{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T09:07:19Z","timestamp":1754557639977},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,7]],"date-time":"2018-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538870400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Osteoporos"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-018-0477-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,6]],"date-time":"2018-10-06T23:02:30Z","timestamp":1538866950000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Plain radiograghs of lumbar spine in patients with low back pain"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ngozi R.","family":"Njeze","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salome N.","family":"Ezeofor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olanike R.","family":"Agwu-Umahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"477_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Davis ED & Richardson SP. Fundamentals of neurologic disease. 2nd Ed, Springer, 2015. Doi https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4939-2359-5","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-2359-5"},{"issue":"4","key":"477_CR2","first-page":"437","volume":"84","author":"C Roger","year":"2011","unstructured":"Roger C (2011) Clinical evidence handbook: low back pain (chronic). Am Fam Physican 84(4):437\u2013438","journal-title":"Am Fam Physican"},{"issue":"1","key":"477_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.4103\/0300-1652.80073","volume":"52","author":"BOE Igbinedion","year":"2011","unstructured":"Igbinedion BOE, Akhigbe A (2011) Correlations of radiographic findings in patients with low back pain. Niger Med J 52(1):28\u201334","journal-title":"Niger Med J"},{"issue":"1","key":"477_CR4","first-page":"336","volume":"4","author":"EK Kiridi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kiridi EK, Dambo ND, Maduforo GOC (2016) Radiographic findings in patients with low back pain in Yenagoa, Nigeria. Gizette Med 4(1):336\u2013340","journal-title":"Gizette Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"477_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546503261721","volume":"32","author":"AH Iwamoto Jun","year":"2004","unstructured":"Iwamoto Jun AH, Tsukimura Y, Wakano K (2004) Relationship between radiographic abnormalities of lumbar spine and incidence of low back pain in high school and college football players. AM J Sports Med 32(3):781\u2013786","journal-title":"AM J Sports Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"477_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-198607000-00007","volume":"79","author":"DM Kaplan","year":"1986","unstructured":"Kaplan DM, Knapp M, Romm FJ, Velez R (1986) Low back pain and x-ray films of the lumbar spine: a prospective study in primary care. South Med J 79(7):811\u2013814","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"477_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-012-0305-z","volume":"15","author":"AP Goode","year":"2013","unstructured":"Goode AP, Carey TS, Jordan JM (2013) Low back pain and lumbar spine osteoarthritis: how are they related? Curr Rheumatol Rep 15(2):305","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"477_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.3126\/ajms.v4i2.6470","volume":"4","author":"F Uduma","year":"2013","unstructured":"Uduma F, Nottidge T, Eduwem D (2013) Roentgenological appraisal of low back pain in Uyo, Nigeria. Asian J Med Sci 4(2):15\u201322","journal-title":"Asian J Med Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"477_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.27.6.1491","volume":"27","author":"R Smith-Bindman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Smith-Bindman R, Miglioretti DL, Larson EB (2008) Rising use of diagnostic medical imaging in a large integrated health system. Health Aff (Millwood) 27(6):1491\u20131502","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"issue":"3","key":"477_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2008.543","volume":"169","author":"JK Freburger","year":"2009","unstructured":"Freburger JK, Holmes GM, Agans RP, Jackman AM, Darter JD, Wallace AS, Castel LD, Kalsbeek WD, Carey TS (2009) The rising prevalence of low back pain. Arch Intern Med 169(3):251\u2013258","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"477_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1249\/00149619-200202000-00009","volume":"1","author":"PG Gerbino","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gerbino PG, d\u2019Hemecourt PA (2002) Does football cause an increase in degenerative disease of the lumbar spine? Curr Sports Med Rep 1(1):47\u201351","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"key":"477_CR12","unstructured":"Piez DM, Haddad RG Radiologic investigation of low back pain. CMAJ1989 140:289\u2013295"},{"issue":"2","key":"477_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2002.13.2.2","volume":"13","author":"MD Martin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Martin MD, Boxell CM, Malone DG (2002) Pathophysiology of lumbar disc degeneration; a review of the literature. Neurosurg Focus 13(2):1\u20136","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"477_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196244020-00003","volume":"44","author":"H Nathan","year":"1962","unstructured":"Nathan H (1962) Osteophytes of the vertebral column. J Bone Joint Surg Am 44:243\u2013268","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"477_CR15","first-page":"842","volume":"26","author":"TW O\u2019Neill","year":"1999","unstructured":"O\u2019Neill TW, McCloskey EV, Kannis JA et al (1999) The distribution, determinants and clinical correlates of vertebral osteophytosis: a population based survey. J Rheumatol 26(4):842\u2013848","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"477_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.legalmed.2006.01.001","volume":"8","author":"S Watanabe","year":"2006","unstructured":"Watanabe S, Terazawa K (2006) Age estimation from the degree of osteophyte. Legal Med 8:156\u2013160","journal-title":"Legal Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"477_CR17","first-page":"753","volume":"31","author":"SR Pye","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pye SR, Reid DM, Smith R, Adams JE, Nelson K, Silman AJ, O\u2019Neill TW (2004) Radiographic features of lumbar disc degeneration and self reported back pain. J Rheumatol 31(4):753\u2013758","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"477_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1097\/00115550-199924040-00012","volume":"24","author":"TJ Lamer","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lamer TJ (1999) Lumbar spine pain originating from vertebral osteophytes. Reg Anaesth Pain Med 24(4):347\u2013351","journal-title":"Reg Anaesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"477_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.2298\/MPNS0610456J","volume":"59","author":"S Jandric","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jandric S, Antic B (2006) Low back pain and degenerative disease. Med Pregl 59(9\u201310):456\u2013461","journal-title":"Med Pregl"},{"key":"477_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198466070-00011","volume":"66","author":"JW Fryomoyer","year":"1984","unstructured":"Fryomoyer JW, Newberg A, Wilder DG, Clements J, Macpherson B (1984) Spine radiographs in patients with low back pain. An Epidermiological Study In Men J Bone Joint Surg Am 66:1048\u20131055","journal-title":"An Epidermiological Study In Men J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"477_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-004-0079-z","volume":"6","author":"D Borenstein","year":"2004","unstructured":"Borenstein D (2004) Does osteoarthritis of the lumbar spine cause chronic low back pain. Curr Rheumatol Rep 6(1):14\u201319","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"477_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181aa5b33","volume":"35","author":"EI Schepper de","year":"2010","unstructured":"de Schepper EI, Damen J, Van Neurs JB, Ginai AZ (2010) Association between lumbar disc degeneration and low back pain: the influence of age, gender, and individual radiographic features. Spine 35(5):531\u2013536","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"477_CR23","first-page":"S1","volume":"17","author":"E Wada","year":"1992","unstructured":"Wada E, Ebara S, Saita S, Ono K (1992) Experimental spondylosis in rabbit spine. Overuse could accelerate the spondylosis. Spine 17:S1\u2013S6","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"477_CR24","unstructured":"Low back pain fact sheet. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Available at https:\/\/www.ninds.nih.gov\/Disorders\/Patient-Caregiver-Education\/Fact-Sheets\/Low-Back-Pain-Fact-Sheet . Retrieved 3\/12\/ 2017"},{"key":"477_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.8105.2","volume":"5","author":"Massimo Allegri","year":"2016","unstructured":"Allegri M, Salisi F, Valent A, Marchesini M, Compagnon C, Baciarello M, Elena M,\u2026Faelli G. Mechanisms of low back pain: a guide for diagnosis and therapy. F1000Res 2016;5: F1000 Faculty Rev-1530","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"key":"477_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-016-0440-0","volume":"17","author":"AE Thompson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Thompson AE, Anisimowicz Y, Miedema B, Hogg W, Wodchis WP, Aubrey-Bassler K (2016) The influence of gender and other patient characteristics on health care-seeking behaviour: a QUALICOPC study. BMC Fam Pract 17:38. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12875-016-0440-0","journal-title":"BMC Fam Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"477_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2007.12.003","volume":"22","author":"SM Rubistein","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rubistein SM, van Tulder M (2008) A best-evidence review of diagnostic procedures for neck and low-back pain. Best Practice Res Clinical Rheumatology 22(3):471\u2013482","journal-title":"Best Practice Res Clinical Rheumatology"},{"key":"477_CR28","first-page":"119","volume":"10","author":"FO Okpala","year":"2017","unstructured":"Okpala FO (2017) Radiographic lumbar spondylosis; gender and age group prevalence in Nigeria. Annal Trop Med Public Health 10:119\u2013204","journal-title":"Annal Trop Med Public Health"},{"key":"477_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.166.3.3340781","volume":"166","author":"D Pate","year":"1988","unstructured":"Pate D, Goobar J, Resnik D, Haghighi P, Sanoris DJ, Pathria MN (1988) Traction osteophytes of the lumbar spine: radiographic pathologic correlation. Radiology 166:843\u2013848","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"477_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.176.5.1761161","volume":"176","author":"B Stallenberg","year":"2001","unstructured":"Stallenberg B, Madani BF, Gevenois P (2001) The vaccum phenomenon. Am J Roentgenol 176(5):1161\u20131164","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"477_CR31","unstructured":"Ucar D, Ucar BY,Casar Y, Emrem K, Gumussuyu G, Muth S, Muth B, et al. Retrospective cohort study of the prevalence of lumbosacral transitional vertebra in a wide and well-represented"},{"issue":"3","key":"477_CR32","first-page":"135","volume":"10","author":"A Magora","year":"1978","unstructured":"Magora A, Schwartz A (1978) Relation between the low back pain syndrome and X-ray findings. Transitional vertebra (mainly sacralization). Scandinavian Journ Rehabil Med 10(3):135\u2013145","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journ Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"477_CR33","first-page":"17","volume":"1","author":"DA Olarenwaju","year":"1994","unstructured":"Olarenwaju DA (1994) Congenital abnormalities of the lumbosacral spine incidence and significance in adolescent Nigerians. Nigerian Postgrad Med Journ 1(3):17\u201321","journal-title":"Nigerian Postgrad Med Journ"}],"container-title":["Archives of Osteoporosis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11657-018-0477-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11657-018-0477-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11657-018-0477-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T03:23:42Z","timestamp":1720668222000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11657-018-0477-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,7]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["477"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11657-018-0477-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1862-3522","1862-3514"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1862-3522","type":"print"},{"value":"1862-3514","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 January 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 May 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 October 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"We obtained ethical clearance from the ethical committee of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku Ozalla, Enugu Nigeria.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"None.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}}],"article-number":"104"}}