{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T17:35:30Z","timestamp":1790876130361,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767571200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AA030970"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AA030970"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J GEN INTERN MED"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-025-10089-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T18:31:46Z","timestamp":1767637906000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Rates of Diagnosis and Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorder Among All of Us Participants with Unhealthy Alcohol Use"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Yihua","family":"Yue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael B.","family":"Rothberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudie E.","family":"Back","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olajide","family":"Adekunle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ha T","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4788-773X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Phuc","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"10089_CR1","unstructured":"(SAMHSA) SAaMHSA. Section 5 PE Tables - Results from the 2023 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Detailed Tables, SAMHSA, CBHSQ. In: Tables ND, Data C, editors. 2024."},{"key":"10089_CR2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control Prevention (CDC). ARDI Methods. 2024. Accessed 2025\/02\/24\/21:37:28. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/alcohol\/ardi\/methods.html"},{"issue":"8","key":"10089_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2015.0584","volume":"72","author":"BF Grant","year":"2015","unstructured":"Grant BF, Goldstein RB, Saha TD, et al. Epidemiology of DSM-5 Alcohol Use Disorder: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions III. JAMA Psychiatry. 2015;72(8):757-766. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2015.0584","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry."},{"issue":"12","key":"10089_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2023.08.018","volume":"45","author":"D Abbas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abbas D, Ciricillo JA, Elom HA, Moon AM. Extrahepatic Health Effects of Alcohol Use and Alcohol-associated Liver Disease. Clin Ther. 2023;45(12):1201-1211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinthera.2023.08.018","journal-title":"Clin Ther."},{"issue":"4","key":"10089_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2024.06.006","volume":"28","author":"HY Choi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Choi HY, Balter DR, Haque LY. Epidemiology and Health Care Burden of Alcohol Use Disorder. Clin Liver Dis. 2024;28(4):577-588. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cld.2024.06.006","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis."},{"issue":"8","key":"10089_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.11406","volume":"320","author":"HR Kranzler","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kranzler HR, Soyka M. Diagnosis and Pharmacotherapy of Alcohol Use Disorder: A Review. JAMA. 2018;320(8):815-824. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2018.11406","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"1","key":"10089_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/s13722-024-00490-6","volume":"19","author":"RL Ellis","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ellis RL, Hallgren KA, Williams EC, et al. Prevalence of alcohol use disorders documented in electronic health records in primary care across intersections of race or ethnicity, sex, and socioeconomic status. Addict Sci Clin Pract. 2024;19(1):61. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13722-024-00490-6","journal-title":"Addict Sci Clin Pract."},{"issue":"6","key":"10089_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2219651","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.19651","volume":"5","author":"EC Williams","year":"2022","unstructured":"Williams EC, Fletcher OV, Frost MC, Harris AHS, Washington DL, Hoggatt KJ. Comparison of Substance Use Disorder Diagnosis Rates From Electronic Health Record Data With Substance Use Disorder Prevalence Rates Reported in Surveys Across Sociodemographic Groups in the Veterans Health Administration. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(6):e2219651. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.19651","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open."},{"issue":"6","key":"10089_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.21111097","volume":"180","author":"R Vickers-Smith","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vickers-Smith R, Justice AC, Becker WC, et al. Racial and Ethnic Bias in the Diagnosis of Alcohol Use Disorder in Veterans. AJP. 2023;180(6):426-436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.21111097","journal-title":"AJP."},{"issue":"11","key":"10089_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.20230730","volume":"181","author":"P Le","year":"2024","unstructured":"Le P, Rich JJ, Bernstein EY, et al. Disparities in Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorder Among All of Us Participants. Am J Psychiatry. 2024;181(11):973-987. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.20230730","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry."},{"issue":"6","key":"10089_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990.2021.1969658","volume":"47","author":"A Venegas","year":"2021","unstructured":"Venegas A, Donato S, Meredith LR, Ray LA. Understanding low treatment seeking rates for alcohol use disorder: A narrative review of the literature and opportunities for improvement. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2021;47(6):664-679. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00952990.2021.1969658","journal-title":"Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse."},{"key":"10089_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.06.011","volume":"178","author":"EC Williams","year":"2017","unstructured":"Williams EC, Gupta S, Rubinsky AD, et al. Variation in receipt of pharmacotherapy for alcohol use disorders across racial\/ethnic groups: A national study in the U.S. Veterans Health Administration. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2017;178:527-533. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.06.011","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Dependence"},{"issue":"1","key":"10089_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1177\/10731911231177252","volume":"31","author":"CL Boness","year":"2024","unstructured":"Boness CL, Carlos Gonzalez J, Sleep C, Venner KL, Witkiewitz K. Evidence-Based Assessment of Substance Use Disorder. Assessment. 2024;31(1):168-190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10731911231177252","journal-title":"Assessment."},{"issue":"7","key":"10089_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsr1809937","volume":"381","author":"JC Denny","year":"2019","unstructured":"All of Us Research Program I, Denny JC, Rutter JL, et al. The \"All of Us\" Research Program. N Engl J Med. 2019;381(7):668-676. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMsr1809937","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10089_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e60189","DOI":"10.2196\/60189","volume":"27","author":"D Klein","year":"2025","unstructured":"Klein D, Montgomery A, Begale M, et al. Building a Digital Health Research Platform to Enable Recruitment, Enrollment, Data Collection, and Follow-Up for a Highly Diverse Longitudinal US Cohort of 1 Million People in the All of Us Research Program: Design and Implementation Study. J Med Internet Res. 2025\/01\/15\/ 2025;27:e60189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/60189","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10089_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2006.00295.x","volume":"31","author":"DF Reinert","year":"2007","unstructured":"Reinert DF, Allen JP. The alcohol use disorders identification test: an update of research findings. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2007;31(2):185-199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2006.00295.x","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res."},{"key":"10089_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bradley KA, DeBenedetti AF, Volk RJ, Williams EC, Frank D, Kivlahan DR. AUDIT\u2010C as a Brief Screen for Alcohol Misuse in Primary Care. Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res. 2007;31(7)https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2007.00403.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2007.00403.x"},{"issue":"8","key":"10089_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.65.8.962","volume":"65","author":"R Mojtabai","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mojtabai R, Olfson M. National Trends in Psychotherapy by Office-Based Psychiatrists. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2008;65(8):962-970. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archpsyc.65.8.962","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry."},{"issue":"2","key":"10089_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2021.21040338","volume":"179","author":"D Tadmon","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tadmon D, Olfson M. Trends in Outpatient Psychotherapy Provision by U.S. Psychiatrists: 1996-2016. Am J Psychiatry. 2022;179(2):110-121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.2021.21040338","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry."},{"issue":"5","key":"10089_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2022.01406","volume":"42","author":"EL Hannan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hannan EL, Wu Y, Cozzens K, Anderson B. The Neighborhood Atlas Area Deprivation Index For Measuring Socioeconomic Status: An Overemphasis On Home Value. Health Aff (Millwood). 2023;42(5):702-709. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1377\/hlthaff.2022.01406","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)."},{"key":"10089_CR21","unstructured":"Group TMoSUDW. VA\/DoD Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Substance Use Disorders (Version 4.0). 2021. https:\/\/www.healthquality.va.gov\/guidelines\/MH\/sud\/VADoDSUDCPG.pdf"},{"key":"10089_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chatterton B, Agnoli A, Schwarz EB, Fenton JJ. Alcohol Screening During US Primary Care Visits, 2014\u20132016. J Gen Int Med. 2022;37(15)https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11606-021-07369-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-021-07369-1"},{"issue":"1","key":"10089_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-020-01073-0","volume":"16","author":"F Rosario","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rosario F, Santos MI, Angus K, Pas L, Ribeiro C, Fitzgerald N. Factors influencing the implementation of screening and brief interventions for alcohol use in primary care practices: a systematic review using the COM-B system and Theoretical Domains Framework. Implement Sci. 2021;16(1):6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13012-020-01073-0","journal-title":"Implement Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10089_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.04.026","volume":"77","author":"G Schomerus","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schomerus G, Leonhard A, Manthey J, et al. The stigma of alcohol-related liver disease and its impact on healthcare. J Hepatol. 2022;77(2):516-524. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.04.026","journal-title":"J Hepatol."},{"key":"10089_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2021.108851","volume":"226","author":"M Pinedo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pinedo M. Missed opportunities by health care providers to reduce racial\/ethnic disparities in the use of alcohol treatment services. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021;226:108851. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2021.108851","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"10089_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"M P, SE Z, PA G, Y C, R C. Differences in barriers to specialty alcohol treatment between Latino and White adults with an alcohol use disorder - PubMed. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2025;269. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2025.112594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2025.112594"},{"key":"10089_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2019.11.006","volume":"109","author":"M Pinedo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pinedo M. Help seeking behaviors of Latinos with substance use disorders who perceive a need for treatment: Substance abuse versus mental health treatment services. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2020;109:41-45. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsat.2019.11.006","journal-title":"J Subst Abuse Treat."},{"key":"10089_CR28","unstructured":"MACPAC. Behavioral Health in the Medicaid Program\u2015People, Use, and Expenditures. June 2015. June 2015 Report to Congress on Medicaid and CHIP. https:\/\/www.macpac.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/Behavioral-Health-in-the-Medicaid-Program%E2%80%94People-Use-and-Expenditures-1.pdf"},{"issue":"5","key":"10089_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.7326\/M21-4011","volume":"175","author":"C Perry","year":"2022","unstructured":"Perry C, Liberto J, Milliken C, et al. The Management of Substance Use Disorders: Synopsis of the 2021 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and U.S. Department of Defense Clinical Practice Guideline. Ann Intern Med. 2022;175(5):720-731. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/M21-4011","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"key":"10089_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"PA G, G P, SE Z, N M, G B. Gender Differences in Use of Alcohol Treatment Services and Reasons for Nonuse in a National Sample - PubMed. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2019;43(4)https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acer.13965","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13965"},{"key":"10089_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2024.11.003","volume":"123","author":"TL Verplaetse","year":"2025","unstructured":"Verplaetse TL, Carretta RF, Struble CA, et al. Gender differences in alcohol use disorder trends from 2009-2019: An intersectional analysis. Alcohol. 2025;123:101-107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.alcohol.2024.11.003","journal-title":"Alcohol."},{"key":"10089_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/08870446.2024.2352191","volume":"12","author":"R Lamb","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lamb R, Kougiali ZG. Women and shame: narratives of recovery from alcohol dependence. Psychol Health. 12 2024:1-38. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/08870446.2024.2352191","journal-title":"Psychol Health."},{"key":"10089_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"R A, C P, GL G, F F. Sex Differences in Alcohol Use Disorder - PubMed. Current medicinal chemistry. 2017;24(24)https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/0929867323666161202092908","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867323666161202092908"},{"key":"10089_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"LE C, AC F, JL M. Sex and gender in alcohol use disorder and alcohol-associated liver disease in the United States: A narrative review - PubMed. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md). 2024;https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000905","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000905"},{"key":"10089_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"J M, M G, T V, et al. Menopause, ageing, and alcohol use disorders in women - PubMed. Maturitas. 2018;111https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.maturitas.2018.03.006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2018.03.006"},{"issue":"3","key":"10089_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-017-4202-z","volume":"33","author":"EC Williams","year":"2018","unstructured":"Williams EC, Achtmeyer CE, Young JP, et al. Barriers to and Facilitators of Alcohol Use Disorder Pharmacotherapy in Primary Care: A Qualitative Study in Five VA Clinics. J Gen Intern Med. 2018;33(3):258-267. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11606-017-4202-z","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med."},{"key":"10089_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100051","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadr.2022.100051","volume":"3","author":"J Dickson-Gomez","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dickson-Gomez J, Weeks M, Green D, Boutouis S, Galletly C, Christenson E. Insurance barriers to substance use disorder treatment after passage of mental health and addiction parity laws and the affordable care act: A qualitative analysis. Drug Alcohol Depend Rep. 2022;3:100051. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dadr.2022.100051","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"10089_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2453634","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2025.2453634","volume":"57","author":"MS Carson","year":"2025","unstructured":"Carson MS, Haro-Ramos AY, Lopez-Solano N, et al. Facilitators and barriers of alcohol goals for Latinx men hospitalized with alcohol use disorder seen by an Addiction Consult Team. Ann Med. 2025;57(1):2453634. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07853890.2025.2453634","journal-title":"Ann Med."}],"container-title":["Journal of General Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11606-025-10089-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11606-025-10089-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11606-025-10089-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T18:31:47Z","timestamp":1767637907000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11606-025-10089-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["10089"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11606-025-10089-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0884-8734","1525-1497"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0884-8734","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-1497","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The AoU IRB approved the overarching study protocols, and all participants provided informed consent at the time of enrollment.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human Ethics and Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"None.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}