{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T06:36:59Z","timestamp":1792478219564,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":159,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751932800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DC014078"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DC014078"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Imaging and Behavior"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Language difficulties are common in school-age children but their etiology is often unknown. Although neural underpinnings of language have been well-studied in neurotypical individuals, functional connectivity differences between children with language difficulties and their typically-developing peers have not. There is little evidence regarding patterns of neural connectivity for children with language difficulties. Differences in neural networks related to degree of language difficulties and subtype of language skills (structural or pragmatic) are unclear. We examined expressive and receptive language networks, and an executive function network, in school-age children (8\u201312 years,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200981) relative to their caregiver-reported language skills. We hypothesized that children with poorer structural and pragmatic language skills would have decreased connectivity in these networks. Participants were separated into groups by structural and pragmatic language scores: those with structural language difficulties (SLD), pragmatic language difficulties (PLD), and combined language difficulties (CLD, consisting of some participants in both SLD and PLD). The remainder of participants were in the typical language (TL) group. Results showed trends toward increased cross-hemispheric connectivity in age-matched controls relative to those with poorer language skills. Specifically, connectivity between bilateral inferior frontal gyri and areas including bilateral supplementary motor areas, cerebellar regions, and bilateral frontal gyri was associated with higher structural and pragmatic language scores. Connectivity among additional regions including bilateral superior temporal gyri and Heschl\u2019s gyrus showed both positive and negative correlation with both language scores. This suggests that reduced connectivity between regions involved in language processing may contribute to language difficulties in school-age children.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-025-01040-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T05:58:12Z","timestamp":1751954292000},"page":"1146-1167","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Structural and pragmatic language skills in school-age children relate to resting state functional connectivity"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1380-1769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia C.","family":"Hoyda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9450-9486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah J.","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7888-0245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Vannest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8261-6092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karla N.","family":"Washington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1567-1945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David R.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"1040_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Andres-Roqueta, C., Garcia-Molina, I., & Flores-Buils, R. (2021). Association between CCC-2 and structural language, pragmatics, social cognition, and executive functions in children with developmental Language disorder. Children (Basel), 8(2). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/children8020123","DOI":"10.3390\/children8020123"},{"key":"1040_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-2014(01)00067-3","volume":"16","author":"D Aram","year":"2001","unstructured":"Aram, D., & Levin, I. (2001). Mother\u2013child joint writing in low SES Sociocultural factors, maternal mediation, and emergent literacy. Cognitive Development, 16, 831\u2013852.","journal-title":"Cognitive Development"},{"issue":"11","key":"1040_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3031","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22124","volume":"34","author":"M Arsalidou","year":"2013","unstructured":"Arsalidou, M., Duerden, E. G., & Taylor, M. J. (2013). The centre of the brain: Topographical model of motor, cognitive, affective, and somatosensory functions of the basal ganglia. Human Brain Mapping, 34(11), 3031\u20133054. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hbm.22124","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"1040_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2023.105346","volume":"246","author":"SM Ashburn","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ashburn, S. M., Flowers, L., D., & Eden, G. F. (2023). A comparison of functional activation and connectivity of the cerebellum in adults and children during single word processing. Brain and Language, 246, 105346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bandl.2023.105346","journal-title":"Brain and Language"},{"issue":"3","key":"1040_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2011.10.006","volume":"120","author":"NA Badcock","year":"2012","unstructured":"Badcock, N. A., Bishop, D. V., Hardiman, M. J., Barry, J. G., & Watkins, K. E. (2012). Co-localisation of abnormal brain structure and function in specific Language impairment. Brain and Language, 120(3), 310\u2013320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bandl.2011.10.006","journal-title":"Brain and Language"},{"issue":"3","key":"1040_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1044\/2023_AJSLP-23-00286","volume":"33","author":"X Bao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bao, X., Komesidou, R., & Hogan, T. P. (2024). A review of screeners to identify risk of developmental Language disorder. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology \/ American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 33(3), 1548\u20131571. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1044\/2023_AJSLP-23-00286","journal-title":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology \/ American Speech-Language-Hearing Association"},{"key":"1040_CR7","unstructured":"Barry, J. G., & Moore, D. R. (2021). ECLiPS: Evaluation of children\u2019s listening and processing skills."},{"issue":"10","key":"1040_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2572","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bht112","volume":"24","author":"J Basnakova","year":"2014","unstructured":"Basnakova, J., Weber, K., Petersson, K. M., van Berkum, J., & Hagoort, P. (2014). Beyond The Language given: The neural correlates of inferring speaker meaning. Cerebral Cortex, 24(10), 2572\u20132578. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cercor\/bht112","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"issue":"2","key":"1040_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhj151","volume":"17","author":"V Beaucousin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Beaucousin, V., Lacheret, A., Turbelin, M. R., Morel, M., Mazoyer, B., & Tzourio-Mazoyer, N. (2007). FMRI study of emotional speech comprehension. Cerebral Cortex, 17(2), 339\u2013352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cercor\/bhj151","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"1040_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.06.034","volume":"144","author":"P Bellec","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bellec, P., Chu, C., Chouinard-Decorte, F., Benhajali, Y., Margulies, D. S., & Craddock, R. C. (2017). The neuro bureau ADHD-200 preprocessed repository. Neuroimage, 144, 275\u2013286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.06.034","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"1040_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ben-Shachar, M., Dougherty, R. F., Deutsch, G. K., & Wandell, B. A. (2011). The development of cortical sensitivity to visual word forms. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 23(9).","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2011.21615"},{"issue":"1","key":"1040_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","volume":"57","author":"Y Benjamini","year":"1995","unstructured":"Benjamini, Y., & Hochberg, Y. (1995). Controlling the false discovery rate: A practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 57(1), 289\u2013300.","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Statistical Society"},{"issue":"6","key":"1040_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00388","volume":"39","author":"DV Bishop","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bishop, D. V. (1998). Development of the children\u2019s communication checkist (CCC): A method for assessing qualitative aspects of communicative impairment in children. J Child Psychol Psychiat, 39(6), 879\u2013891.","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiat"},{"key":"1040_CR14","unstructured":"Bishop, D. V. (2003). The Children\u2019s Communication Checklist."},{"key":"1040_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bishop, D. V., Snowling, M. J., Thompson, P. A., Greenhalgh, T., & consortium, C. (2016). CATALISE: A Multinational and Multidisciplinary Delphi Consensus Study. Identifying Language Impairments in Children. PLoS One, 11(7), e0158753. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0158753","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0158753"},{"key":"1040_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bishop, D. V. M., Snowling, M. J., Thompson, P. A., & Greenhalgh, T. (2017). Phase 2 of CATALISE: a multinational and multidisciplinary Delphi consensus study of problems withlanguage development: Terminology. J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 58(10),1068\u20131080. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpp.12721","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12721"},{"key":"1040_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910340409","volume":"34","author":"B Biswal","year":"1995","unstructured":"Biswal, B., Yetkin, F. Z., Haughton, V. M., & Hyde, J. S. (1995). Functional connectivity in the motor cortex of resting human brains using echo-planar MRI. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 34, 537\u2013541.","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"},{"key":"1040_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.11.051","volume":"107","author":"K Braunlich","year":"2015","unstructured":"Braunlich, K., Gomez-Lavin, J., & Seger, C. A. (2015). Frontoparietal networks involved in categorization and item working memory. Neuroimage, 107, 146\u2013162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.11.051","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"1040_CR17","unstructured":"Bruner, J. S., & Watson, R. (1983). Child\u2019s talk: learning to use language (1st ed.). W.W. Norton. https:\/\/go.exlibris.link\/B38jHL4w"},{"issue":"3","key":"1040_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa4803_13","volume":"48","author":"JT Cacioppo","year":"1984","unstructured":"Cacioppo, J. T., Petty, R. E., & Feng Kao, C. (1984). The efficient assessment of need for cognition. Journal of Personality Assessment, 48(3), 306\u2013307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/s15327752jpa4803_13","journal-title":"Journal of Personality Assessment"},{"issue":"11","key":"1040_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.16149","volume":"58","author":"S Calder","year":"2022","unstructured":"Calder, S., Brennan-Jones, C., Robinson, M., Whitehouse, A., & Hill, E. (2022). The prevalence of and potential risk factors for developmental Language disorder at 10 years in the raine study. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 58(11), 1915\u20132133.","journal-title":"Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"1040_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e95984","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0095984","volume":"9","author":"B Clemens","year":"2014","unstructured":"Clemens, B., Jung, S., Mingoia, G., Weyer, D., Domahs, F., & Willmes, K. (2014). Influence of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the right angular gyrus on brain activity during rest. PLoS One, 9(4), e95984. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0095984","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"1040_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cohen, L., Carole, H., Dehaene, S., Martinaud, O., Lehericy, S., Lemer, C., & Ferrieux, S. (2004). The pathophysiology of letter-by-letter reading. Neuropsychologia, 42(13).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2004.04.018"},{"issue":"1","key":"1040_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.05.035","volume":"139","author":"F Collette","year":"2006","unstructured":"Collette, F., Hogge, M., Salmon, E., & Van der Linden, M. (2006). Exploration of the neural substrates of executive functioning by functional neuroimaging. Neuroscience, 139(1), 209\u2013221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.05.035","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"1040_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1080\/87565641.2015.1014487","volume":"40","author":"BT Conboy","year":"2015","unstructured":"Conboy, B. T., Brooks, R., Meltzoff, A. N., & Kuhl, P. K. (2015). Social interaction in infants\u2019 learning of Second-Language phonetics: An exploration of Brain-Behavior relations. Dev Neuropsychol, 40(4), 216\u2013229. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/87565641.2015.1014487","journal-title":"Dev Neuropsychol"},{"key":"1040_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Congdon, E., Mumford, J. A., Cohen, J. R., Galvan, A., Aron, A. R., Xue, G., Miller, E., & Poldrack, R. A. (2011). Corrigendum to Engagement of large-scale networks is related to individual differences in inhibitory control [NeuroImage 53\/2 (2010) 653\u2013663]. NeuroImage (Orlando, Fla.), 56(3), 1854\u20131854. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.03.003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.03.003"},{"key":"1040_CR25","first-page":"1636","volume":"21","author":"D Cordes","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cordes, D., Haughton, V. M., Arfanakis, K., Wendt, G. J., Turski, P. A., Moritz, C. H., Quigley, M. A., & Meyerand, M. E. (2000). Mapping functionally related regions of brain with functional connectivity MR imaging. Am J Neuroradiol, 21, 1636\u20131644.","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"1040_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1177\/10870547211063646","volume":"26","author":"G Crisci","year":"2022","unstructured":"Crisci, G., Cardillo, R., & Mammarella, I. C. (2022). The processes underlying positive illusory Bias in ADHD: The role of executive functions and pragmatic Language skills. Journal of Attention Disorders, 26(9), 1245\u20131256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10870547211063646","journal-title":"Journal of Attention Disorders"},{"issue":"23","key":"1040_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6147","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4590-15.2016","volume":"36","author":"BM Crittenden","year":"2016","unstructured":"Crittenden, B. M., Mitchell, D. J., & Duncan, J. (2016). Task encoding across the multiple demand cortex is consistent with a frontoparietal and cingulo-opercular dual networks distinction. The Journal of Neuroscience, 36(23), 6147\u20136155. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4590-15.2016","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"1040_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2021.118529","volume":"243","author":"AM Cross","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cross, A. M., Ramdajal, R., Peters, L., Vandermeer, M. R. J., Hayden, E. P., Frijters, J. C., Steinbach, K. A., Lovett, M. W., Archibald, L. M. D., & Joanisse, M. F. (2021). Resting-state functional connectivity and reading subskills in children. Neuroimage, 243, 118529. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2021.118529","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"7","key":"1040_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1017\/S135561770397010X","volume":"9","author":"B Crosson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Crosson, B., Benefield, H., Cato, M. A., Sadek, J. R., Moore, A. B., Wierenga, C. E., Gopinath, K., Soltysik, D., Bauer, R. M., Auerbach, E. J., G\u00d6K\u00c7Ay, D., Leonard, C. M., & Briggs, R. W. (2003). Left and right basal ganglia and frontal activity during Language generation: Contributions to lexical, semantic, and phonological processes. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 9(7), 1061\u20131077. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S135561770397010X","journal-title":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society"},{"key":"1040_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cummings, L. (2021). In L. Cummings (Ed.), Handbook of pragmatic Language disorders. Springer Nature Switzerland AG.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-74985-9"},{"key":"1040_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2016.00614","volume":"10","author":"RG de Almeida","year":"2016","unstructured":"de Almeida, R. G., Riven, L., Manouilidou, C., Lungu, O., Dwivedi, V. D., Jarema, G., & Gillon, B. (2016). The neuronal correlates of indeterminate sentence comprehension: An fMRI study. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 10, 614. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnhum.2016.00614","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"issue":"Pt 10","key":"1040_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3044","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr141","volume":"134","author":"C de Guibert","year":"2011","unstructured":"de Guibert, C., Maumet, C., Jannin, P., Ferre, J. C., Treguier, C., Barillot, C., Le Rumeur, E., Allaire, C., & Biraben, A. (2011). Abnormal functional lateralization and activity of Language brain areas in typical specific Language impairment (developmental dysphasia). Brain, 134(Pt 10), 3044\u20133058. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awr141","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"3","key":"1040_CR34","first-page":"321","volume":"13","author":"S Dehaene","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dehaene, S., Le Clec\u2019H, G., Poline, J., Le Bihan, D., & Cohen, L. (2002). The visual word form area: A prelexical representation of visual words in the fusiform gyrus. Brain Imaging, 13(3), 321\u2013325.","journal-title":"Brain Imaging"},{"key":"1040_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1077066","volume":"298","author":"G Dehaene-Lambertz","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dehaene-Lambertz, G., Dehaene, S., & Hertz-Pannier, L. (2002). Functional neuroimaging of speech perception in infants. Science, 298, 2013\u20132015.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1040_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Denys, S., Barry, J., Moore, D. R., Verhaert, N., & van Wieringen, A. (2024). A Multi-Sample Comparison and Rasch Analysis of the Evaluation of Children\u2019s Listening and Processing Skills Questionnaire. Ear Hear. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AUD.0000000000001509","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000001509"},{"key":"1040_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Devlin, J. T., Jamison, H. L., Gonnerman, L. M., & Matthews, P. M. (2006). The role of the posterior fusiform gyrus in reading. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 18(6).","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2006.18.6.911"},{"issue":"1","key":"1040_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1080\/13554790500507032","volume":"12","author":"P Dibbets","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dibbets, P., Bakker, K., & Jolles, J. (2006). Functional MRI of task switching in children with specific Language impairment (SLI). Neurocase, 12(1), 71\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13554790500507032","journal-title":"Neurocase"},{"key":"1040_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4206.1432","volume":"42","author":"C Dollaghan","year":"1999","unstructured":"Dollaghan, C., Campbell, T., Paradise, J., Feldman, H. M., Janosky, J., Pitcairn, D., & Kurs-Lasky, M. (1999). Maternal education and measures of early speech and language. Journal of speech. Language and Hearing Research, 42, 1432\u20131443.","journal-title":"Language and Hearing Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"1040_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1111\/cdev.13511","volume":"92","author":"S Donnelly","year":"2021","unstructured":"Donnelly, S., & Kidd, E. (2021). The longitudinal relationship between conversational Turn-Taking and vocabulary growth in early Language development. Child Development, 92(2), 609\u2013625. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cdev.13511","journal-title":"Child Development"},{"issue":"5","key":"1040_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2006.04.031","volume":"50","author":"NUF Dosenbach","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dosenbach, N. U. F., Visscher, K. M., Palmer, E. D., Miezin, F. M., Wenger, K. K., Kang, H. C., Burgund, E. D., Grimes, A. L., Schlaggar, B. L., & Petersen, S. E. (2006). A core system for the implementation of task sets. Neuron (Cambridge Mass), 50(5), 799\u2013812. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2006.04.031","journal-title":"Neuron (Cambridge Mass)"},{"issue":"26","key":"1040_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11073","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0704320104","volume":"104","author":"NUF Dosenbach","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dosenbach, N. U. F., Fair, D. A., Miezin, F. M., Cohen, A. L., Wenger, K. K., Dosenbach, R. A. T., Fox, M. D., Snyder, A. Z., Vincent, J. L., Raichle, M. E., Schlaggar, B. L., & Petersen, S. E. (2007). Distinct brain networks for adaptive and stable task control in humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 104(26), 11073\u201311078. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0704320104","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS"},{"issue":"3","key":"1040_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2008.01.001","volume":"12","author":"NUF Dosenbach","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dosenbach, N. U. F., Fair, D. A., Cohen, A. L., Schlaggar, B. L., & Petersen, S. E. (2008). A dual-networks architecture of top-down control. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 12(3), 99\u2013105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tics.2008.01.001","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"1040_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Doyon, J., Bellec, P., Amsel, R., Penhune, V. B., Monchi, O., Carrier, J., Lehericy, S., & Benali, H. (2009). Contributions of the basal ganglia and functionally related brain structures to motor learning. Behavioural brain research, 199, 61\u201375.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2008.11.012"},{"key":"1040_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2005\/028)","volume":"48","author":"S Ellis Weismer","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ellis Weismer, S., Plante, E., Jones, M., & Tomblin, J. B. (2005). A functional magnetic resonance imaging investigation of verbal working memory in adolescents with specific Language impairment. Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research, 48, 405\u2013425.","journal-title":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research"},{"key":"1040_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116858","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.116858","volume":"215","author":"A Enge","year":"2020","unstructured":"Enge, A., Friederici, A. D., & Skeide, M. A. (2020). A meta-analysis of fMRI studies of Language comprehension in children. Neuroimage, 215, 116858. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.116858","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"1040_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2009.05.090","volume":"1282","author":"JA Etzel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Etzel, J. A., Gazzola, V., & Keysers, C. (2009). An introduction to anatomical ROI-based fMRI classification analysis. Brain Research, 1282, 114\u2013125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2009.05.090","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"1040_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20523","volume":"30","author":"R Everts","year":"2009","unstructured":"Everts, R., Lidzba, K., Wilke, M., Kiefer, C., Mordasini, M., Schroth, G., Perrig, W., & Steinlin, M. (2009). Strengthening of laterality of verbal and visuospatial functions during childhood and adolescence. Human Brain Mapping, 30(2), 473\u2013483. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hbm.20523","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"1040_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2014.08.050","volume":"1586","author":"Q Fan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fan, Q., Anderson, A. W., Davis, N., & Cutting, L. E. (2014). Structural connectivity patterns associated with the putative visual word form area and children\u2019s reading ability. Brain Research, 1586, 118\u2013129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2014.08.050","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"1040_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-019-04358-6","volume":"50","author":"M Ferrara","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ferrara, M., Camia, M., Cecere, V., Villata, V., Vivenzio, N., Scorza, M., & Padovani, R. (2020). Language and pragmatics across neurodevelopmental disorders: An investigation using the Italian version of CCC-2. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50(4), 1295\u20131309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10803-019-04358-6","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"issue":"5","key":"1040_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2012.04.001","volume":"16","author":"AD Friederici","year":"2012","unstructured":"Friederici, A. D. (2012). The cortical Language circuit: From auditory perception to sentence comprehension. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 16(5), 262\u2013268. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tics.2012.04.001","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"1040_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2004\/049)","volume":"47","author":"M Fujiki","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fujiki, M., Spackman, M. P., Brinton, B., & Hall, A. (2004). The relationship of Language and emotion regulation skills to reticence in children with specific Language impairment. Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research, 47, 637\u2013646.","journal-title":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research"},{"key":"1040_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2019.03.010","volume":"117","author":"R Gerrits","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gerrits, R., Van der Haegen, L., Brysbaert, M., & Vingerhoets, G. (2019). Laterality for recognizing written words and faces in the fusiform gyrus covaries with Language dominance. Cortex; A Journal Devoted To the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior, 117, 196\u2013204.","journal-title":"Cortex; A Journal Devoted To the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior"},{"issue":"4","key":"1040_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.3109\/13682820903165685","volume":"45","author":"H Geurts","year":"2010","unstructured":"Geurts, H., & Embrechts, M. (2010). Pragmatics in pre-schoolers with Language impairments. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders \/ Royal College of Speech & Language Therapists, 45(4), 436\u2013447. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/13682820903165685","journal-title":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders \/ Royal College of Speech & Language Therapists"},{"key":"1040_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.10022","volume":"15","author":"M Hampson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hampson, M., Peterson, B. S., Skudlarski, P., Gatenby, J. C., & Gore, J. C. (2002). Detection of functional connectivity using Temporal correlations in MR images. Human Brain Mapping, 15, 247\u2013262.","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"1040_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2004\/050)","volume":"47","author":"K Hart","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hart, K., Fujiki, M., Brinton, B., & Hart, C. H. (2004). The relationship between social behavior and severity of Language impairment. Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research, 47, 647\u2013662.","journal-title":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research"},{"key":"1040_CR56","unstructured":"HHS, U. S. D. (2022). o. Developmental language disorder. National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. Retrieved December 15 from https:\/\/www.nidcd.nih.gov\/health\/developmental-language-disorder"},{"key":"1040_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2113","volume":"8","author":"G Hickok","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hickok, G., & Poeppel, D. (2007). The cortical organization of speech processing. Nature Reviews, 8, 393\u2013402.","journal-title":"Nature Reviews"},{"issue":"7","key":"1040_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797615581493","volume":"26","author":"K Hirsh-Pasek","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hirsh-Pasek, K., Adamson, L. B., Bakeman, R., Owen, M. T., Golinkoff, R. M., Pace, A., Yust, P. K., & Suma, K. (2015). The contribution of early communication quality to Low-Income children\u2019s Language success. Psychological Science, 26(7), 1071\u20131083. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0956797615581493","journal-title":"Psychological Science"},{"key":"1040_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00612","volume":"74","author":"E Hoff","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hoff, E. (2003). The specificity of environmental influence: Socioeconomic status affects early vocabulary development via maternal speech. Child Development, 74, 1368\u20131378.","journal-title":"Child Development"},{"issue":"4","key":"1040_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0875","volume":"14","author":"SK Holland","year":"2001","unstructured":"Holland, S. K., Plante, E., Weber Byars, A., Strawsburg, R. H., Schmithorst, V. J., & Ball, W. S. (2001). Normal fMRI brain activation patterns in children performing a verb generation task. NeuroImage (Orlando Fla), 14(4), 837\u2013843. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/nimg.2001.0875","journal-title":"NeuroImage (Orlando Fla)"},{"issue":"9","key":"1040_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1080\/14992020701448994","volume":"46","author":"SK Holland","year":"2007","unstructured":"Holland, S. K., Vannest, J., Mecoli, M., Jacola, L. M., Tillema, J. M., Karunanayaka, P. R., Schmithorst, V. J., Yuan, W., Plante, E., & Byars, A. W. (2007). Functional MRI of Language lateralization during development in children. Int J Audiol, 46(9), 533\u2013551. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14992020701448994","journal-title":"Int J Audiol"},{"key":"1040_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.01.013","volume":"71","author":"SMH Hosseini","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hosseini, S. M. H., Black, J. M., Soriano, T., Bugescu, N., Martinez, R., Raman, M., Kesler, S. R., & Hoeft, F. (2013). Topological properties of large-scale structural brain networks in children with Familial risk for reading difficulties. Neuroimage, 71, 260\u2013274.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"1040_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-024-00849-y","author":"C Huang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huang, C., Li, A., Pang, Y., Yang, J., Zhang, J., Wu, X., & Mei, L. (2024). How the intrinsic functional connectivity patterns of the semantic network support semantic processing. Brain Imaging Behav. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11682-024-00849-y","journal-title":"Brain Imaging Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"1040_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000899","volume":"42","author":"LL Hunter","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hunter, L. L., Blankenship, C. M., Lin, L., Sloat, N. T., Perdew, A., Stewart, H., & Moore, D. R. (2021). Peripheral auditory involvement in childhood listening difficulty. Ear and Hearing, 42(1), 29\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000899","journal-title":"Ear and Hearing"},{"key":"1040_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2023.108705","volume":"429","author":"LL Hunter","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hunter, L. L., Blankenship, C. M., Shinn-Cunningham, B., Hood, L., Zadeh, L. M., & Moore, D. R. (2023). Brainstem auditory physiology in children with listening difficulties(). Hearing Research, 429, 108705. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heares.2023.108705","journal-title":"Hearing Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"1040_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0177398","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0177398","volume":"12","author":"JS Hutton","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hutton, J. S., Phelan, K., Horowitz-Kraus, T., Dudley, J., Altaye, M., DeWitt, T., & Holland, S. K. (2017). Story time turbocharger? Child engagement during shared reading and cerebellar activation and connectivity in preschool-age children listening to stories. PLoS One, 12(5), e0177398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0177398","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"1040_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Janacsek, K., Shattuck, K. F., Tagarelli, K. M., Lum, J. A. G., Turkeltaub, P. E., & Ullman, M. T. (2020). Sequence learning in the human brain: A functional neuroanatomical meta-analysis of serial reaction time studies. Neuroimage, 207.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116387"},{"issue":"1","key":"1040_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-110920-013544","volume":"45","author":"K Janacsek","year":"2022","unstructured":"Janacsek, K., Evans, T. M., Kiss, M., Shah, L., Blumenfeld, H., & Ullman, M. T. (2022). Subcortical cognition: The fruit below the rind. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 45(1), 361\u2013386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-neuro-110920-013544","journal-title":"Annual Review of Neuroscience"},{"key":"1040_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jenkinson, M., Beckmann, C. F., Behrens, T. E., Woolrich, M. W., & Smith, S. M. (2012). FSL. In NeuroImage.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.09.015"},{"issue":"1","key":"1040_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1044\/0161-1461.1501.02","volume":"15","author":"AR Johnson","year":"1984","unstructured":"Johnson, A. R., Johnston, E. B., & Weinrich, B. D. (1984). Assessing pragmatic skills in children\u2019s Language. Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools, 15(1), 2\u20139.","journal-title":"Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools"},{"issue":"3","key":"1040_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/s40474-015-0050-x","volume":"2","author":"LL Kapa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kapa, L. L., & Plante, E. (2015). Executive function in SLI: Recent advances and future directions. Current Developmental Disorders Reports, 2(3), 245\u2013252.","journal-title":"Current Developmental Disorders Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"1040_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.08.028","volume":"34","author":"PR Karunanayaka","year":"2007","unstructured":"Karunanayaka, P. R., Holland, S. K., Schmithorst, V. J., Solodkin, A., Chen, E. E., Szaflarski, J. P., & Plante, E. (2007). Age-related connectivity changes in fMRI data from children listening to stories. Neuroimage, 34(1), 349\u2013360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.08.028","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"6","key":"1040_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_01521","volume":"32","author":"D Kennedy-Higgins","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kennedy-Higgins, D., Devlin, J. T., Nuttall, H. E., & Adank, P. (2020). The causal role of left and right superior Temporal gyri in speech perception in noise: A transcranial magnetic stimulation study. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 32(6), 1092\u20131103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/jocn_a_01521","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"issue":"9","key":"1040_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2016.06.012","volume":"20","author":"S Krishnan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Krishnan, S., Watkins, K. E., & Bishop, D. (2016). Neurobiological basis of Language learning difficulties. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 20(9), 701\u2013714.","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"1040_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.117599","volume":"226","author":"S Krishnan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Krishnan, S., Asaridou, S. S., Cler, G. J., Smith, H. J., Willis, H. E., Healy, M. P., Thompson, P. A., Bishop, D. V. M., & Watkins, K. E. (2021). Functional organisation for verb generation in children with developmental Language disorder. Neuroimage, 226, 117599. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.117599","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"1","key":"1040_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7687.2007.00572.x","volume":"10","author":"PK Kuhl","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kuhl, P. K. (2007). Is speech learning \u2018gated\u2019 by the social brain? Developmental Science, 10(1), 110\u2013120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-7687.2007.00572.x","journal-title":"Developmental Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"1040_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1162\/089892900562138","volume":"12","author":"GR Kuperberg","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kuperberg, G. R., & McGuire, P. K. (2000). Common and distinct neural substrates for pragmatic, semantic, and syntactic processing of spoken sentences: An fMRI study. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 12(2), 321\u2013341.","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"1040_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1080\/13632752.2013.854960","volume":"19","author":"J Law","year":"2013","unstructured":"Law, J., Rush, R., & McBean, K. (2013). The relative roles played by structural and pragmatic Language skills in relation to behaviour in a population of primary school children from socially disadvantaged backgrounds. Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties, 19(1), 28\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13632752.2013.854960","journal-title":"Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties"},{"issue":"9","key":"1040_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2005.086983","volume":"77","author":"AP Leff","year":"2006","unstructured":"Leff, A. P., Spitsyna, G., Plant, G. T., & Wise, R. J. S. (2006). Structural anatomy of pure and hemianopic Alexia. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 77(9), 1004\u20131007.","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry"},{"issue":"42","key":"1040_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E9981","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1803003115","volume":"115","author":"G Lerma-Usabiaga","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lerma-Usabiaga, G., Carreiras, M., & Paz-Alonso, P. M. (2018). Converging evidence for functional and structural segregation within the left ventral occipitotemporal cortex in reading. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 115(42), E9981\u2013E9990. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1803003115","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"1040_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2017.00327","volume":"11","author":"Y Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li, Y., Zhang, L., Xia, Z., Yang, J., Shu, H., & Li, P. (2017). The relationship between intrinsic couplings of the visual word form area with spoken Language network and reading ability in children and adults. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 11, 327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnhum.2017.00327","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"key":"1040_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1997.0315","volume":"7","author":"MJM Lowe","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lowe, M. J. M., B.J., & Sorenson, J. A. (1998). Functional connectivity in single and multislice echoplanar imaging using resting-state fluctuations. Neuroimage, 7, 119\u2013132.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"1","key":"1040_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1162\/nol_a_00091","volume":"4","author":"S Luthra","year":"2023","unstructured":"Luthra, S., Magnuson, J. S., & Myers, E. B. (2023). Right posterior Temporal cortex supports integration of phonetic and talker information. Neurobiol Lang (Camb), 4(1), 145\u2013177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/nol_a_00091","journal-title":"Neurobiol Lang (Camb)"},{"issue":"4","key":"1040_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.3109\/13682820903105137","volume":"45","author":"L Mackie","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mackie, L., & Law, J. (2010). Pragmatic Language and the child with emotional\/behavioural difficulties (EBD): A pilot study exploring the interaction between behaviour and communication disability. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders \/ Royal College of Speech & Language Therapists, 45(4), 397\u2013410. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/13682820903105137","journal-title":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders \/ Royal College of Speech & Language Therapists"},{"issue":"7","key":"1040_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(03)00134-7","volume":"7","author":"BD McCandliss","year":"2003","unstructured":"McCandliss, B. D., Cohen, L., & Dehaene, S. (2003). The visual word form area: Expertise for reading in the fusiform. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 7(7), 293\u2013299.","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"1040_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1044\/2019_PERSP-19-00083","volume":"5","author":"K McGregor","year":"2020","unstructured":"McGregor, K., Goffman, L., Owen Van Horne, A., Hogan, T. P., & Finestack, L. H. (2020). Developmental Language disorder: Applications for advocacy, research, and clinical service. Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups, 5, 38\u201346.","journal-title":"Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"1040_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-010-0262-0","volume":"214","author":"V Menon","year":"2010","unstructured":"Menon, V., & Uddin, L. Q. (2010). Saliency, switching, attention and control: A network model of Insula function. Brain Structure and Function, 214(5\u20136), 655\u2013667. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00429-010-0262-0","journal-title":"Brain Structure and Function"},{"key":"1040_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000582","volume":"39","author":"DR Moore","year":"2018","unstructured":"Moore, D. R. (2018). Editorial: Auditory processing disorder. Ear & Hearing, 39, 617\u2013620.","journal-title":"Ear & Hearing"},{"key":"1040_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.00675","volume":"11","author":"DR Moore","year":"2020","unstructured":"Moore, D. R., Hugdahl, K., Stewart, H. J., Vannest, J., Perdew, A. J., Sloat, N. T., Cash, E. K., & Hunter, L. L. (2020). Listening difficulties in children: Behavior and brain activation produced by dichotic listening of CV syllables. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 675. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.00675","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"1040_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-021-02973-z","volume":"17","author":"S Morabito","year":"2021","unstructured":"Morabito, S., Di Pietro, S., Cicero, L., Falcone, A., Liotta, L., Crupi, R., Cassata, G., & Macri, F. (2021). Impact of region-of-interest size and location on quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasound of canine Splenic perfusion. Bmc Veterinary Research, 17(1), 271. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12917-021-02973-z","journal-title":"Bmc Veterinary Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"1040_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-019-01855-3","volume":"224","author":"E Moulton","year":"2019","unstructured":"Moulton, E., Bouhali, F., Monzalvo, K., Poupon, C., Zhang, H., Dehaene, S., Dehaene-Lambertz, G., & Dubois, J. (2019). Connectivity between the visual word form area and the parietal lobe improves after the first year of reading instruction: A longitudinal MRI study in children. Brain Struct Funct, 224(4), 1519\u20131536. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00429-019-01855-3","journal-title":"Brain Struct Funct"},{"key":"1040_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nee, D. E., Brown, J. W., Askren, M. K., Berman, M. G., Demiralp, E., Krawitz, A., & Jonides, J. (2013). A meta-Analysis of executive components of working memory. Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. 1991), 23(2), 264\u2013282. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cercor\/bhs007","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhs007"},{"issue":"2","key":"1040_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-011-0083-5","volume":"12","author":"TA Niendam","year":"2012","unstructured":"Niendam, T. A., Laird, A. R., Ray, K. L., Dean, Y. M., Glahn, D. C., & Carter, C. S. (2012). Meta-analytic evidence for a superordinate cognitive control network subserving diverse executive functions. Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience, 12(2), 241\u2013268. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13415-011-0083-5","journal-title":"Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"key":"1040_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nieto-Castanon, A. (2020). General Linear Model. In Handbook of functional connectivity Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods in CONN (pp. 63\u201382). Hilbert Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56441\/hilbertpress.2207.6602","DOI":"10.56441\/hilbertpress.2207.6602"},{"issue":"11","key":"1040_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00442","volume":"25","author":"KA Noonan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Noonan, K. A., Jefferies, E., Visser, M., & Lambon Ralph, M. A. (2013). Going beyond inferior prefrontal involvement in semantic control: Evidence for the additional contribution of dorsal angular gyrus and posterior middle Temporal cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 25(11), 1824\u20131850. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/jocn_a_00442","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"1040_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2012.04.003","volume":"125","author":"OA Olulade","year":"2013","unstructured":"Olulade, O. A., Flowers, D. L., Napoliello, E. M., & Eden, G. F. (2013). Developmental differences for word processing in the ventral stream. Brain and Language, 125(2), 134\u2013145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bandl.2012.04.003","journal-title":"Brain and Language"},{"issue":"38","key":"1040_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23477","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1905590117","volume":"117","author":"OA Olulade","year":"2020","unstructured":"Olulade, O. A., Seydell-Greenwald, A., Chambers, C. E., Turkeltaub, P. E., Dromerick, A. W., Berl, M. M., Gaillard, W. D., & Newport, E. L. (2020). The neural basis of Language development: Changes in lateralization over age. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(38), 23477\u201323483. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1905590117","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"1040_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20131","volume":"25","author":"AM Owen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Owen, A. M., McMillan, K. M., Laird, A. R., & Bullmore, E. (2005). N-back working memory paradigm: A meta-analysis of normative functional neuroimaging studies. Human Brain Mapping, 25(1), 46\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hbm.20131","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"issue":"6","key":"1040_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000001076","volume":"42","author":"L Petley","year":"2021","unstructured":"Petley, L., Hunter, L. L., Zadeh, M., Stewart, L., Sloat, H. J., Perdew, N. T., Lin, A., L., & Moore, D. R. (2021). Listening difficulties in children with normal audiograms: Relation to hearing and cognition. Ear and Hearing, 42(6), 1640\u20131655. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AUD.0000000000001076","journal-title":"Ear and Hearing"},{"issue":"2","key":"1040_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1044\/2023_JSLHR-23-00317","volume":"67","author":"L Petley","year":"2024","unstructured":"Petley, L., Blankenship, C., Hunter, L. L., Stewart, H. J., Lin, L., & Moore, D. R. (2024). Amplitude modulation perception and cortical evoked potentials in children with listening difficulties and their typically developing peers. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research: Jslhr, 67(2), 633\u2013656. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1044\/2023_JSLHR-23-00317","journal-title":"Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research: Jslhr"},{"key":"1040_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-934X(89)90117-X","volume":"37","author":"E Plante","year":"1989","unstructured":"Plante, E., Swisher, L., & Vance, R. (1989). Anatomical correlates of normal and impaired Language in a set of dizygotic twins. Brain and Language, 37, 643\u2013655.","journal-title":"Brain and Language"},{"issue":"3","key":"1040_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1080\/1357650X.2014.963597","volume":"20","author":"E Plante","year":"2015","unstructured":"Plante, E., Almryde, K., Patterson, D. K., Vance, C. J., & Asbjornsen, A. E. (2015). Language lateralization shifts with learning by adults. Laterality, 20(3), 306\u2013325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1357650X.2014.963597","journal-title":"Laterality"},{"key":"1040_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.01.046","volume":"189","author":"G Pleisch","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pleisch, G., Karipidis, I. I., Brauchli, C., R\u00f6thlisberger, M., Hofstetter, C., St\u00e4mpfli, P., Walitza, S., & Brem, S. (2019). Emerging neural specialization of the ventral occipitotemporal cortex to characters through phonological association learning in preschool children. Neuroimage, 189, 813\u2013831. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.01.046","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"1","key":"1040_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsm006","volume":"2","author":"RA Poldrack","year":"2007","unstructured":"Poldrack, R. A. (2007). Region of interest analysis for fMRI. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci, 2(1), 67\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/scan\/nsm006","journal-title":"Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci"},{"key":"1040_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.09.006","volume":"72","author":"JD Power","year":"2011","unstructured":"Power, J. D., Cohen, A. L., Nelson, S. M., Wig, G. S., Barnes, K. A., Church, J. A., Vogel, A. C., Laumann, T. O., Miezin, F. M., Schlaggar, B. L., & Petersen, S. E. (2011). Functional network organization of the human brain. Neuron, 72, 665\u2013678.","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"1040_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.09.007","volume":"84","author":"JD Power","year":"2014","unstructured":"Power, J. D., Schlaggar, B. L., & Petersen, S. E. (2014). Studying brain organization via spontateous fMRI signal. Neuron, 84, 681\u2013696.","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"1","key":"1040_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2013.11.001","volume":"128","author":"JL Preston","year":"2014","unstructured":"Preston, J. L., Molfese, P. J., Mencl, W. E., Frost, S. J., Hoeft, F., Fulbright, R. K., Landi, N., Grigorenko, E. L., Seki, A., Felsenfeld, S., & Pugh, K. R. (2014). Structural brain differences in school-age children with residual speech sound errors. Brain and Language, 128(1), 25\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bandl.2013.11.001","journal-title":"Brain and Language"},{"issue":"3","key":"1040_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.32598\/irj.17.3.225","volume":"17","author":"F Razavi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Razavi, F., Pourmohamadreza-Tajrishi, M., Haghgoo, H., Bakshi, E., Tavakoli, S., & Miri, M. A. (2019). Relationship between executive functions and pragmatic Language in children with autism spectrum disorders. Iranian Rehabilitation Journal, 17(3), 225\u2013234.","journal-title":"Iranian Rehabilitation Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"1040_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1044\/0161-1461(2011\/10-0078)","volume":"42","author":"SM Redmond","year":"2011","unstructured":"Redmond, S. M. (2011). Peer victimization among students with specific Language impairment, attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder, and typical development. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 42(4), 520\u2013535. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1044\/0161-1461(2011\/10-0078)","journal-title":"Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools"},{"issue":"5","key":"1040_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1080\/17549500903147560","volume":"11","author":"S Reilly","year":"2009","unstructured":"Reilly, S., Bavin, E. L., Bretherton, L., Conway, L., Eadie, P., Cini, E., Prior, M., Ukoumunne, O. C., & Wake, M. (2009). The early Language in Victoria study (ELVS): A prospective longitudinal study of communication skills and expressive vocabulary development at 8, 12, and 24 months. International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 11(5), 344\u2013357.","journal-title":"International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology"},{"key":"1040_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyx079","volume":"47","author":"S Reilly","year":"2018","unstructured":"Reilly, S., Cook, F., Bavin, E. L., Bretherton, L., Cahir, P., Eadie, P., Gold, L., Mensah, F., Papadopoullos, S., & Wake, M. (2018). Cohort profile: The early Language in Victoria study (ELVS). International Journal of Epidemiology, 47, 11\u201312\u00a0h.","journal-title":"International Journal of Epidemiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"1040_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-020-04853-1","volume":"53","author":"L Reindal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Reindal, L., Naerland, T., Weidle, B., Lydersen, S., Andreassen, O. A., & Sund, A. M. (2021). Structural and pragmatic Language impairments in children evaluated for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 53(2), 701\u2013719. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10803-020-04853-1","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"issue":"2","key":"1040_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2007.04.006","volume":"104","author":"K Reinke","year":"2008","unstructured":"Reinke, K., Fernandes, M., Schwindt, G., O\u2019Craven, K., & Grady, C. L. (2008). Functional specificity of the visual word form area: General activation for words and symbols but specific network activation for words. Brain and Language, 104(2), 180\u2013189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bandl.2007.04.006","journal-title":"Brain and Language"},{"issue":"8","key":"1040_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12073","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0012073","volume":"5","author":"F Richlan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Richlan, F., Sturm, D., Schurz, M., Kronbichler, M., Ladurner, G., & Wimmer, H. (2010). A common left occipito-temporal dysfunction in developmental dyslexia and acquired letter-by-letter reading? PLoS One, 5(8), e12073\u2013e12073. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0012073","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"1040_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797617742725","volume":"29","author":"RR Romeo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Romeo, R. R., Leonard, J. A., Robinson, S. T., West, M. R., Mackey, A. P., Rowe, M. L., & Gabrieli, J. D. E. (2018). Beyond the 30-Million-Word gap: Children\u2019s conversational exposure is associated with Language-Related brain function. Psychological Science, 29(5), 700\u2013710. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0956797617742725","journal-title":"Psychological Science"},{"issue":"8","key":"1040_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2003.12.012","volume":"42","author":"MR Rueda","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rueda, M. R., Fan, J., McCandliss, B. D., Halparin, J. D., Gruber, D. B., Lercari, L. P., & Posner, M. I. (2004). Development of attentional networks in childhood. Neuropsychologia, 42(8), 1029\u20131040. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2003.12.012","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"1040_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rupp, K., Hect, J. L., Remick, M., Ghuman, A., Chandrasekaran, B., Holt, L. L., & Abel, T. J. (2022). Neural responses in human superior Temporal cortex support coding of voice representations. Plos Biology, 20(7). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pbio.3001675","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3001675"},{"issue":"9","key":"1040_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4354","volume":"19","author":"ZM Saygin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Saygin, Z. M., Osher, D. E., Norton, E. S., Youssoufian, D. A., Beach, S. D., Feather, J., Gaab, N., Gabrieli, J. D., & Kanwisher, N. (2016). Connectivity precedes function in the development of the visual word form area. Nature Neuroscience, 19(9), 1250\u20131255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nn.4354","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"1040_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2009.10.030","volume":"1308","author":"M Shibata","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shibata, M., Toyomura, A., Itoh, H., & Abe, J. (2010). Neural substrates of irony comprehension: A functional MRI study. Brain Research, 1308, 114\u2013123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2009.10.030","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"1040_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-020-01207-6","volume":"20","author":"MC Silveri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Silveri, M. C. (2021). Contribution of the cerebellum and the basal ganglia to Language production: Speech, word fluency, and sentence Construction-Evidence from pathology. Cerebellum, 20(2), 282\u2013294. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12311-020-01207-6","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"issue":"2","key":"1040_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1080\/13682820500224091","volume":"41","author":"MP Spackman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Spackman, M. P., Fujiki, M., & Brinton, B. (2006). Understanding emotions in context: The effects of Language impairment on children\u2019s ability to infer emotional reactions. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders \/ Royal College of Speech & Language Therapists, 41(2), 173\u2013188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13682820500224091","journal-title":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders \/ Royal College of Speech & Language Therapists"},{"key":"1040_CR122","first-page":"1397","volume":"21","author":"T Stein","year":"2000","unstructured":"Stein, T., Moritz, C., Quigley, M., Cordes, D., Haughton, V., & Meyerand, E. (2000). Functional connectivity in the thalamus and hippocampus studied with functional MR imaging. Am J Neuroradiol, 21, 1397\u20131401.","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1040_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1044\/2020_AJSLP-20-00054","volume":"30","author":"C Stephan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stephan, C., Clasen, L., Adeyemi, E., & Lee, N. R. (2021). Speech impairments explain unique variance in adaptive behavior skills in young people with down syndrome. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology \/ American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 30(1), 253\u2013259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1044\/2020_AJSLP-20-00054","journal-title":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology \/ American Speech-Language-Hearing Association"},{"key":"1040_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2022.103172","volume":"36","author":"HJ Stewart","year":"2022","unstructured":"Stewart, H. J., Cash, E. K., Hunter, L. L., Maloney, T., Vannest, J., & Moore, D. R. (2022). Speech cortical activation and connectivity in typically developing children and those with listening difficulties. Neuroimage Clin, 36, 103172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nicl.2022.103172","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin"},{"issue":"3","key":"1040_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20177","volume":"27","author":"JP Szaflarski","year":"2006","unstructured":"Szaflarski, J. P., Holland, S. K., Schmithorst, V. J., & Byars, A. W. (2006). fMRI study of Language lateralization in children and adults. Human Brain Mapping, 27(3), 202\u2013212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hbm.20177","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"1040_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.02.061","volume":"193","author":"KM Tagarelli","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tagarelli, K. M., Shattuck, K. F., Turkeltaub, P. E., & Ullman, M. T. (2019). Language learning in the adult brain: A neuroanatomical meta-analysis of lexical and grammatical learning. Neuroimage, 193, 178\u2013200.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"2","key":"1040_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721414522813","volume":"23","author":"CS Tamis-LeMonda","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tamis-LeMonda, C. S., Kuchirko, Y., & Song, L. (2014). Why is infant Language learning facilitated by parental responsiveness?? Current Directions in Psychological Science, 23(2), 121\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0963721414522813","journal-title":"Current Directions in Psychological Science"},{"issue":"Pt 7","key":"1040_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp103","volume":"132","author":"CM Tesink","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tesink, C. M., Buitelaar, J. K., Petersson, K. M., van der Gaag, R. J., Kan, C. C., Tendolkar, I., & Hagoort, P. (2009). Neural correlates of pragmatic Language comprehension in autism spectrum disorders. Brain, 132(Pt 7), 1941\u20131952. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awp103","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"3","key":"1040_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00338.2011","volume":"106","author":"BT Thomas Yeo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Thomas Yeo, B. T., Krienen, F. M., Sepulcre, J., Sabuncu, M. R., Lashkari, D., Hollinshead, M., Roffman, J. L., Smoller, J. W., Z\u00f6llei, L., Polimeni, J. R., Fisch, B., Liu, H., & Buckner, R. L. (2011). The organization of the human cerebral cortex estimated by intrinsic functional connectivity. Journal of Neurophysiology, 106(3), 1125\u20131165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.00338.2011","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"1040_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360(2013\/12-0164)","volume":"23","author":"GR Timler","year":"2014","unstructured":"Timler, G. R. (2014). Use of the children\u2019s communication Checklist-2 for classification of Language impairment risk in young school-age children with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology \/ American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 23(1), 73\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1044\/1058-0360(2013\/12-0164)","journal-title":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology \/ American Speech-Language-Hearing Association"},{"key":"1040_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000403","author":"S Turker","year":"2023","unstructured":"Turker, S., Kuhnke, P., Eickhoff, S. B., Caspers, S., & Hartwigsen, G. (2023). Cortical, subcortical, and cerebellar contributions to Language processing: A meta-analytic review of 403 neuroimaging experiments. Psychological Bulletin. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/bul0000403","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"1040_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2003.10.008","volume":"92","author":"MT Ullman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ullman, M. T. (2004). Contributions of memory circuits to language: The declarative\/procedural model. Cognition, 92(1\u20132), 231\u2013270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cognition.2003.10.008","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"1040_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(08)70276-4","volume":"41","author":"MT Ullman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ullman, M. T., & Pierpont, E. I. (2005). Specific Language impairment is not specific to Language: The procedural hypothesis. Cortex; A Journal Devoted To the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior, 41, 399\u2013433.","journal-title":"Cortex; A Journal Devoted To the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior"},{"key":"1040_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-122216-011555","volume":"71","author":"MT Ullman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ullman, M. T., Earle, F. S., Walenski, M., & Janacsek, K. (2020). The neurocognition of developmental disorders of Language. Annu Rev Psychol, 71, 389\u2013417.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"key":"1040_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-024-01843-6","volume":"8","author":"MT Ullman","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ullman, M. T., Clark, G. M., Pullman, M. Y., Lovelett, J. T., Pierpont, E. I., Jiang, X., & Turkeltaub, P. E. (2024). Neuroanatomy of developmental Language disorder: A systematic review and analysis. Nature Human Behaviour, 8, 962\u2013975. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41562-024-01843-6","journal-title":"Nature Human Behaviour"},{"issue":"3","key":"1040_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.10.002","volume":"54","author":"S van der Mark","year":"2011","unstructured":"van der Mark, S., Klaver, P., Bucher, K., Maurer, U., Schulz, E., Brem, S., Martin, E., & Brandeis, D. (2011). The left occipitotemporal system in reading: Disruption of focal fMRI connectivity to left inferior frontal and inferior parietal Language areas in children with dyslexia. NeuroImage (Orlando Fla), 54(3), 2426\u20132436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.10.002","journal-title":"NeuroImage (Orlando Fla)"},{"issue":"6","key":"1040_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1080\/87565641.2017.1334783","volume":"42","author":"C Vias","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vias, C., & Dick, A. S. (2017). Cerebellar contributions to Language in typical and atypical development: A review. Dev Neuropsychol, 42(6), 404\u2013421. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/87565641.2017.1334783","journal-title":"Dev Neuropsychol"},{"issue":"9","key":"1040_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3991","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-017-1450-y","volume":"222","author":"N Vinas-Guasch","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vinas-Guasch, N., & Wu, Y. J. (2017). The role of the putamen in language: A meta-analytic connectivity modeling study. Brain Struct Funct, 222(9), 3991\u20134004.","journal-title":"Brain Struct Funct"},{"key":"1040_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360(2010\/09-0011)","volume":"19","author":"J Volden","year":"2010","unstructured":"Volden, J., & Phillips, L. (2010). Measuring pragmatic Language in speakers with autism spectrum disorders: Comparing the children\u2019s communication Checklist-2 and the test of pragmatic Language. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology \/ American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 19, 204\u2013212.","journal-title":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology \/ American Speech-Language-Hearing Association"},{"key":"1040_CR140","unstructured":"Vygotski\u012d, L. S., & Cole, M. (1978). Mind in society: the development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press. https:\/\/uc.summon.serialssolutions.com\/2.0.0\/link\/0\/eLvHCXMwbV3JCsIwEB2sXgQRV9Sq9AcqsUmb9ihV8eLNu7RZQJBetAf_3klt64LH5BCS8JjlMW8GgHor4v7YBGVaZzGFwVGQsDTxwmAttYg0T4kkVJDv6T5Qzb_LxfUiV7moK2oK1gIjbswSLLAoNzjebuI3q4KARMSZ9CvgDGNptL5lm51q7RvBo_hwIvseNI2woA8NlQ2gXVuexxC6R8yMnUvm3F41lCOw97tTfHBzcS75lXN1ocAbQycxdenZvdCvyQk46L2FF_mhVjJihPphyjXhImToeKlWfArDf0fN_m_b0F4XLXENBTCHlkaIqoV5z7L4hyc1rl8L"},{"key":"1040_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2018.01.011","volume":"30","author":"J Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang, J., Joanisse, M. F., & Booth, J. R. (2018). Reading skill related to left ventral occipitotemporal cortex during a phonological awareness task in 5\u20136-year old children. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 30, 116\u2013122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dcn.2018.01.011","journal-title":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"1040_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100898","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2020.100898","volume":"47","author":"J Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang, J., Joanisse, M. F., & Booth, J. R. (2021). Letter fluency in 7-8-year-old children is related to the anterior, but not posterior, ventral occipito-temporal cortex during an auditory phonological task. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 47, 100898\u2013100898. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dcn.2020.100898","journal-title":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"issue":"11","key":"1040_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4532","DOI":"10.1044\/2023_JSLHR-23-00337","volume":"66","author":"J Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang, J., Joanisse, M. F., & Booth, J. R. (2023). Learning to read strengthens functional connectivity between the ventral occipitotemporal cortex and the superior Temporal gyrus during an auditory phonological awareness task. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research: Jslhr, 66(11), 4532\u20134546. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1044\/2023_JSLHR-23-00337","journal-title":"Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research: Jslhr"},{"key":"1040_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wei, P., Bao, R., & Fan, Y. (2022). Independence of functional connectivity analysis in fMRI research does not rely on whether seeds are exogenous or endogenous. Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices, 15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.medntd.2022.100126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medntd.2022.100126"},{"key":"1040_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182872ded","volume":"80","author":"S Weintraub","year":"2013","unstructured":"Weintraub, S., Dikmen, S. S., Heaton, R. K., Tulsky, D. S., Zelazo, P. D., Bauer, P. J., & Gershon, R. C. (2013). Cognition assessment using the NIH toolbox. Neurology, 80, 54\u201364.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1040_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.07.046","volume":"123","author":"LJ Weiss-Croft","year":"2015","unstructured":"Weiss-Croft, L. J., & Baldeweg, T. (2015). Maturation of Language networks in children: A systematic review of 22years of functional MRI. Neuroimage, 123, 269\u2013281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.07.046","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"1040_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-010814-015104","volume":"66","author":"JF Werker","year":"2015","unstructured":"Werker, J. F., & Hensch, T. K. (2015). Critical periods in speech perception: New directions. Annu Rev Psychol, 66, 173\u2013196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-psych-010814-015104","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1040_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2012.0073","volume":"2","author":"S Whitefield-Gabrieli","year":"2012","unstructured":"Whitefield-Gabrieli, S., & Nieto-Castanon, A. (2012). Conn: A functional connectivity toolbox for correlated and anticorrelated brain networks. Brain Connectivity, 2(3), 125\u2013141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/brain.2012.0073","journal-title":"Brain Connectivity"},{"issue":"12","key":"1040_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2012.07.026","volume":"50","author":"J Witteman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Witteman, J., Van Heuven, V. J. P., & Schiller, N. O. (2012). Hearing feelings: A quantitative meta-analysis on the neuroimaging literature of emotional prosody perception. Neuropsychologia, 50(12), 2752\u20132763. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2012.07.026","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"1040_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0193(1999)8:2\/3<151::AID-HBM13>3.0.CO;2-5","volume":"8","author":"J Xiong","year":"1999","unstructured":"Xiong, J., Parsons, L. M., Gao, J. H., & Fox, P. T. (1999). Interregional connectivity to primary motor cortex revealed using MRI resting state images. Human Brain Mapping, 8, 151\u2013156.","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"1040_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xue, G., & Poldrack, R. A. (2007). The neural substrates of visual perceptual learning of words: Implications for the visual word form area hypothesis. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 19(10).","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2007.19.10.1643"},{"key":"1040_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.11.055","volume":"31","author":"G Xue","year":"2006","unstructured":"Xue, G., Chuansheng, G., Zhen, J., & Dong, Q. (2006). Language experience shapes fusiform activation when processing a logographic artificial language: An fMRI training study. Neuroimage, 31, 1315\u20131326.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"8","key":"1040_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1635","volume":"8","author":"T Yarkoni","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yarkoni, T., Poldrack, R. A., Nichols, T. E., Van Essen, D. C., & Wager, T. D. (2011). Large-scale automated synthesis of human functional neuroimaging data. Nature Methods, 8(8), 665\u2013674.","journal-title":"Nature Methods"},{"key":"1040_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2014.12.006","volume":"142","author":"E Zaccarella","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zaccarella, E., & Friederici, A. D. (2015). Reflections of word processing in the insular cortex: A sub-regional parcellation based functional assessment. Brain and Language, 142, 1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bandl.2014.12.006","journal-title":"Brain and Language"},{"key":"1040_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2006.46","volume":"1","author":"PD Zelazo","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zelazo, P. D. (2006). The dimensiona change card sort (DCCS): A method of assessing executive function in children. Nature Protocols, 1, 297\u2013301.","journal-title":"Nature Protocols"},{"issue":"2","key":"1040_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.08.037","volume":"59","author":"D Zhu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhu, D., Li, K., Faraco, C. C., Deng, F., Zhang, D., Guo, L., Miller, L. S., & Liu, T. (2012). Optimization of functional brain rois via maximization of consistency of structural connectivity profiles. Neuroimage, 59(2), 1382\u20131393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.08.037","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"1","key":"1040_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-2267","volume":"124","author":"FJ Zimmerman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zimmerman, F. J., Gilkerson, J., Richards, J. A., Christakis, D. A., Xu, D., Gray, S., & Yapanel, U. (2009). Teaching by listening: The importance of adult-child conversations to Language development. Pediatrics, 124(1), 342\u2013349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2008-2267","journal-title":"Pediatrics"}],"container-title":["Brain Imaging and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11682-025-01040-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11682-025-01040-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11682-025-01040-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T08:03:20Z","timestamp":1769241800000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11682-025-01040-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]},"references-count":159,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1040"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11682-025-01040-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1931-7565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1931-7565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 June 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 July 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study, which was part of a larger IRB-approved study (PI: David R. Moore, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital IRB), ensured that the caregivers of all participants provided informed consent and the participants verbally assented.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}