{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T19:50:20Z","timestamp":1778356220920,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001381","name":"National Research Foundation Singapore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Future Health Technologies Programme"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Future Health Technologies Programme"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001381","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Osteoporos"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                      -scores alone are inadequate for identifying hip fracture risk. Incorporating FRAX-HFP scores and femoral strength improves risk assessment. Tailored interventions are needed for different ethnicities, with a focus on females due to higher fracture risk. Sex-specific thresholds and targeted prevention strategies are essential for effective fracture prevention.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We investigated the age-related trajectories of areal bone mineral density (aBMD), fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX)\u2013based 10-year probability of hip fracture (FRAX-HFP), trochanteric soft tissue thickness (TSTT), and femoral strength in a multi-ethnic cohort of community-dwelling older adults in Singapore. We also examined the relationship between FRAX-HFP and femoral strength.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans were conducted for Singaporean older adults (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092235), enrolled in the Population Health and Eye Disease Profile in Elderly Singaporeans (PIONEER) study. aBMD and FRAX-HFP were recorded for the subjects. TSTT was derived from whole-body DXA scans. Femoral strength was derived from DXA-based 3D finite element models. Age-related trajectories were compared for three major ethnicities in Singapore. The relationship between FRAX-HFP and femoral strength was examined.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 2204 older adults (1224 females (73.71\u2009\u00b1\u20098.37\u00a0years), 980 males (73.45\u2009\u00b1\u20098.34\u00a0years)). Age-related trajectories for aBMD, FRAX-HFP, TSTT, and femoral strength indicated that Chinese ethnicity is at high risk for fracture, compared to Indians and Malays. Separately, FRAX-HFP identified 16% of males and 27% of females, and femoral strength identified 3% of males and 1% of females at risk. Both FRAX-HFP score and femoral strength identified 24% of males and 35% of females at risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Age-related trajectories for aBMD, FRAX-HFP, TSTT, and femoral strength were found to be consistent with the hip fracture trends in Singapore. FRAX-HFP and femoral strength identified different individuals at risk, indicating that each, either alone or combined with aBMD, could improve the ability to assess hip fracture risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-025-01617-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T06:43:40Z","timestamp":1762238620000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Relationship between areal BMD, FRAX\u00ae, and femoral strength in community-dwelling older Asian adults"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Dheeraj","family":"Jha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manju","family":"Chandran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dario","family":"Koller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vee San","family":"Cheong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anitha D.","family":"Praveen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Preeti","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ecosse L.","family":"Lamoureux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Halld\u00f3r","family":"P\u00e1lsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Ferguson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benedikt","family":"Helgason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"1617_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glt092","volume":"68","author":"KE Ensrud","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ensrud KE (2013) Epidemiology of fracture risk with advancing age. 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