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CCAAT\/enhancer-binding protein \u03b1 (C\/EBPA) could mediate microglia polarization. In this study, we explored the possible roles of miR-367 and CEBPA in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). ICH and normal specimens were obtained from the tissue adjacent to and distant from hematoma of ICH patients, respectively. Microglia were isolated and identified by immunofluorescence. The isolated microglia were treated with erythrocyte lysate and randomly divided into 8 groups using different transfection reagents. The transfection efficiency of miR-367 was determined by qRT-PCR. The expressions of M1 and M2 microglia markers were detected by Western blotting. The relationship between CEBPA and miR-367 was confirmed by dual luciferase reporter system. Flow cytometry was performed to determine the level of apoptosis in the cells transfected with miR-367 and CEBPA in erythrocyte lysate\u2013treated microglia. We found that miR-367 expression level was downregulated in ICH specimens. Erythrocyte lysate\u2013treated microglia was successfully established using erythrocyte lysate, as decreased miR-367 expression was observed. Overexpression of miR-367 could significantly decrease the expressions of MHC-\u0406\u0406, IL-1\u03b2, and Bax, reduced apoptosis rate, and increased the expressions of CD206, Bal-2, and Arg-1 in erythrocyte lysate\u2013treated microglia. CEBPA was proved to be a direct target for miR-367, which could inhibit microglia M2 polarization and increase apoptosis rate. However, in the presence of both CEBPA and miR-367 mimic, the protein and mRNA expressions of CEBPA were decreased, leading to promoted microglia M2 polarization and a decreased apoptosis rate. MiR-367 regulates microglia polarization by targeting CEBPA and is expected to alleviate ICH-induced inflammatory injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11626-020-00519-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]],"date-time":"2020-11-04T20:02:32Z","timestamp":1604520152000},"page":"878-887","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["MiR-367 alleviates inflammatory injury of microglia by promoting M2 polarization via targeting CEBPA"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Pei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shewei","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yulei","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tongwen","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiafeng","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luanluan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8454-0562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"519_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/nan.12011","volume":"39","author":"D Boche","year":"2013","unstructured":"Boche D, Perry VH, Nicoll JA (2013) Review: activation patterns of microglia and their identification in the human brain. 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