{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T18:20:26Z","timestamp":1787941226543,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016626","name":"Japanese Orthopaedic Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023\u20132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023\u20132"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016626","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21K16655"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21K16655"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24K19617"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24K19617"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004206","name":"The University of Osaka","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004206","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Osteoporos"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\n                      <jats:italic>Summary<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Osteoporosis in patients awaiting total hip arthroplasty remains undiagnosed. Although hip radiographic indices have been proposed for screening, they have not been compared. We compared the diagnostic accuracy of eight indices for osteoporosis. The canal\u2013bone ratio measured 7\u00a0cm below the lesser trochanter may be a useful screening tool.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Osteoporosis increases the risk of perioperative and postoperative fractures in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, osteoporosis remains undiagnosed and untreated preoperatively. Several indices measured on hip anteroposterior radiographs have been proposed to screen for osteoporosis. Nevertheless, few studies have compared these indices, necessitating investigations to identify a practical and effective radiographic index.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Osteoporosis prevalence was assessed in 317 female patients who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry before primary THA. The screening performance of eight radiographic indices was evaluated using anteroposterior hip radiographs for patients without previous diagnosis or treatment of osteoporosis: canal flare index (CFI), morphological cortical index (MCI), canal\u2013bone ratio (CBR) at 2, 7, and 10\u00a0cm below the lesser trochanter and canal\u2013bone area ratio (CBAR) measured at 2\u20137, 2\u201310, and 7\u201310\u00a0cm segments. Receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed, and the areas under the curve (AUCs) were calculated and compared among indices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Osteoporosis was identified in 129 patients (40.7%), of whom only 48 (37.2%) received treatment. The highest AUC values were observed for CBAR2\u20137 (0.801), CBAR7\u201310 (0.798), and CBR7 (0.798), followed by CBAR2\u201310 (0.785), CBR10 (0.766), CBR2 (0.740), CFI (0.696), and MCI (0.654). CBAR and CBR7 exhibited higher screening accuracy than other indices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The osteoporosis prevalence and treatment rates were 40.7% and 37.2%, respectively. Among the radiographic indices, CBR7 and CBARs demonstrated favorable screening performance, with CBR7 offering comparable accuracy and greater simplicity. CBR7 may serve as a practical and efficient screening tool for osteoporosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-026-01760-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T05:59:24Z","timestamp":1787896764000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hip anteroposterior radiographic indices for effective osteoporosis screening in female patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Ryo","family":"Higuchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9245-1743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keisuke","family":"Uemura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoki","family":"Asano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sotaro","family":"Kono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirokazu","family":"Mae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuro","family":"Tani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuma","family":"Takashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryota","family":"Nakaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasunori","family":"Okamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsuya","family":"Nakata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seiji","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidetoshi","family":"Hamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"1760_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.00206","volume":"95","author":"AM Weinstein","year":"2013","unstructured":"Weinstein AM, Rome BN, Reichmann WM et al (2013) Estimating the burden of total knee replacement in the United States. J Bone Joint Surg Am 95:385\u2013392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/JBJS.L.00206","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"1760_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2606","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-009-0834-6","volume":"467","author":"SM Kurtz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kurtz SM, Lau E, Ong K et al (2009) Future young patient demand for primary and revision joint replacement: national projections from 2010 to 2030. Clin Orthop 467:2606\u20132612. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-009-0834-6","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"1760_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-022-01352-4","volume":"40","author":"N Yoshimura","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yoshimura N, Iidaka T, Horii C et al (2022) Trends in osteoporosis prevalence over a 10-year period in Japan: the ROAD study 2005-2015. J Bone Miner Metab 40:829\u2013838. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00774-022-01352-4","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab"},{"key":"1760_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-025-00922-5","volume":"23","author":"J Bauer","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bauer J, Duero J, Lindsay A (2025) The role of osteoporosis in total hip arthroplasty periprosthetic fractures and current management strategies: a review. Curr Osteoporos Rep 23:29. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11914-025-00922-5","journal-title":"Curr Osteoporos Rep"},{"key":"1760_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.02.004","volume":"34","author":"BD Springer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Springer BD, Etkin CD, Shores PB et al (2019) Perioperative periprosthetic femur fractures are strongly correlated with fixation method: an analysis from the American Joint Replacement Registry. J Arthroplasty 34:S352\u2013S354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2019.02.004","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"1760_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.03.044","volume":"34","author":"JT Bernatz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bernatz JT, Brooks AE, Squire MW et al (2019) Osteoporosis is common and undertreated prior to total joint arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 34:1347\u20131353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2019.03.044","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"1760_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-021-05881-y","volume":"32","author":"MM Delsmann","year":"2021","unstructured":"Delsmann MM, Strahl A, M\u00fchlenfeld M et al (2021) High prevalence and undertreatment of osteoporosis in elderly patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. Osteoporos Int 32:1661\u20131668. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-021-05881-y","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"1760_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.1112.BJR-2022-0252.R1","volume":"11","author":"N Watanabe","year":"2022","unstructured":"Watanabe N, Miyatake K, Takada R et al (2022) The prevalence and treatment of osteoporosis in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty and the levels of biochemical markers of bone turnover. Bone Jt Res 11:873\u2013880. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/2046-3758.1112.BJR-2022-0252.R1","journal-title":"Bone Jt Res"},{"key":"1760_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1590\/1413-78522015230100981","volume":"23","author":"VR Domingues","year":"2015","unstructured":"Domingues VR, Campos GC, Plapler PG, Rezende MU (2015) Prevalence of osteoporosis in patients awaiting total hip arthroplasty. Acta Orthop Bras 23:24\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1413-78522015230100981","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Bras"},{"key":"1760_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2371","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200312000-00015","volume":"85","author":"J Glowacki","year":"2003","unstructured":"Glowacki J, Hurwitz S, Thornhill TS, Kelly M, LeBoff MS (2003) Osteoporosis and vitamin-D deficiency among postmenopausal women with osteoarthritis undergoing total hip arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg Am 85:2371\u20132377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/00004623-200312000-00015","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"1760_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-012-2074-y","volume":"24","author":"JA Kanis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kanis JA, McCloskey EV, Johansson H et al (2013) European guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 24:23\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-012-2074-y","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"1760_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-013-0447-8","volume":"31","author":"S Soen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Soen S, Fukunaga M, Sugimoto T et al (2013) Diagnostic criteria for primary osteoporosis: year 2012 revision. J Bone Miner Metab 31:247\u2013257. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00774-013-0447-8","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab"},{"key":"1760_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197052030-00005","volume":"52","author":"M Singh","year":"1970","unstructured":"Singh M, Nagrath AR, Maini PS (1970) Changes in trabecular pattern of the upper end of the femur as an index of osteoporosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 52:457","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"1760_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(93)90146-2","volume":"14","author":"LD Dorr","year":"1993","unstructured":"Dorr LD, Faugere M-C, Mackel AM et al (1993) Structural and cellular assessment of bone quality of proximal femur. Bone 14:231\u2013242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/8756-3282(93)90146-2","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"1760_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1097\/00013611-198610000-00007","volume":"1","author":"LD Dorr","year":"1986","unstructured":"Dorr LD (1986) Total hip replacement using APR system. Tech Orthop 1:22","journal-title":"Tech Orthop"},{"key":"1760_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198810000-00015","volume":"235","author":"PC Noble","year":"1988","unstructured":"Noble PC, Alexander JW, Lindahl LJ et al (1988) The anatomic basis of femoral component design. Clin Orthop Relat Res 235:148","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"1760_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/s0883-5403(05)80014-2","volume":"11","author":"JW Rosson","year":"1996","unstructured":"Rosson JW, Surowiak J, Schatzker J, Hearn T (1996) Radiographic appearance and structural properties of proximal femoral bone in total hip arthroplasty patients. J Arthroplasty 11(2):180\u2013183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0883-5403(05)80014-2","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"1760_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199507000-00006","author":"PC Noble","year":"1995","unstructured":"Noble PC, Box GG, Kamaric E et al (1995) The effect of aging on the shape of the proximal femur. Clin Orthop. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00003086-199507000-00006","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"1760_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2005.04.037","volume":"21","author":"Y Yeung","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yeung Y, Chiu KY, Yau WP et al (2006) Assessment of the proximal femoral morphology using plain radiograph-can it predict the bone quality? J Arthroplasty 21:508\u2013513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2005.04.037","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"1760_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-021-06231-8","volume":"33","author":"Y Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu Y, Ma W-J, Huang K et al (2022) Radiographic indexes in AP hip radiographs prior to total hip arthroplasty reveal candidates with low BMD. Osteoporos Int 33:871\u2013879. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-021-06231-8","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"1760_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2023.08.037","volume":"39","author":"J Faundez","year":"2024","unstructured":"Faundez J, Carmona M, Klaber I et al (2024) Radiographic assessment of bone quality using 4 radiographic indexes: canal diaphysis ratio is superior. J Arthroplasty 39:427\u2013432. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2023.08.037","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"1760_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19886","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-47247-w","volume":"13","author":"S Rohe","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rohe S, B\u00f6hle S, Matziolis G, Jacocb B, Brodt S (2023) Plain radiographic indices are reliable indicators for quantitative bone mineral density in male and female patients before total hip arthroplasty. Sci Rep 13:19886. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-023-47247-w","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1760_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2016.03.003","volume":"19","author":"EM Lewiecki","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lewiecki EM, Binkley N, Morgan SL et al (2016) Best practices for dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measurement and reporting: International Society for Clinical Densitometry Guidance. J Clin Densitom 19:127\u2013140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocd.2016.03.003","journal-title":"J Clin Densitom"},{"key":"1760_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.2307\/2531595","volume":"44","author":"ER DeLong","year":"1998","unstructured":"DeLong ER, DeLong DM, Clarke-Pearson DL (1998) Comparing the areas under two or more correlated receiver operating characteristic curves: a nonparametric approach. Biometrics 44:837. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2531595","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"1760_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.86.2.420","volume":"86","author":"PE Shrout","year":"1979","unstructured":"Shrout PE, Fleiss JL (1979) Intraclass correlations: uses in assessing rater reliability. Psychol Bull 86:420\u2013428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-2909.86.2.420","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"1760_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012","volume":"15","author":"TK Koo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Koo TK, Li MY (2016) A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research. J Chiropr Med 15:155\u2013163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012","journal-title":"J Chiropr Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"1760_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2049","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-021-05900-y","volume":"33","author":"MS LeBoff","year":"2022","unstructured":"LeBoff MS, Greenspan SL, Insogna KL et al (2022) The clinician\u2019s guide to prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int 33(10):2049\u20132102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-021-05900-y","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"1760_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.22038\/abjs.2020.44937.2226","volume":"8","author":"D Grevenstein","year":"2020","unstructured":"Grevenstein D, Vidovic B, Baltin C et al (2020) The proximal femoral bone geometry in plain radiographs. Arch Bone Jt Surg 8(6):675\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22038\/abjs.2020.44937.2226","journal-title":"Arch Bone Jt Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"1760_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1987","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59111987","volume":"59","author":"U B\u00f6keler","year":"2023","unstructured":"B\u00f6keler U, Lienner U, Vogeley N et al (2023) Value of proximal femur geometry in predicting occult hip fracture. Medicina (Kaunas) 59(11):1987. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina59111987","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"issue":"6","key":"1760_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1987","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-010-1406-z","volume":"22","author":"M Iki","year":"2011","unstructured":"Iki M, DongMei N, Tamaki J et al (2011) Age-specific reference values of hip geometric indices from a representative sample of the Japanese female population: Japanese Population-based Osteoporosis (JPOS) study. Osteoporos Int 22(6):1987\u20131996. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-010-1406-z","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"1760_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2010.11.007","volume":"48","author":"M Ito","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ito M, Nakata T, Nishida A, Uetani M (2011) Age-related changes in bone density, geometry and biomechanical properties of the proximal femur: CT-based 3D hip structure analysis in normal postmenopausal women. Bone 48(3):627\u2013630. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bone.2010.11.007","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"1760_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.4055\/cios.2018.10.2.149","volume":"10","author":"BN Nguyen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nguyen BN, Hoshino H, Togawa D, Matsuyama Y (2018) Cortical thickness index of the proximal femur: a radiographic parameter for preliminary assessment of bone mineral density and osteoporosis status in the age 50 years and over population. Clin Orthop Surg 10:149\u2013156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4055\/cios.2018.10.2.149","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"1760_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-25779-x","volume":"12","author":"C Hsieh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hsieh C, Zheng K, Lin C et al (2021) Automated bone mineral density prediction and fracture risk assessment using plain radiographs via deep learning. Nat Commun 12(1):5472. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-021-25779-x","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"1760_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102970","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2023.102970","volume":"90","author":"Y Gu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gu Y, Otake Y, Uemura K et al (2023) Bone mineral density estimation from a plain X-ray image by learning decomposition into projections of bone-segmented computed tomography. Med Image Anal 90:102970. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.media.2023.102970","journal-title":"Med Image Anal"},{"issue":"4","key":"1760_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2023.07.024","volume":"21","author":"A Bilbily","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bilbily A, Syme CA, Adachi JD et al (2024) Opportunistic screening of low bone mineral density from standard X-rays. J Am Coll Radiol 21(4):633\u2013639. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacr.2023.07.024","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"1760_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyp276","volume":"39","author":"N Yoshimura","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yoshimura N, Muraki S, Oka H et al (2010) Cohort profile: research on osteoarthritis\/osteoporosis against disability study. Int J Epidemiol 39:988\u2013995. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ije\/dyp276","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1760_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-024-01569-5","volume":"43","author":"R Higuchi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Higuchi R, Uemura K, Kono S et al (2024) Osteoporosis screening using X-ray assessment and osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians in hip surgery patients. J Bone Miner Metab 43(2):158\u2013165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00774-024-01569-5","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"1760_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.afos.2024.01.003","volume":"10","author":"K Uemura","year":"2024","unstructured":"Uemura K, Takashima K, Higuchi R et al (2024) Assessing the utility of osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians in patients undergoing hip surgery. Osteoporos Sarcopenia 10(1):16\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.afos.2024.01.003","journal-title":"Osteoporos Sarcopenia"},{"issue":"1","key":"1760_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2018.11.008","volume":"105","author":"R Nakaya","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nakaya R, Takao M, Hamada H, Sakai T, Sugano N (2019) Reproducibility of the Dorr classification and its quantitative indices on plain radiographs. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 105(1):17\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otsr.2018.11.008","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"}],"container-title":["Archives of Osteoporosis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11657-026-01760-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11657-026-01760-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11657-026-01760-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T18:02:36Z","timestamp":1787940156000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11657-026-01760-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1760"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11657-026-01760-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1862-3514"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1862-3514","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 August 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 August 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in this study were performed according to the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of our institution. Informed consent was obtained through an opt-out process on the institution\u2019s website.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ryo Higuchi, Keisuke Uemura, Tomoki Asano, Sotaro Kono, Hirokazu Mae, Tetsuro Tani, Kazuma Takashima, Ryota Nakaya, Yasunori Okamoto, Katsuya Nakata, Seiji Okada, and Hidetoshi Hamada declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"132"}}