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Although BOO is reportedly associated with increased systemic oxidative stress (OS), the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The elucidation of this mechanism is the primary aim of this study. A Sprague\u2013Dawley rat model of BOO was constructed and used for urodynamic monitoring. The bladder tissue of rats was collected and subjected to real-time reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), histological examination, and immunohistochemical staining. Through bioinformatics prediction, we found that transforming growth factor \u03b22 (TGF\u03b22) expression was upregulated in rats with BOO compared with normal bladder tissue. In vitro analyses using primary bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMCs) revealed that hydrogen peroxide (H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) induced TGF\u03b22 expression. Moreover, H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by reducing E-cadherin, an endothelial marker and CK-18, a cytokeratin maker, and increasing mesenchymal markers, including N-cadherin, vimentin, and \u03b1-smooth muscle actin (\u03b1-SMA) levels. The downregulation of TGF\u03b22 expression in BSMCs using siRNA technology alleviated H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-induced changes in EMT marker expression. The findings of the study indicate that TGF\u03b22 plays a crucial role in BOO by participating in OS-induced EMT in BSMCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11626-024-00864-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T20:02:01Z","timestamp":1708977721000},"page":"793-804","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["TGF\u03b22 mediates oxidative stress\u2013induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of bladder smooth muscle"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Jingwen","family":"Geng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaofan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yansong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojia","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinqi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5510-6895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"864_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.14063","volume":"121","author":"KE Andersson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Andersson KE (2018) Oxidative stress and its possible relation to lower urinary tract functional pathology. 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