{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T07:12:54Z","timestamp":1778915574894,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772236800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Fund Project of Anhui Institute of Translational Medicine","award":["2021zhyx-C56"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021zhyx-C56"]}]},{"name":"2023 Anhui Medical University Discipline Construction Project"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Imaging and Behavior"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-026-01088-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T00:56:38Z","timestamp":1772240198000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of cognitive impairment associated with cerebral small vessel disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Tianyun","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rihong","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Can","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yujia","family":"Zhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guoqi","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zengfeng","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"1088_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317515628052","volume":"31","author":"SQ Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen, S. Q., Cai, Q., Shen, Y. Y., Xu, C. X., Zhou, H., & Zhao, Z. (2016). Hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in multidomain amnestic mild cognitive impairment and vascular cognitive impairment without dementia. American Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease & Other Dementias, 31(5), 422\u2013429. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1533317515628052","journal-title":"American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias"},{"issue":"5","key":"1088_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.16321","volume":"68","author":"M Ganguli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ganguli, M., Beer, J. C., Zmuda, J. M., Ryan, C. M., Sullivan, K. J., Chang, C. H., et al. (2020). Aging, diabetes, obesity, and cognitive decline: A population-based study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 68(5), 991\u2013998. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jgs.16321","journal-title":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society"},{"issue":"5","key":"1088_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.16321","volume":"68","author":"M Ganguli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ganguli, M., Beer, J. C., Zmuda, J. M., Ryan, C. M., Sullivan, K. J., Chang, C. H., et al. (2020). Aging, diabetes, obesity, and cognitive decline: A population-based study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 68(5), 991\u2013998. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jgs.16321","journal-title":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society"},{"issue":"16","key":"1088_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2021.02.018","volume":"66","author":"R Hua","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hua, R., Ma, Y., Li, C., Zhong, B., & Xie, W. (2021). Low levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cognitive decline. Science Bulletin (Beijing), 66(16), 1684\u20131690. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scib.2021.02.018","journal-title":"Science Bulletin (Beijing)"},{"issue":"2","key":"1088_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1159\/000047686","volume":"12","author":"M Hund-Georgiadis","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hund-Georgiadis, M., Norris, D. G., Guthke, T., & von Cramon, D. Y. (2001). Characterization of cerebral small vessel disease by proton spectroscopy and morphological magnetic resonance. Cerebrovascular Diseases, 12(2), 82\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000047686","journal-title":"Cerebrovascular Diseases"},{"issue":"4","key":"1088_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2013.09.008","volume":"10","author":"J Jia","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jia, J., Zhou, A., Wei, C., Jia, X., Wang, F., Li, F., et al. (2014). The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment and its etiological subtypes in elderly Chinese. Alzheimer\u2019s & Dementia, 10(4), 439\u2013447. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jalz.2013.09.008","journal-title":"Alzheimer's & Dementia"},{"key":"1088_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.738971","volume":"13","author":"H Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu, H., Zhang, D., Lin, H., Zhang, Q., Zheng, L., Zheng, Y., et al. (2021). Meta-analysis of neurochemical changes estimated via magnetic resonance spectroscopy in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 13, Article 738971. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2021.738971","journal-title":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience"},{"issue":"9","key":"1088_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.042502","volume":"141","author":"S Mahinrad","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mahinrad, S., Kurian, S., Garner, C. R., Sedaghat, S., Nemeth, A. J., Moscufo, N., et al. (2020). Cumulative blood pressure exposure during young adulthood and mobility and cognitive function in midlife. Circulation, 141(9), 712\u2013724. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.042502","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"1088_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.06.3060","volume":"15","author":"A Marseglia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Marseglia, A., Fratiglioni, L., Kalpouzos, G., Wang, R., B\u00e4ckman, L., & Xu, W. (2019). Prediabetes and diabetes accelerate cognitive decline and predict microvascular lesions: A population-based cohort study. Alzheimer\u2019s & Dementia, 15(1), 25\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.06.3060","journal-title":"Alzheimer's & Dementia"},{"issue":"4","key":"1088_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x","volume":"53","author":"ZS Nasreddine","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nasreddine, Z. S., Phillips, N. A., B\u00e9dirian, V., Charbonneau, S., Whitehead, V., Collin, I., et al. (2005). The montreal cognitive assessment, MoCA: A brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 53(4), 695\u2013699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x","journal-title":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society"},{"key":"1088_CR11","unstructured":"National Standardization Administration of China. (2024). *GB\/T 43688\u20132024: Quality control method of magnetic resonance imaging or spectrometer*."},{"issue":"3","key":"1088_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21461","volume":"59","author":"A Nitkunan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nitkunan, A., Charlton, R. A., McIntyre, D. J., Barrick, T. R., Howe, F. A., & Markus, H. S. (2008). Diffusion tensor imaging and MR spectroscopy in hypertension and presumed cerebral small vessel disease. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 59(3), 528\u2013534. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mrm.21461","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"1088_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610218001370","volume":"31","author":"TCC Pinto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pinto, T. C. C., Machado, L., Bulgacov, T. M., Rodrigues-J\u00fanior, A. L., Costa, M. L. G., Ximenes, R. C. C., et al. (2019). Is the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) screening superior to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in the detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease (AD) in the elderly? International Psychogeriatrics, 31(4), 491\u2013504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S1041610218001370","journal-title":"International Psychogeriatrics"},{"key":"1088_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Reas, E. T., Laughlin, G. A., Hagler, D. J., Jr., Lee, R. R., Dale, A. M., & McEvoy, L. K. (2021). Age and sex differences in the associations of pulse pressure with white matter and subcortical microstructure. Hypertension, 77(3), 938\u2013947. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.16446","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.16446"},{"issue":"6 Suppl.","key":"1088_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1731S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/136.6.1731S","volume":"136","author":"H Refsum","year":"2006","unstructured":"Refsum, H., Nurk, E., Smith, A. D., Ueland, P. M., Gjesdal, C. G., Bjelland, I., et al. (2006). The Hordaland Homocysteine Study: A community-based study of homocysteine, its determinants, and associations with disease. Journal of Nutrition, 136(6 Suppl.), 1731S-1740S. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jn\/136.6.1731S","journal-title":"Journal of Nutrition"},{"issue":"3","key":"1088_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2017.09.007","volume":"14","author":"OA Skrobot","year":"2018","unstructured":"Skrobot, O. A., Black, S. E., Chen, C., DeCarli, C., Erkinjuntti, T., Ford, G. A., et al. (2018). Progress toward standardized diagnosis of vascular cognitive impairment: Guidelines from the vascular impairment of cognition classification consensus study. Alzheimer\u2019s & Dementia, 14(3), 280\u2013292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jalz.2017.09.007","journal-title":"Alzheimer's & Dementia"},{"issue":"4","key":"1088_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13279","volume":"290","author":"AD Smith","year":"2021","unstructured":"Smith, A. D., & Refsum, H. (2021). Homocysteine - from disease biomarker to disease prevention. Journal of Internal Medicine, 290(4), 826\u2013854. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joim.13279","journal-title":"Journal of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"1088_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2018.3","volume":"4","author":"WM van der Flier","year":"2018","unstructured":"van der Flier, W. M., Skoog, I., Schneider, J. A., Pantoni, L., Mok, V., Chen, C. L. H., et al. (2018). Vascular cognitive impairment. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 4, Article 18003. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrdp.2018.3","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Disease Primers"},{"key":"1088_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00951","volume":"11","author":"R Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang, R., Liu, N., Tao, Y. Y., Gong, X. Q., Zheng, J., Yang, C., et al. (2020). The application of rs-fMRI in vascular cognitive impairment. Frontiers in Neurology, 11, Article 951. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2020.00951","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"1088_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000913","volume":"34","author":"MC Zanon Zotin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zanon Zotin, M. C., Sveikata, L., Viswanathan, A., & Yilmaz, P. (2021). Cerebral small vessel disease and vascular cognitive impairment: From diagnosis to management. Current Opinion in Neurology, 34(2), 246\u2013257. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/WCO.0000000000913","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Neurology"},{"key":"1088_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.773281","volume":"12","author":"S Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang, S., Qiu, Q., Qian, S., Lin, X., Yan, F., Sun, L., et al. (2021). Determining appropriate screening tools and cutoffs for cognitive impairment in the Chinese elderly. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, Article 773281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.773281","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry"},{"key":"1088_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.617611","volume":"13","author":"L Zhao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhao, L., Teng, J., Mai, W., Su, J., Yu, B., Nong, X., et al. (2021). A pilot study on the cutoff value of related brain metabolite in Chinese elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment using MRS. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 13, Article 617611. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2021.617611","journal-title":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience"},{"key":"1088_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2014.12.005","volume":"130","author":"X Zhu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhu, X., Cao, L., Hu, X., Dong, Y., Wang, H., Liu, F., et al. (2015). Brain metabolism assessed via proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with amnestic or vascular mild cognitive impairment. Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery, 130, 80\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clineuro.2014.12.005","journal-title":"Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery"}],"container-title":["Brain Imaging and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11682-026-01088-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11682-026-01088-z","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11682-026-01088-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T06:53:06Z","timestamp":1778914386000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11682-026-01088-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1088"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11682-026-01088-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1931-7565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1931-7565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 June 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Chaohu Hospital affiliated with Anhui Medical University. The research number of this project is KYXM-20230706, which was carried out in strict accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all participants.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Publisher\u2019s note"}}],"article-number":"26"}}