{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T18:18:38Z","timestamp":1787768318009,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J GEN INTERN MED"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-026-10699-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T17:26:40Z","timestamp":1787765200000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Practical Guide to Becoming a Clinical Problem Solving Discussant"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6134-5913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gurpreet","family":"Dhaliwal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Goglin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 N.","family":"Sofair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"10699_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Connor DM, Durning SJ, Rencic JJ. Clinical reasoning as a core competency. Acad Med. 2020;95(8):1166-1171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ACM.0000000000003027.\u00a0","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000003027"},{"key":"10699_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Montgomery K. How doctors think: clinical judgment and the practice of medicine. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 2006.","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195187120.001.0001"},{"key":"10699_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Roy B, Castiglioni A, Kraemer RR, Salanitro AH, Willett LL, Shewchuk RM, Qu H, Heudebert G, Centor RM. Using cognitive mapping to define key domains for successful attending rounds. J Gen Intern Med. 2012;27(11):1492\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11606-012-2121-6.\u00a0","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-012-2121-6"},{"key":"10699_CR4","unstructured":"Trowbridge RL Jr, Rencic JJ, Durning SJ, eds. Teaching Clinical Reasoning. ACP Teaching Medicine Series. Philadelphia, PA: American College of Physicians; 2015."},{"key":"10699_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Torre D, Chamberland M, Mamede S. Implementation of three knowledge-oriented instructional strategies to teach clinical reasoning: Self-explanation, a concept mapping exercise, and deliberate reflection: AMEE Guide No. 150. Med Teach. 2023;45(7):676\u2013684. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0142159X.2022.2105200.\u00a0","DOI":"10.1080\/0142159X.2022.2105200"},{"key":"10699_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Penner JC, Shipley LC, Minter DJ. Reasoning on rounds: a framework for teaching diagnostic reasoning in the inpatient setting. J Gen Intern Med. 2023;38(13):3041\u20133046. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11606-023-08359-1.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-023-08359-1"},{"key":"10699_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schmidt HG, Mamede S. How to improve the teaching of clinical reasoning: a narrative review and a proposal. Med Educ. 2015;49(10):961-73. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/medu.12775.\u00a0","DOI":"10.1111\/medu.12775"},{"key":"10699_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kassirer JP. Teaching clinical reasoning: case-based and coached. Acad Med. 2010;85(7):1118-24. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/acm.0b013e3181d5dd0d.","DOI":"10.1097\/acm.0b013e3181d5dd0d"},{"key":"10699_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pinnock R, Young L, Spence F, Henning M, Hazell W. Can think aloud be used to teach and assess clinical reasoning in graduate medical education? J Grad Med Educ. 2015;7(3):334-7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4300\/JGME-D-14-00601.1.","DOI":"10.4300\/JGME-D-14-00601.1"},{"key":"10699_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dhaliwal G, Sharpe BA. Twelve tips for presenting a clinical problem solving exercise. Med Teach. 2009;31(12):1056-9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/01421590902912103.","DOI":"10.3109\/01421590902912103"},{"key":"10699_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mahan JD, Kaczmarczyk JM, Miller Juve AK, et al. Clinician educator milestones: assessing and improving educators\u2019 skills. Acad Med. 2024;99(6):592\u2013598. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ACM.0000000000005684.\u00a0","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000005684"},{"key":"10699_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fogerty RL, Heavner JJ, Moriarty JP, Sofair AN, Jenq G. Novel integration of systems-based practice into internal medicine residency programs: the Interactive Cost-Awareness Resident Exercise (I-CARE). Teach Learn Med. 2014;26(1):90-4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10401334.2013.857338.\u00a0","DOI":"10.1080\/10401334.2013.857338"},{"key":"10699_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sinha P, Pischel L, Sofair AN. Improving diagnosis by feedback and deliberate practice: one-on-one coaching for diagnostic maturation. Diagnosis (Berl). 2021.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/dx-2020-0129.","DOI":"10.1515\/dx-2020-0129"},{"key":"10699_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cabral S, Restrepo D, Kanjee Z, et al. Clinical reasoning of a generative artificial intelligence model compared with physicians. JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(5):581-583. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamainternmed.2024.0295.\u00a0","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2024.0295"},{"key":"10699_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"McQuade CN, Simonson MG, Lister J, et al. Characteristics differentiating problem representation synthesis between novices and experts. J Hosp Med. 2024;19(6):468-474. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jhm.13335.","DOI":"10.1002\/jhm.13335"},{"key":"10699_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cammarata M, Dhaliwal G. Diagnostic schemas: form and function. J Gen Intern Med. 2023;38(2):513\u2013516. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11606-022-07935-1.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-022-07935-1"},{"key":"10699_CR17","unstructured":"Mansoor AM. Frameworks for internal medicine. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 2024."},{"key":"10699_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bearman M, Molloy E. Intellectual streaking: The value of teachers exposing minds (and hearts). Med Teach. 2017;39(12):1284-1285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0142159X.2017.1308475.\u00a0","DOI":"10.1080\/0142159X.2017.1308475"},{"key":"10699_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Eriksen AV, M\u00f6ller S, Ryg J. Use of GPT-4 to Diagnose complex clinical cases. NEJM AI. 2024;1(1):https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/AIp2300031.","DOI":"10.1056\/AIp2300031"},{"key":"10699_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Savage T, Nayak A, Gallo R, Rangan E, Chen JH. Diagnostic reasoning prompts reveal the potential for large language model interpretability in medicine. NPJ Digit Med. 2024;7(1):20. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41746-024-01010-1.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-024-01010-1"}],"container-title":["Journal of General Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11606-026-10699-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11606-026-10699-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11606-026-10699-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T17:26:41Z","timestamp":1787765201000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11606-026-10699-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["10699"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11606-026-10699-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0884-8734","1525-1497"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0884-8734","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-1497","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 August 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 August 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they do not have a conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}