{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:34:02Z","timestamp":1792784042774,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754092800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754092800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["243852"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["243852"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007137","name":"Helse Nord RHF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["14083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14083"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007137","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Vestre Viken","award":["1903007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1903007"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03wgsrq67","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Vestre Viken Hospital Trust","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03wgsrq67","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Osteoporos"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We externally validated the FRISBEE models of 2-year and 5-year fracture risk prediction in 517 women with index fractures. Both models overestimated the fracture risk. Recalibration of the FRISBEE models are needed before use in Norwegian women with recent fractures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We externally validated the Fracture Risk Brussels Epidemiological Enquiry (FRISBEE) groups\u2019 2-year and 5-year fracture risk models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included women above 50\u00a0years with a recent fracture from the consent-based part of the Norwegian Capture the Fracture Initiative study (NoFRACT). They had bone mineral density assessed and filled in a questionnaire including risk factors for fracture at baseline between October 2015 and December 2017. We calculated and validated the 2-year and 5-year fracture risk using the FRISBEE equation models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 517 women aged 65.5\u2009\u00b1\u20098.6\u00a0years with fractures, 94 (18%), 55 (11%), and 31 (6%) sustained a subsequent fracture of any type, major osteoporotic fractures (MOF), or central fracture, during 4.7\u2009\u00b1\u20091.3\u00a0years mean follow-up. The area under the receiver-operating curve (AUC) (95% confidence interval (CI)) for any type of fracture, MOF, and central fracture was 0.57 (0.51\u20130.63), 0.57 (0.46\u20130.67), and 0.65 (0.53\u20130.77), respectively, for the FRISBEE 2-year risk models and 0.57 (0.51\u20130.64), 0.58 (0.50\u20130.67), and 0.67 (0.57\u20130.76) for the FRISBEE 5-year risk models. The calibration slopes (with 95% CI) that compared observed vs. predicted probabilities for fracture across deciles of risk for any type of fracture, MOF, and central fracture were all low: 0.34 (0.02\u20130.64), 0.33 (\u2212\u20090.09\u20130.74), and 0.61 (0.16\u20131.06), in the FRISBEE 2-year models, and 0.54 (0.13\u20130.95), 0.43 (0.05\u20130.80), and 0.69 (0.31\u20131.08), in the FRISBEE 5-year models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, the FRISBEE models overestimated both 2-year and 5-year fracture risk. Recalibration is needed before these models can be used in Norwegian women with recent fractures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-025-01516-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T00:51:21Z","timestamp":1754095881000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["External validation of FRISBEE 2-year and 5-year fracture prediction models in a fracture liaison service cohort"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5012-0903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tove T.","family":"Borgen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9050-2968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cathrine","family":"Brunborg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4811-669X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frede","family":"Frihagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8705-5033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lene B.","family":"Solberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8005-6869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camilla","family":"Andreasen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8201-9818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wender","family":"Figved","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3821-8008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ellen M.","family":"Apalset","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8490-268X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan-Erik","family":"Gjertsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8045-2610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trude","family":"Basso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3512-2414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jens-Meinhard","family":"Stutzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4642-5787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars","family":"Nordsletten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5945-722X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erik F.","family":"Eriksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3123-2950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c5shild","family":"Bj\u00f8rnerem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1516_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-018-4704-5","volume":"30","author":"JA Kanis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kanis JA, Cooper C, Rizzoli R, Reginster JY, Scientific Advisory Board of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis (ESCEO), the Committees of Scientific Advisors and National Societies of the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) (2019) European guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 30(1):3\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-018-4704-5","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"1516_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2019-00221","volume":"104","author":"R Eastell","year":"2019","unstructured":"Eastell R, Rosen CJ, Black DM, Cheung AM, Murad MH, Shoback D (2019) Pharmacological management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: an endocrine society* Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 104(5):1595\u20131622. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2019-00221","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"1516_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-007-0343-y","volume":"18","author":"JA Kanis","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kanis JA, Oden A, Johnell O et al (2007) The use of clinical risk factors enhances the performance of BMD in the prediction of hip and osteoporotic fractures in men and women. Osteoporos Int 18(8):1033\u20131046. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-007-0343-y","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"10","key":"1516_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-008-0588-0","volume":"19","author":"ND Nguyen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nguyen ND, Frost SA, Center JR, Eisman JA, Nguyen TV (2008) Development of prognostic nomograms for individualizing 5-year and 10-year fracture risks. Osteoporos Int 19(10):1431\u20131444. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-008-0588-0","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"1516_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-007-0543-5","volume":"19","author":"JA Kanis","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kanis JA, Johnell O, Oden A, Johansson H, McCloskey E (2008) FRAX and the assessment of fracture probability in men and women from the UK. Osteoporos Int 19(4):385\u2013397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-007-0543-5","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"1516_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2438","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgac092","volume":"107","author":"F Baleanu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Baleanu F, Moreau M, Charles A et al (2022) Fragility fractures in postmenopausal women: development of 5-year prediction models using the FRISBEE study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 107(6):e2438\u2013e2448. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgac092","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"1516_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-017-3976-5","volume":"28","author":"C Roux","year":"2017","unstructured":"Roux C, Briot K (2017) Imminent fracture risk. Osteoporos Int 28(6):1765\u20131769. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-017-3976-5","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"1516_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-016-3868-0","volume":"28","author":"H Johansson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Johansson H, Siggeirsdottir K, Harvey NC et al (2017) Imminent risk of fracture after fracture. Osteoporos Int 28(3):775\u2013780. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-016-3868-0","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"1516_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-023-02219-9","volume":"47","author":"M Schini","year":"2024","unstructured":"Schini M, Johansson H, Harvey NC, Lorentzon M, Kanis JA, McCloskey EV (2024) An overview of the use of the fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) in osteoporosis. J Endocrinol Invest 47(3):501\u2013511. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40618-023-02219-9","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"issue":"1","key":"1516_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4432","volume":"37","author":"L Iconaru","year":"2022","unstructured":"Iconaru L, Charles A, Baleanu F et al (2022) Prediction of an imminent fracture after an index fracture - models derived from the frisbee cohort. J Bone Miner Res 37(1):59\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbmr.4432","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"1516_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-020-05772-8","volume":"32","author":"L Iconaru","year":"2021","unstructured":"Iconaru L, Moreau M, Baleanu F et al (2021) Risk factors for imminent fractures: a substudy of the FRISBEE cohort. Osteoporos Int 32(6):1093\u20131101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-020-05772-8","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"1516_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-022-01205-7","volume":"18","author":"A Agarwal","year":"2022","unstructured":"Agarwal A, Baleanu F, Moreau M et al (2022) External validation of FRISBEE 5-year fracture prediction models: a registry-based cohort study. Arch Osteoporos 18(1):13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11657-022-01205-7","journal-title":"Arch Osteoporos"},{"issue":"8","key":"1516_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e185701","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.5701","volume":"1","author":"C Andreasen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Andreasen C, Solberg LB, Basso T et al (2018) Effect of a fracture liaison service on the rate of subsequent fracture among patients with a fragility fracture in the Norwegian capture the fracture initiative (NoFRACT): a trial protocol. JAMA Netw Open 1(8):e185701. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.5701","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"1516_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2019.02.008","volume":"122","author":"TT Borgen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Borgen TT, Bjornerem A, Solberg LB et al (2019) High prevalence of vertebral fractures and low trabecular bone score in patients with fragility fractures: a cross-sectional sub-study of NoFRACT. Bone 122:14\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bone.2019.02.008","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"7","key":"1516_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-009-1062-3","volume":"21","author":"B Fan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fan B, Lu Y, Genant H, Fuerst T, Shepherd J (2010) Does standardized BMD still remove differences between Hologic and GE-Lunar state-of-the-art DXA systems? Osteoporos Int 21(7):1227\u20131236. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-009-1062-3","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"446","key":"1516_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1999.10474144","volume":"94","author":"JP Fine","year":"1999","unstructured":"Fine JP (1999) A proportional for the subdistribution of a competing risk. J Am Statlist Assoc 94(446):496\u2013509","journal-title":"J Am Statlist Assoc"},{"key":"1516_CR17","unstructured":"Hosmer Jr DWL, Sturdivant S, RX (2019) Applied logistic regression. Chapter 5.2.4, Wiley Ser Probab Statistics, p 173"},{"issue":"1","key":"1516_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.131813","volume":"70","author":"TA van Geel","year":"2011","unstructured":"van Geel TA, Nguyen ND, Geusens PP et al (2011) Development of a simple prognostic nomogram for individualising 5-year and 10-year absolute risks of fracture: a population-based prospective study among postmenopausal women. Ann Rheum Dis 70(1):92\u201397","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"1516_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2557","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-017-4091-3","volume":"28","author":"WD Leslie","year":"2017","unstructured":"Leslie WD, Majumdar SR, Morin SN et al (2017) FRAX for fracture prediction shorter and longer than 10 years: the Manitoba BMD registry. Osteoporos Int 28(9):2557\u20132564","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"1516_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-013-0136-1","volume":"8","author":"E Hernlund","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hernlund E, Svedbom A, Ivergard M et al (2013) Osteoporosis in the European Union: medical management, epidemiology and economic burden. A report prepared in collaboration with the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) and the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industry Associations (EFPIA). Arch Osteoporos 8:136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11657-013-0136-1","journal-title":"Arch Osteoporos"},{"issue":"11","key":"1516_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4118","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.11.6953","volume":"85","author":"DM Black","year":"2000","unstructured":"Black DM, Thompson DE, Bauer DC et al (2000) Fracture risk reduction with alendronate in women with osteoporosis: the fracture intervention trial. FIT Research Group. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85(11):4118\u20134124. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jcem.85.11.6953","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"18","key":"1516_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa067312","volume":"356","author":"DM Black","year":"2007","unstructured":"Black DM, Delmas PD, Eastell R et al (2007) Once-yearly zoledronic acid for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 356(18):1809\u20131822. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa067312","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"1516_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0809493","volume":"361","author":"SR Cummings","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cummings SR, San Martin J, McClung MR et al (2009) Denosumab for prevention of fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 361(8):756\u2013765. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa0809493","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7041","key":"1516_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.312.7041.1254","volume":"312","author":"DJO Marshall","year":"1996","unstructured":"Marshall DJO, Wedel H (1996) Meta-analysis of how well measures of bone mineral density predict occurrence of osteoporotic fractures. BMJ 312(7041):1254\u20131259","journal-title":"BMJ"}],"container-title":["Archives of Osteoporosis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11657-025-01516-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11657-025-01516-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11657-025-01516-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T21:16:34Z","timestamp":1766524594000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11657-025-01516-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1516"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11657-025-01516-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1862-3514"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1862-3514","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 August 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 February 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 August 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Cathrine Brunborg, Camilla Andreasen, Ellen M. Apalset, Trude Basso, and \u00c5shild Bj\u00f8rnerem declare that they have no conflict of interest. Tove T. Borgen has received speaker\u2019s fee from Amgen, UCB, Pharma Prim, and Roche Diagnostics. Frede Frihagen has received speaker fees from UCB and Amgen.\u00a0Lene B. Solberg has received speaker\u2019s fee from Eli Lilly, Amgen, and UCB. Wender Figved has received speaker fees from Ortomedic AS and Zimmer Biomet. Jan-Erik Gjertsen has received speaker fees from Ortomedic AS, Heraeus Medical, Smith and Nephew, and LINK Norway. Jens-Meinhard Stutzer has received speaker fees from BSN Medical. Lars Nordsletten has received speaker fees from Novartis, Eli Lilly, and Ortomedic AS. Erik F. Eriksen has received speaker fees from Novartis, Eli Lilly, Amgen, MSD, EffRx, IDS, and Shire.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"107"}}