{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T01:00:43Z","timestamp":1793408443506,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757635200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Chin. J. Integr. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11655-025-4142-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T06:15:09Z","timestamp":1757657709000},"page":"111-119","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effect of Huashi Tongbi Formula on Erectile Dysfunction with Damp Heat Affecting Pi (Spleen) Pattern: A Multicentre, Randomized, Controlled Noninferiority Trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"He-de","family":"Zou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei-hai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-kang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bao-feng","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian-wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-sen","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guan-chao","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing-he","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zi-yang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong-jie","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-peng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"He-kun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao-ran","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-you","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"4142_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2021.06.007","volume":"80","author":"A Salonia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Salonia A, Bettocchi C, Boeri L, Capogrosso P, Carvalho J, Cilesiz NC, et al. European Association of Urology Guidelines on Sexual and Reproductive Health\u20142021 update: male sexual dysfunction. Eur Urol 2021;80:333\u2013357.","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"4142_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-020-03233-9","volume":"39","author":"CR Madeira","year":"2021","unstructured":"Madeira CR, Tonin FS, Fachi MM, Borba HH, Ferreira VL, Leonart LP, et al. Efficacy and safety of oral phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for erectile dysfunction: a network meta-analysis and multicriteria decision analysis. World J Urol 2021;39:953\u2013962.","journal-title":"World J Urol"},{"key":"4142_CR3","first-page":"5445","volume":"33","author":"JY Zhao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhao JY, Song CS. Theoretical connotation and clinical practice of the treatment method of Tongbi Zhiwei. China J Tradit Chin Med Pharm (Chin) 2018;33:5445\u20135448.","journal-title":"China J Tradit Chin Med Pharm (Chin)"},{"key":"4142_CR4","first-page":"1471","volume":"44","author":"HD Zou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zou HD, Liu HF, Chen WK, Cao R, Zhang HK, Zhang YP, et al. Effects of Huashi Tongbi Formula on blood lipid levels, vascular endothelial cells and intestinal flora in rats with erectile dysfunction. Chin J Integr Tradit West Med (Chin) 2024;44:1471\u20131481.","journal-title":"Chin J Integr Tradit West Med (Chin)"},{"key":"4142_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijir.3900472","volume":"11","author":"RC Rosen","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rosen RC, Cappelleri JC, Smith MD, Lipsky J, Pe\u00f1a BM. Development and evaluation of an abridged, 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) as a diagnostic tool for erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res 1999;11:319\u2013326.","journal-title":"Int J Impot Res"},{"key":"4142_CR6","first-page":"751","volume":"22","author":"MJ Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang MJ, Chang DG, He ZJ, Zhou SH, Lyu BD, Xing JP, et al. Guidelines for integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine diagnosis and treatment of erectile dysfunction (trial version). Natl J Androl (Chin) 2016;22:751\u2013757.","journal-title":"Natl J Androl (Chin)"},{"key":"4142_CR7","first-page":"371","volume-title":"Guidelines for clinical research of traditional Chinese medicine new drugs (trial)","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zheng XY, ed. Guidelines for clinical research of traditional Chinese medicine new drugs (trial). Beijing: China Medical Science Press; 2002:371."},{"key":"4142_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2016.02.166","volume":"13","author":"I Goldstein","year":"2016","unstructured":"Goldstein I, Tseng LJ, Creanga D, Stecher V, Kaminetsky JC. Efficacy and safety of sildenafil by age in men with erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med 2016;13:852\u2013859.","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"4142_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S25","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijir.3900970","volume":"15","author":"IP Levinson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Levinson IP, Khalaf IM, Shaeer KZ, Smart DO. Efficacy and safety of sildenafil citrate (Viagra) for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in men in Egypt and South Africa. Int J Impot Res 2003;15:S25\u2013S29.","journal-title":"Int J Impot Res"},{"key":"4142_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1636","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.13280","volume":"83","author":"TA Althunian","year":"2017","unstructured":"Althunian TA, de Boer A, Groenwold RHH, Klungel OH. Defining the noninferiority margin and analysing noninferiority: an overview. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2017;83:1636\u20131642.","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"4142_CR11","first-page":"114","volume":"54","author":"WT Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen WT, Gong BZ, Zhou WB, Hong ZM, Zeng YL. Clinical study on Shugan Jieyu Prescription for erectile dysfunction of liver depression and qi stagnation type. New Chin Med (Chin) 2022;54:114\u2013117.","journal-title":"New Chin Med (Chin)"},{"key":"4142_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.13420","volume":"11","author":"HR Wu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wu HR, Gao ZZ, Dai D, Liu X, Fang YN, Chen XM, et al. Efficacy and safety assessment of traditional Chinese medicine for erectile dysfunction: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. Andrology 2023;11:1345\u20131367.","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"key":"4142_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2005.00147.x","volume":"2","author":"I Goldstein","year":"2005","unstructured":"Goldstein I, Fisher WA, Sand M, Rosen RC, Mollen M, Brock G, et al. Women\u2019s sexual function improves when partners are administered vardenafil for erectile dysfunction: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Sex Med 2005;2:819\u2013832.","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"4142_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-020-0433-9","volume":"19","author":"Y Fan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fan Y, Pedersen O. Gut microbiota in human metabolic health and disease. Nat Rev Microbiol 2021;19:55\u201371.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"4142_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1093\/sxmrev\/qeae049","volume":"12","author":"Q Su","year":"2024","unstructured":"Su Q, Tang Q, Ma C, Wang K. Advances in the study of the relationship between gut microbiota and erectile dysfunction. Sex Med Rev 2024;12:664\u2013669.","journal-title":"Sex Med Rev"},{"key":"4142_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-020-02443-9","volume":"52","author":"T Okamoto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Okamoto T, Hatakeyama S, Imai A, Yamamoto H, Yoneyama T, Mori K, et al. The association between gut microbiome and erectile dysfunction: a community-based cross-sectional study in Japan. Int Urol Nephrol 2020;52:1421\u20131428.","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"4142_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.5534\/wjmh.230337","volume":"43","author":"ZN Xu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Xu ZN, Wang SR, Liu CX, Kang JQ, Pan Y, Zhang ZX, et al. The role of gut microbiota in male erectile dysfunction of rats. World J Mens Health 2025;43:213\u2013227.","journal-title":"World J Mens Health"},{"key":"4142_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4412","DOI":"10.21037\/tau-21-915","volume":"10","author":"Q Geng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Geng Q, Chen SF, Sun Y, Zhao Y, Li Z, Wang F, et al. Correlation between gut microbiota diversity and psychogenic erectile dysfunction. Transl Androl Urol 2021;10:4412\u20134421.","journal-title":"Transl Androl Urol"},{"key":"4142_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8040573","volume":"8","author":"M Vacca","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vacca M, Celano G, Calabrese FM, Portincasa P, Gobbetti M, De Angelis M. The controversial role of human gut Lachnospiraceae. Microorganisms 2020;8:573.","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"23","key":"4142_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23020927","volume":"15","author":"G Civieri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Civieri G, Iop L, Tona F. Antibodies against angiotensin II type 1 and endothelin 1 type A receptors in cardiovascular pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2022;15;23:927.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4142_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2228045","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2023.2228045","volume":"15","author":"WY Xu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu WY, Yu JQ, Yang YN, Li ZY, Zhang YH, Zhang F, et al. Strain-level screening of human gut microbes identifies Blautia producta as a new anti-hyperlipidemic probiotic. Gut Microbes 2023;15:2228045.","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"4142_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.15678","volume":"133","author":"A Munir","year":"2022","unstructured":"Munir A, Javed GA, Javed S, Arshad N. Levilactobacillus brevis from carnivores can ameliorate hypercholesterolemia: In vitro and in vivo mechanistic evidence. J Appl Microbiol 2022;133:1725\u20131742.","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"4142_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1111\/1348-0421.13014","volume":"66","author":"S Kishida","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kishida S, Kato-Mori Y, Okamoto M, Hagiwara K. Anti-inflammatory effect a specific Lactiplantibacillus plantarum in an ovalbumin-induced asthma model. Microbiol Immunol 2022;66:442\u2013452.","journal-title":"Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"4142_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-024-03609-3","volume":"22","author":"WD Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang WD, Fang JF, Zhai JC, Qiu C, Liang ZK, Liu QH, et al. IL-17A exacerbates corpus cavernosum fibrosis and neurogenic erectile dysfunction by inducing CSMC senescence via the mTORC2-ACACA pathway. BMC Med 2024;22:376.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"4142_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.13586","volume":"12","author":"B Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li B, Hu P, Liu K, Xu W, Wang J, Li Q, et al. MiRNA-100 ameliorates diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction by modulating autophagy, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic effects. Andrology 2024;12:1280\u20131293.","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"key":"4142_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2802","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-05249-7","volume":"9","author":"JM Natividad","year":"2018","unstructured":"Natividad JM, Lamas B, Pham HP, Michel ML, Rainteau D, Bridonneau C, et al. Bilophila wadsworthia aggravates high fat diet induced metabolic dysfunctions in mice. Nat Commun 2018;9:2802.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"4142_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1007\/s11655-022-3728-z","volume":"29","author":"H Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang H, Feng CH, He S, Deng MX, Meng H, Chen M, et al. Leech-Centipede Granules suppress EndMT to improve erectile dysfunction in rats with diabetes mellitus via TGF-\u03b2\/Smad pathway. Chin J Integr Med 2023;29:28\u201336.","journal-title":"Chin J Integr Med"},{"key":"4142_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13194","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.13194","volume":"55","author":"Y Yuan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yuan Y, Yang J, Zhuge AX, Li LJ, Ni S. Gut microbiota modulates osteoclast glutathione synthesis and mitochondrial biogenesis in mice subjected to ovariectomy. Cell Prolif 2022;55:e13194.","journal-title":"Cell Prolif"},{"key":"4142_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5020917","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/5020917","volume":"2024","author":"HD Zou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zou HD, Chen WK, Hu BF, Liu HF, Zhao JY. Testis-gut-reproduction axis: the key to reproductive health. Andrologia 2024;2024:5020917.","journal-title":"Andrologia"}],"container-title":["Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11655-025-4142-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11655-025-4142-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11655-025-4142-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T13:23:13Z","timestamp":1769606593000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11655-025-4142-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["4142"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11655-025-4142-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1672-0415","1993-0402"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1672-0415","type":"print"},{"value":"1993-0402","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 June 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 September 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All authors declare that they have no any conflict of interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}}]}}