{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T20:00:44Z","timestamp":1791316844872,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,30]],"date-time":"2021-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611964800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,30]],"date-time":"2021-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"M\u00e4xi Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004362","name":"Schweizerische Herzstiftung","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004362","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012654","name":"Olga Mayenfisch Stiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012654","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Imaging and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Congenital heart disease is the most common birth defect, and patients are at risk for neurodevelopmental impairment and brain abnormalities. Yet, little is known about the link between brain volumes and cognitive function in adults with congenital heart disease. Forty-four patients and 53 controls between 18 and 32\u00a0years underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging and cognitive testing, assessed with an intelligence quotient and executive function global score. Associations between brain volumes and cognitive function were calculated using linear models. Cognitive function in patients was within the normal range (intelligence quotient: 97.74 (10.76)). Total brain volume was significantly smaller in patients compared to controls (1067.26 (113.53) vs 1113.04 (97.88) cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>,<jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u00a00.01), irrespective of cardiac factors (heart defect complexity, cyanosis, cardiopulmonary bypass: all<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.4). After adjusting for total brain volume, only corpus callosum volume remained significantly smaller (<jats:italic>P\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u00a00.03). Smaller total brain volume was associated with poorer overall executive functioning (<jats:italic>P\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u00a00.02) and inhibition (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01), in both patients and controls. The association between total brain volume and overall executive functioning was moderated by parental socioeconomic status (lower socioeconomic status was associated with a stronger association between brain volume and EF; interaction<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03). In adults with congenital heart disease, despite normal intelligence quotient, brain volume alterations persist into adulthood and are related to executive functioning, in particular inhibitory control. Adults coming from low socioeconomic background and with altered brain volumes are especially vulnerable and should thus be followed-up during adulthood to ensure optimal social and educational support.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-020-00424-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,30]],"date-time":"2021-01-30T01:02:40Z","timestamp":1611968560000},"page":"2308-2316","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Brain volumes in adults with congenital heart disease correlate with executive function abilities"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Nadja","family":"Naef","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ladina","family":"Schlosser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Brugger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Greutmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Oxenius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flavia","family":"Wehrle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raimund","family":"Kottke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatrice","family":"Latal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth Tuura","family":"O\u2019Gorman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"424_CR1","unstructured":"Aschenbrenner, S., Tucha, O., & Lange. K. (2000). Regensburger Wortfl\u00fcssigkeitstest Hogrefe G\u00f6ttingen. Germany."},{"issue":"1","key":"424_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1111\/mbe.12100","volume":"10","author":"P Baggetta","year":"2016","unstructured":"Baggetta, P., & Alexander, P. A. (2016). Conceptualization and operationalization of executive function. Mind, Brain, and Education, 10(1), 10\u201333.","journal-title":"Mind, Brain, and Education"},{"issue":"5","key":"424_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e192914","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.2914","volume":"2","author":"I Benavente-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Benavente-Fern\u00e1ndez, I., Synnes, A., Grunau, R. E., Chau, V., Ramraj, C., Glass, T., et al. (2019). Association of Socioeconomic Status and Brain Injury with Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of very preterm children. JAMA Network Open, 2(5), e192914.","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"issue":"12","key":"424_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.13975","volume":"60","author":"ME Bolduc","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bolduc, M. E., Lambert, H., Ganeshamoorthy, S., & Brossard-Racine, M. (2018). Structural brain abnormalities in adolescents and young adults with congenital heart defect: A systematic review. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 60(12), 1209\u20131224.","journal-title":"Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"424_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1017\/S135561771400109X","volume":"21","author":"RC Brewster","year":"2015","unstructured":"Brewster, R. C., King, T. Z., Burns, T. G., Drossner, D. M., & Mahle, W. T. (2015). White matter integrity dissociates verbal memory and auditory attention span in emerging adults with congenital heart disease. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 21(1), 22\u201333.","journal-title":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society"},{"issue":"8","key":"424_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3903","volume":"35","author":"M Brossard-Racine","year":"2014","unstructured":"Brossard-Racine, M., du Plessis, A. J., Vezina, G., Robertson, R., Bulas, D., Evangelou, I. E., et al. (2014). Prevalence and spectrum of in utero structural brain abnormalities in fetuses with complex congenital heart disease. AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology, 35(8), 1593\u20131599.","journal-title":"AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"424_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.9440","volume":"312","author":"J Cao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cao, J., & Zhang, S. (2014). Multiple comparison procedures. JAMA, 312(5), 543\u2013544.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"424_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2013.12.011","volume":"4","author":"R Cordina","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cordina, R., Grieve, S., Barnett, M., Lagopoulos, J., Malitz, N., & Celermajer, D. S. (2014). Brain volumetric, regional cortical thickness and radiographic findings in adults with cyanotic congenital heart disease. NeuroImage Clinical, 4, 319\u2013325.","journal-title":"NeuroImage Clinical"},{"issue":"06","key":"424_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1382050","volume":"41","author":"M Daseking","year":"2014","unstructured":"Daseking, M., Petermann, F., & Waldmann, H.-C. (2014). Sch\u00e4tzung der allgemeinen Intelligenz mit einer Kurzform der WAIS-IV bei neurologischen Fragestellungen. Aktuelle Neurologie, 41(06), 349\u2013355.","journal-title":"Aktuelle Neurologie"},{"key":"424_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Delis, D. C., Kaplan, E., & Kramer, J. H. (2001). Delis-Kaplan executive function system: Examiners manual: Psychological corporation.","DOI":"10.1037\/t15082-000"},{"issue":"12","key":"424_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3548","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.24615","volume":"40","author":"K Fontes","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fontes, K., Rohlicek, C. V., Saint-Martin, C., Gilbert, G., Easson, K., Majnemer, A., et al. (2019). Hippocampal alterations and functional correlates in adolescents and young adults with congenital heart disease. Human Brain Mapping, 40(12), 3548\u20133560.","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"issue":"2","key":"424_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2008.01.009","volume":"67","author":"SL Fryer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fryer, S. L., Frank, L. R., Spadoni, A. D., Theilmann, R. J., Nagel, B. J., Schweinsburg, A. D., et al. (2008). Microstructural integrity of the corpus callosum linked with neuropsychological performance in adolescents. Brain and Cognition, 67(2), 225\u2013233.","journal-title":"Brain and Cognition"},{"key":"424_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guo T, Chau V, Peyvandi S, Latal B, McQuillen PS, Knirsch W, et al. 2018. White matter injury in term neonates with congenital heart diseases: Topology & comparison with preterm newborns. Neuroimage.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.06.004"},{"issue":"3","key":"424_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073815591214","volume":"31","author":"C Hagmann","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hagmann, C., Singer, J., Latal, B., Knirsch, W., & Makki, M. (2016). Regional microstructural and volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities in the Corpus callosum of neonates with congenital heart defect undergoing cardiac surgery. Journal of Child Neurology, 31(3), 300\u2013308.","journal-title":"Journal of Child Neurology"},{"key":"424_CR15","unstructured":"H\u00e4rting, C. (2000). Wechsler-Ged\u00e4chtnistest: WMS-R; Deutsche Adaption der revidierten Fassung der Wechsler Memory Scale: Huber."},{"issue":"5","key":"424_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2013.10.087","volume":"148","author":"AK Heinrichs","year":"2014","unstructured":"Heinrichs, A. K., Holschen, A., Krings, T., Messmer, B. J., Schnitker, R., Minkenberg, R., et al. (2014). Neurologic and psycho-intellectual outcome related to structural brain imaging in adolescents and young adults after neonatal arterial switch operation for transposition of the great arteries. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 148(5), 2190\u20132199.","journal-title":"The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery"},{"issue":"1\u20131","key":"424_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2017.203","volume":"83","author":"KN Heye","year":"2018","unstructured":"Heye, K. N., Knirsch, W., Latal, B., Scheer, I., Wetterling, K., Hahn, A., et al. (2018). Reduction of brain volumes after neonatal cardiopulmonary bypass surgery in single-ventricle congenital heart disease before Fontan completion. Pediatric Research, 83(1\u20131), 63\u201370.","journal-title":"Pediatric Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"424_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2004.059287","volume":"92","author":"H Horigome","year":"2006","unstructured":"Horigome, H., Iwasaki, N., Anno, I., Kurachi, S., & Kurachi, K. (2006). Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and haematological profile in adult cyanotic congenital heart disease without stroke. Heart, 92(2), 263\u2013265.","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"1","key":"424_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1111\/chd.12178","volume":"10","author":"JL Jackson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jackson, J. L., Misiti, B., Bridge, J. A., Daniels, C. J., & Vannatta, K. (2015). Emotional functioning of adolescents and adults with congenital heart disease: A meta-analysis. Congenital Heart Disease, 10(1), 2\u201312.","journal-title":"Congenital Heart Disease"},{"key":"424_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2020.02.061","volume":"306","author":"N Kessler","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kessler, N., Feldmann, M., Schlosser, L., Rometsch, S., Brugger, P., Kottke, R., et al. (2020). Structural brain abnormalities in adults with congenital heart disease: Prevalence and association with estimated intelligence quotient. International Journal of Cardiology, 306, 61\u201366.","journal-title":"International Journal of Cardiology"},{"key":"424_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kovacs, A. H., Bellinger, D. C. (2020). Neurocognitive and psychosocial outcomes in adult congenital heart disease: A lifespan approach. Heart, heartjnl-2016-310862.","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2016-310862"},{"issue":"1","key":"424_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2015.11.012","volume":"43","author":"B Latal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Latal, B. (2016). Neurodevelopmental outcomes of the child with congenital heart disease. Clinics in Perinatology, 43(1), 173\u2013185.","journal-title":"Clinics in Perinatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"424_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.865568","volume":"121","author":"C Limperopoulos","year":"2010","unstructured":"Limperopoulos, C., Tworetzky, W., McElhinney, D. B., Newburger, J. W., Brown, D. W., Robertson, R. L., et al. (2010). Brain volume and metabolism in fetuses with congenital heart disease: Evaluation with quantitative magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy. Circulation, 121(1), 26\u201333.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"21","key":"424_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.08.025","volume":"58","author":"D van der Linde","year":"2011","unstructured":"van der Linde, D., Konings, E. E., Slager, M. A., Witsenburg, M., Helbing, W. A., Takkenberg, J. J., et al. (2011). Birth prevalence of congenital heart disease worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 58(21), 2241\u20132247.","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"issue":"20","key":"424_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.019881","volume":"133","author":"A Marelli","year":"2016","unstructured":"Marelli, A., Miller, S. P., Marino, B. S., Jefferson, A. L., & Newburger, J. W. (2016). Brain in congenital heart disease across the lifespan: The cumulative burden of injury. Circulation, 133(20), 1951\u20131962.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"424_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2019.101873","volume":"23","author":"L Melazzini","year":"2019","unstructured":"Melazzini, L., Codari, M., Vitali, P., & Sardanelli, F. (2019). Brain vascular changes in adults with congenital heart disease: A systematic review. Neuroimage Clinical, 23, 101873.","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clinical"},{"key":"424_CR27","volume-title":"Standardisierte Link'sche Probe-SLP-Manual zur Beurteilung exekutiver Funktionen","author":"P Metzler","year":"2000","unstructured":"Metzler, P. (2000). Standardisierte Link'sche Probe-SLP-Manual zur Beurteilung exekutiver Funktionen. Frankfurt aM: Swets & Zeitlinger."},{"issue":"1","key":"424_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721411429458","volume":"21","author":"A Miyake","year":"2012","unstructured":"Miyake, A., & Friedman, N. P. (2012). The nature and Organization of Individual Differences in executive functions: Four general conclusions. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 21(1), 8\u201314.","journal-title":"Current Directions in Psychological Science"},{"key":"424_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83.e2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2019.08.036","volume":"215","author":"N Naef","year":"2019","unstructured":"Naef, N., Wehrle, F., Rousson, V., & Latal, B. (2019). Cohort and individual neurodevelopmental stability between 1 and 6\u00a0years of age in children with congenital heart disease. The Journal of Pediatrics, 215, 83.e2\u201389.e2.","journal-title":"The Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"424_CR30","volume-title":"Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV; deutsche Version)","author":"F Petermann","year":"2012","unstructured":"Petermann, F. (2012). Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV; deutsche Version). Pearson: Frankfurt."},{"issue":"1","key":"424_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291.e3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2017.08.019","volume":"155","author":"S Peyvandi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Peyvandi, S., Kim, H., Lau, J., Barkovich, A. J., Campbell, A., Miller, S., et al. (2018). The association between cardiac physiology, acquired brain injury, and postnatal brain growth in critical congenital heart disease. Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 155(1), 291.e3\u2013300.e3.","journal-title":"Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery"},{"key":"424_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.05.045","volume":"185","author":"S Peyvandi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Peyvandi, S., Latal, B., Miller, S. P., & McQuillen, P. S. (2019). The neonatal brain in critical congenital heart disease: Insights and future directions. Neuroimage, 185, 776\u2013782.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"3","key":"424_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1982.55.3.839","volume":"55","author":"M Regard","year":"1982","unstructured":"Regard, M., Strauss, E., & Knapp, P. (1982). Children's production on verbal and non-verbal fluency tasks. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 55(3), 839\u2013844.","journal-title":"Perceptual and Motor Skills"},{"key":"424_CR34","unstructured":"Reitan, R. M. & Wolfson, D. (1985). The Halstead-Reitan neuropsychological test battery: Theory and clinical interpretation: Reitan neuropsychology."},{"issue":"6","key":"424_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.07.006","volume":"167","author":"M von Rhein","year":"2015","unstructured":"von Rhein, M., Buchmann, A., Hagmann, C., Dave, H., Bernet, V., Scheer, I., et al. (2015). Severe congenital heart defects are associated with global reduction of neonatal brain volumes. The Journal of Pediatrics, 167(6), 1259.e1\u20131263.e1.","journal-title":"The Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"424_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt322","volume":"137","author":"M von Rhein","year":"2014","unstructured":"von Rhein, M., Buchmann, A., Hagmann, C., Huber, R., Klaver, P., Knirsch, W., et al. (2014). Brain volumes predict neurodevelopment in adolescents after surgery for congenital heart disease. Brain, 137(Pt 1), 268\u2013276.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"6","key":"424_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2010.11.040","volume":"158","author":"M von Rhein","year":"2011","unstructured":"von Rhein, M., Scheer, I., Loenneker, T., Huber, R., Knirsch, W., & Latal, B. (2011). Structural brain lesions in adolescents with congenital heart disease. The Journal of Pediatrics, 158(6), 984\u2013989.","journal-title":"The Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"424_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42.e2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2016.09.070","volume":"181","author":"CK Rollins","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rollins, C. K., Asaro, L. A., Akhondi-Asl, A., Kussman, B. D., Rivkin, M. J., Bellinger, D. C., et al. (2017). White matter volume predicts language development in congenital heart disease. The Journal of Pediatrics, 181, 42.e2\u201348.e2.","journal-title":"The Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"424_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"936.e1-2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2014.07.028","volume":"165","author":"CK Rollins","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rollins, C. K., Watson, C. G., Asaro, L. A., Wypij, D., Vajapeyam, S., Bellinger, D. C., et al. (2014). White matter microstructure and cognition in adolescents with congenital heart disease. The Journal of Pediatrics, 165(5), 936.e1-2\u2013944.e1-2.","journal-title":"The Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"424_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjqcco\/qcy046","volume":"5","author":"S Rometsch","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rometsch, S., Greutmann, M., Latal, B., Bernaschina, I., Knirsch, W., Schaefer, C., et al. (2018). Predictors of quality of life in young adults with congenital heart disease. European Heart Journal \u2013 Quality of Care and Clinical Outcomes, 5(2), 161\u2013168.","journal-title":"European Heart Journal \u2013 Quality of Care and Clinical Outcomes"},{"issue":"9","key":"424_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617718000310","volume":"24","author":"ES Semmel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Semmel, E. S., Dotson, V. M., Burns, T. G., Mahle, W. T., & King, T. Z. (2018). Posterior cerebellar volume and executive function in young adults with congenital heart disease. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 24(9), 939\u2013948.","journal-title":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society"},{"issue":"1","key":"424_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951113000747","volume":"24","author":"M Tyagi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tyagi, M., Austin, K., Stygall, J., Deanfield, J., Cullen, S., & Newman, S. P. (2014). What do we know about cognitive functioning in adult congenital heart disease? Cardiology in the Young, 24(1), 13\u201319.","journal-title":"Cardiology in the Young"},{"issue":"2","key":"424_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.40.2.479","volume":"40","author":"F Verbruggen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Verbruggen, F., Logan, G. D., & Stevens, M. A. (2008). STOP-IT: Windows executable software for the stop-signal paradigm. Behavior Research Methods, 40(2), 479\u2013483.","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"424_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Warnes, C. A., Liberthson, R., Danielson, G. K., Dore, A., Harris, L., Hoffman, J. I., et al. (2001). Task force 1: The changing profile of congenital heart disease in adult life. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 37(5), 1170\u20131175.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(01)01272-4"},{"key":"424_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140.e4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.04.022","volume":"200","author":"CG Watson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Watson, C. G., Stopp, C., Wypij, D., Bellinger, D. C., Newburger, J. W., & Rivkin, M. J. (2018). Altered white matter microstructure correlates with IQ and processing speed in children and adolescents post-fontan. The Journal of Pediatrics, 200, 140.e4\u2013149.e4.","journal-title":"The Journal of Pediatrics"}],"container-title":["Brain Imaging and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11682-020-00424-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11682-020-00424-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11682-020-00424-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]],"date-time":"2023-10-19T18:15:13Z","timestamp":1697739313000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11682-020-00424-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,30]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["424"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11682-020-00424-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1931-7557","1931-7565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1931-7557","type":"print"},{"value":"1931-7565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 November 2020","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 January 2021","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The ethics committee of the Canton of Zurich in Switzerland approved this study and written informed consent was obtained from all participants.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors report no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}