"247","author":"AE Austin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Austin AE, Durrance CP, Ahrens KA, Chen Q, Hammerslag L, McDuffie MJ, et al. Duration of medication for opioid use disorder during pregnancy and postpartum by race\/ethnicity: Results from 6 state Medicaid programs. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2023;247:109868. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2023.109868","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"8306_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2019.107679","volume":"206","author":"CE Martin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Martin CE, Scialli A, Terplan M. Unmet substance use disorder treatment need among reproductive age women. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2020;206:107679. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2019.107679","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"8306_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208935","DOI":"10.1016\/j.josat.2022.208935","volume":"145","author":"CE Martin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Martin CE, Britton E, Shadowen H, Bachireddy C, Harrell A, Zhao X, et al. Disparities in opioid use disorder-related hospital use among postpartum Virginia Medicaid members. J Subst Use Addict Treat. 2023;145:208935. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.josat.2022.208935","journal-title":"J Subst Use Addict Treat."},{"issue":"6","key":"8306_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.21100969","volume":"179","author":"JL Alvidrez","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alvidrez JL, Barksdale CL. Perspectives From the National Institutes of Health on Multidimensional Mental Health Disparities Research: A Framework for Advancing the Field. Am J Psychiat. 2022;179(6):417-21. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.21100969","journal-title":"Am J Psychiat."},{"issue":"6","key":"8306_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.21100972","volume":"179","author":"CL Barksdale","year":"2022","unstructured":"Barksdale CL, Perez-Stable E, Gordon J. Innovative Directions to Advance Mental Health Disparities Research. Am J Psychiat. 2022;179(6):397-401. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.21100972","journal-title":"Am J Psychiat."},{"issue":"3","key":"8306_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1007\/s11414-013-9341-3","volume":"40","author":"HB Hansen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hansen HB, Siegel CE, Case BG, Bertollo DN, DiRocco D, Galanter M. Variation in Use of Buprenorphine and Methadone Treatment by Racial, Ethnic, and Income Characteristics of Residential Social Areas in New York City. J Behav Health Ser R. 2013;40(3):367-77. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11414-013-9341-3","journal-title":"J Behav Health Ser R."},{"issue":"9","key":"8306_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2019.0876","volume":"76","author":"PA Lagisetty","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lagisetty PA, Ross R, Bohnert A, Clay M, Maust DT. Buprenorphine Treatment Divide by Race\/Ethnicity and Payment. Jama Psychiat. 2019;76(9):979-81. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2019.0876","journal-title":"Jama Psychiat."},{"issue":"11","key":"8306_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2018.2143","volume":"172","author":"SE Hadland","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hadland SE, Bagley SM, Rodean J, Silverstein M, Levy S, Larochelle MR, et al. Receipt of Timely Addiction Treatment and Association of Early Medication Treatment With Retention in Care Among Youths With Opioid Use Disorder. Jama Pediatr. 2018;172(11):1029-37. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2018.2143","journal-title":"Jama Pediatr."},{"issue":"10","key":"8306_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2021.00805","volume":"40","author":"VA Foster","year":"2021","unstructured":"Foster VA, Harrison JM, Williams CR, Asiodu IV, Ayala S, Getrouw-Moore J, et al. Reimagining Perinatal Mental Health: An Expansive Vision For Structural Change. Health Affairs. 2021;40(10):1592-6. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1377\/hlthaff.2021.00805","journal-title":"Health Affairs."},{"key":"8306_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S109","DOI":"10.2105\/Ajph.2021.306651","volume":"112","author":"H Hansen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hansen H, Jordan A, Plough A, Alegria M, Cunningham C, Ostrovsky A. Lessons for the Opioid Crisis-Integrating Social Determinants of Health Into Clinical Care. Am J Public Health. 2022;112:S109-S11. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/Ajph.2021.306651","journal-title":"Am J Public Health."},{"issue":"1","key":"8306_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2021.04.215","volume":"225","author":"EB Carter","year":"2021","unstructured":"Carter EB, Mazzoni SE, Collaborative EW. A paradigm shift to address racial inequities in perinatal healthcare. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2021;225(1):108-9. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2021.04.215","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol."},{"issue":"5","key":"8306_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(03)00765-8","volume":"102","author":"JR Ickovics","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ickovics JR, Kershaw TS, Westdahl C, Rising SS, Klima C, Reynolds H, et al. Group prenatal care and preterm birth weight: Results from a matched cohort study at public clinics. Obstet Gynecol. 2003;102(5):1051-7. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0029-7844(03)00765-8","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol."},{"issue":"3","key":"8306_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-019-00715-0","volume":"15","author":"MM Ali","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ali MM, Cutler E, Mutter R, Henke RM, O'Brien PL, Pines JM, et al. Opioid Use Disorder and Prescribed Opioid Regimens: Evidence from Commercial and Medicaid Claims, 2005-2015. J Med Toxicol. 2019;15(3):156-68. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13181-019-00715-0","journal-title":"J Med Toxicol."},{"issue":"5","key":"8306_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2022.05.006","volume":"63","author":"CC Dunphy","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dunphy CC, Zhang K, Xu LK, Guy GP. Racial-Ethnic Disparities of Buprenorphine and Vivitrol Receipt in Medicaid. Am J Prev Med. 2022;63(5):717-25. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amepre.2022.05.006","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med."},{"key":"8306_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.3102\/0091732x20903321","volume":"44","author":"S Viano","year":"2020","unstructured":"Viano S, Baker DJ. How Administrative Data Collection and Analysis Can Better Reflect Racial and Ethnic Identities. Rev Res Educ. 2020;44:301-31. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3102\/0091732x20903321","journal-title":"Rev Res Educ."},{"key":"8306_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000001185","author":"HE Bird","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bird HE, Huhn AS, Dunn KE. Fentanyl Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion: Narrative Review and Clinical Significance Related to Illicitly Manufactured Fentanyl. J Addict Med. 2023. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ADM.0000000000001185","journal-title":"J Addict Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"8306_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2020.1624","volume":"77","author":"RA Kleinman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kleinman RA. Comparison of Driving Times to Opioid Treatment Programs and Pharmacies in the US. Jama Psychiat. 2020;77(11):1163-71. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2020.1624","journal-title":"Jama Psychiat."},{"key":"8306_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Patrick SW, Richards MR, Dupont WD, McNeer E, Buntin MB, Martin PR, et al. Association of Pregnancy and Insurance Status With Treatment Access for Opioid Use Disorder. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(8):e2013456. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.13456","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.13456"},{"issue":"4","key":"8306_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.20851","volume":"321","author":"S Patrick","year":"2019","unstructured":"Patrick S, Faherty LJ, Dick AW, Scott TA, Dudley J, Stein BD. Association Among County-Level Economic Factors, Clinician Supply, Metropolitan or Rural Location, and Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome. Jama-J Am Med Assoc. 2019;321(4):385-93. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2018.20851","journal-title":"Jama-J Am Med Assoc."},{"key":"8306_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tiako MJN, Culhane J, South E, Srinivas SK, Meisel ZF. Prevalence and Geographic Distribution of Obstetrician-Gynecologists Who Treat Medicaid Enrollees and Are Trained to Prescribe Buprenorphine. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(12):e2029043. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.29043","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.29043"},{"issue":"5","key":"8306_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1097\/Aog.0000000000002562","volume":"131","author":"M Terplan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Terplan M, Laird HJ, Hand DJ, Wright TE, Premkumar A, Martin CE, et al. Opioid Detoxification During Pregnancy A Systematic Review. Obstet Gynecol. 2018;131(5):803-14. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/Aog.0000000000002562","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol."}],"container-title":["Journal of General Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11606-023-08306-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11606-023-08306-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11606-023-08306-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T20:02:57Z","timestamp":1720728177000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11606-023-08306-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,12]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8306"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11606-023-08306-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0884-8734","1525-1497"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0884-8734","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-1497","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 February 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 June 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 July 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors report no conflicts of interest. LJB is listed as an inventor on US Patent 8080371, \u2018Markers for Addiction\u2019, covering use of SNPs in determining the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of addiction. All other authors declare no financial interests. All authors do not have any financial or non-financial relationships with organizations that may have an interest in our submitted work.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"The authors acknowledge that their social identities inevitably influence their science. Perinatal substance use disorders is an area that holds special significance for the lead author, as his medical training overlapped with a surge in maternal overdoses during the COVID-19 pandemic, which were concomitant with rollbacks in perinatal health access in Missouri. While the lead author, who identifies as a US Chinese-American male physician-scientist, has had lived experiences of racism, he has not been pregnant, nor has personally suffered from addiction, and seeks to approach this topic area with humility. He has thus worked to build an interdisciplinary team of co-authors with a diverse array of backgrounds and areas of clinical expertise. The majority of authors, including the co-last author, are female scientists. The authors\u2019 academic ranks include full professor, associate professor, assistant professor, and instructor\/new faculty member. The institutions where the authors are employed span private universities, public universities, academic medical centers, public safety-net hospitals, and non-profit substance use disorder treatment centers in multiple states. As part of their commitment to rigorous antiracist science, the authors have sought to contextualize their results with conceptual models, cite prior work of scientists from historically marginalized groups, use people-first and affirming language, and thoroughly acknowledge the methodological limitations influencing their race\/ethnicity data.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Positionality Statement"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}