{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T06:52:10Z","timestamp":1791528730610,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Imaging and Behavior"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-026-01207-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T06:48:10Z","timestamp":1791528490000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Altered hippocampal subfield functional connectivity and its association with back pain in axial spondyloarthritis: a multimodal neuroimaging study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7839-4271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fei","family":"Xiong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6273-4868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yamin","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7676-7676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0220-8982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5315-7983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0864-3473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guiping","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0120-8853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ye","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1434-2303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"1207_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E12063","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1810553115","volume":"115","author":"KME Andersson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Andersson, K. M. E., Wasen, C., Juzokaite, L., Leifsdottir, L., Erlandsson, M. C., Silfversward, S. T., Stokowska, A., Pekna, M., Pekny, M., Olmarker, K., Heckemann, R. A., Kalm, M., & Bokarewa, M. I. (2018). Inflammation in the hippocampus affects IGF1 receptor signaling and contributes to neurological sequelae in rheumatoid arthritis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115, E12063\u2013E12072. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1810553115","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"1207_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-019-0243-5","volume":"15","author":"A Beringer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Beringer, A., & Miossec, P. (2019). Systemic effects of IL-17 in inflammatory arthritis. Nature reviews Rheumatology, 15, 491\u2013501. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41584-019-0243-5","journal-title":"Nature reviews Rheumatology"},{"key":"1207_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2297","volume":"9","author":"R Dantzer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dantzer, R., OConnor, J. C., Freund, G. G., Johnson, R. W., & Kelley, K. W. (2008). From inflammation to sickness and depression: when the immune system subjugates the brain. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 9, 46\u201356.","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience"},{"key":"1207_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2233","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23786","volume":"523","author":"SL Ding","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ding, S. L., & Van Hoesen, G. W. (2015). Organization and Detailed Parcellation of Human Hippocampal Head and Body Regions Based on a Combined Analysis of Cyto- and Chemoarchitecture. The Journal of comparative neurology, 523, 2233\u20132253. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.23786","journal-title":"The Journal of comparative neurology"},{"key":"1207_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961489","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.961489","volume":"16","author":"J Fang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fang, J., Hua, K., Chen, F., Wan, Z., Yin, Y., Liu, P., Wang, T., & Jiang, G. (2022). Altered cerebral blood flow patterns in ankylosing spondylitis: A three-dimensional pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling study. Front Neurosci, 16, 961489. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2022.961489","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"1207_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-021-00757-x","volume":"18","author":"I Galea","year":"2021","unstructured":"Galea, I. (2021). The blood-brain barrier in systemic infection and inflammation. Cellular & molecular immunology, 18, 2489\u20132501. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41423-021-00757-x","journal-title":"Cellular & molecular immunology"},{"key":"1207_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4203","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-015-1161-1","volume":"221","author":"KS Hemington","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hemington, K. S., Wu, Q., Kucyi, A., Inman, R. D., & Davis, K. D. (2016). Abnormal cross-network functional connectivity in chronic pain and its association with clinical symptoms. Brain structure & function, 221, 4203\u20134219. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00429-015-1161-1","journal-title":"Brain structure & function"},{"key":"1207_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-024-01325-9","volume":"41","author":"M Huang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Huang, M., Bao, J., Tao, X., Niu, Y., Li, K., Wang, J., Gong, X., Yang, R., Gui, Y., Zhou, H., Xia, Y., Yang, Y., Sun, B., Liu, W., & Shu, X. (2025). Ventral Hippocampal CA1 GADD45B Regulates Susceptibility to Social Stress by Influencing NMDA Receptor-Mediated Synaptic Plasticity. Neuroscience bulletin, 41, 406\u2013420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-024-01325-9","journal-title":"Neuroscience bulletin"},{"key":"1207_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6149","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-90149-2","volume":"15","author":"Y Izumi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Izumi, Y., O\u2019Dell, K. A., Mennerick, S., & Zorumski, C. F. (2025). Effects of acute pro-inflammatory stimulation and 25-hydroxycholesterol on hippocampal plasticity and learning involve NLRP3 inflammasome and cellular stress responses. Scientific reports, 15, 6149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-90149-2","journal-title":"Scientific reports"},{"key":"1207_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1651","volume":"13","author":"H Kebir","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kebir, H., Kreymborg, K., Ifergan, I., Dodelet-Devillers, A., Cayrol, R., Bernard, M., Giuliani, F., Arbour, N., Becher, B., & Prat, A. (2007). Human TH17 lymphocytes promote blood-brain barrier disruption and central nervous system inflammation. Nature medicine, 13, 1173\u20131175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm1651","journal-title":"Nature medicine"},{"key":"1207_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-023-01118-5","volume":"25","author":"MA Khan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Khan, M. A. (2023). HLA-B*27 and Ankylosing Spondylitis: 50 Years of Insights and Discoveries. Current Rheumatology Reports, 25, 327\u2013340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11926-023-01118-5","journal-title":"Current Rheumatology Reports"},{"key":"1207_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2015.05.002","volume":"45","author":"J Kregel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kregel, J., Meeus, M., Malfliet, A., Dolphens, M., Danneels, L., Nijs, J., & Cagnie, B. (2015). Structural and functional brain abnormalities in chronic low back pain: A systematic review. Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism, 45, 229\u2013237. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2015.05.002","journal-title":"Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism"},{"key":"1207_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-016-9565-y","volume":"11","author":"C Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li, C., Wei, X., Zou, Q., Zhang, Y., Yin, X., Zhao, J., & Wang, J. (2017). Cerebral functional deficits in patients with ankylosing spondylitis- an fMRI study. Brain imaging and behavior, 11, 936\u2013942. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11682-016-9565-y","journal-title":"Brain imaging and behavior"},{"key":"1207_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.00193","volume":"7","author":"Q Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu, Q., Liao, Z., Zhang, Y., Lin, C., He, B., Fang, L., Tu, L., Zhao, M., Wu, X., & Gu, J. (2020). Pain- and Fatigue-Related Functional and Structural Changes in Ankylosing Spondylitis: An fRMI Study. Frontiers in medicine, 7, 193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2020.00193","journal-title":"Frontiers in medicine"},{"key":"1207_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-025-08322-7","volume":"26","author":"D Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu, D., Lin, C., Liu, B., Zhang, Y., Jiang, Y., Gu, J., & Jin, O. (2025). Resting-state functional connectivity between the frontoparietal network and the default mode network is aberrantly increased in ankylosing spondylitis. BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 26, 80. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-025-08322-7","journal-title":"BMC musculoskeletal disorders"},{"key":"1207_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00611.2013","volume":"111","author":"AA Mutso","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mutso, A. A., Petre, B., Huang, L., Baliki, M. N., Torbey, S., Herrmann, K. M., Schnitzer, T. J., & Apkarian, A. V. (2014). Reorganization of hippocampal functional connectivity with transition to chronic back pain. Journal of neurophysiology, 111, 1065\u20131076. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.00611.2013","journal-title":"Journal of neurophysiology"},{"key":"1207_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)02263-3","volume":"405","author":"V Navarro-Compan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Navarro-Compan, V., Sepriano, A., Capelusnik, D., & Baraliakos, X. (2025). Axial spondyloarthritis. Lancet, 405, 159\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)02263-3","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1207_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s41927-019-0111-6","volume":"4","author":"JY Park","year":"2020","unstructured":"Park, J. Y., Howren, A. M., Zusman, E. Z., Esdaile, J. M., & De Vera, M. A. (2020). The incidence of depression and anxiety in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC rheumatology, 4, 12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41927-019-0111-6","journal-title":"BMC rheumatology"},{"key":"1207_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.108233","volume":"68","author":"M Rudwaleit","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rudwaleit, M., van der Heijde, D., Landewe, R., Listing, J., Akkoc, N., Brandt, J., Braun, J., Chou, C. T., Collantes-Estevez, E., Dougados, M., Huang, F., Gu, J., Khan, M. A., Kirazli, Y., Maksymowych, W. P., Mielants, H., Sorensen, I. J., Ozgocmen, S., Roussou, E., Valle-Onate, R., Weber, U., Wei, J., & Sieper, J. (2009). The development of Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part II): validation and final selection. Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 68, 777\u2013783. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard.2009.108233","journal-title":"Annals of the rheumatic diseases"},{"key":"1207_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rusznak, K., Horvath, A. I., Pohli-Toth, K., Futacsi, A., Kemeny, A., Kiss, G., Helyes, Z., & Czeh, B. (2022). Experimental Arthritis Inhibits Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Mice. Cells, 11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells11050791","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11050791"},{"key":"1207_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.4078\/jrd.2023.0009","volume":"30","author":"S \u015ea\u015f","year":"2023","unstructured":"\u015ea\u015f, S., Cengiz, G., & Kaplan, H. (2023). The effect of central sensitization on disease activity measures, quality of life and clinical parameters in axial spondyloarthritis: a cross-sectional study. Journal of rheumatic diseases, 30, 176\u2013184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4078\/jrd.2023.0009","journal-title":"Journal of rheumatic diseases"},{"key":"1207_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2243","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-04648-0","volume":"9","author":"A Schrepf","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schrepf, A., Kaplan, C. M., Ichesco, E., Larkin, T., Harte, S. E., Harris, R. E., Murray, A. D., Waiter, G. D., Clauw, D. J., & Basu, N. (2018). A multi-modal MRI study of the central response to inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. Nature communications, 9, 2243. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-018-04648-0","journal-title":"Nature communications"},{"key":"1207_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.03.061","volume":"44","author":"SM Smith","year":"2009","unstructured":"Smith, S. M., & Nichols, T. E. (2009). Threshold-free cluster enhancement: addressing problems of smoothing, threshold dependence and localisation in cluster inference. Neuroimage, 44, 83\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.03.061","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"1207_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2161","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awn154","volume":"131","author":"H Tsao","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tsao, H., Galea, M. P., & Hodges, P. W. (2008). Reorganization of the motor cortex is associated with postural control deficits in recurrent low back pain. Brain: a journal of neurology, 131, 2161\u20132171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awn154","journal-title":"Brain: a journal of neurology"},{"key":"1207_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2016.03.010","volume":"60","author":"A Varatharaj","year":"2017","unstructured":"Varatharaj, A., & Galea, I. (2017). The blood-brain barrier in systemic inflammation. Brain behavior and immunity, 60, 1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2016.03.010","journal-title":"Brain behavior and immunity"},{"key":"1207_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1017\/cjn.2020.14","volume":"47","author":"BK Vitturi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vitturi, B. K., Suriano, E. S., Pereira de Sousa, A. B., & Torigoe, D. Y. (2020). Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis. Canadian Journal Of Neurological Sciences, 47, 219\u2013225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/cjn.2020.14","journal-title":"Canadian Journal Of Neurological Sciences"},{"key":"1207_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2010.06.008","volume":"16","author":"BM Wand","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wand, B. M., Parkitny, L., O\u2019Connell, N. E., Luomajoki, H., McAuley, J. H., Thacker, M., & Moseley, G. L. (2011). Cortical changes in chronic low back pain: current state of the art and implications for clinical practice. Manual therapy, 16, 15\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.math.2010.06.008","journal-title":"Manual therapy"},{"key":"1207_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.05.068","volume":"141","author":"AM Winkler","year":"2016","unstructured":"Winkler, A. M., Ridgway, G. R., Douaud, G., Nichols, T. E., & Smith, S. M. (2016). Faster permutation inference in brain imaging. Neuroimage, 141, 502\u2013516. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.05.068","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"1207_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1002\/art.37920","volume":"65","author":"Q Wu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wu, Q., Inman, R. D., & Davis, K. D. (2013). Neuropathic pain in ankylosing spondylitis: a psychophysics and brain imaging study. Arthritis and rheumatism, 65, 1494\u20131503. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.37920","journal-title":"Arthritis and rheumatism"},{"key":"1207_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-018-1644-6","volume":"20","author":"S Zhao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhao, S., Thong, D., Miller, N., Duffield, S. J., Hughes, D. M., Chadwick, L., & Goodson, N. J. (2018). The prevalence of depression in axial spondyloarthritis and its association with disease activity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arthritis research & therapy, 20, 140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13075-018-1644-6","journal-title":"Arthritis research & therapy"},{"key":"1207_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-015-0281-0","volume":"12","author":"S Zonis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zonis, S., Pechnick, R. N., Ljubimov, V. A., Mahgerefteh, M., Wawrowsky, K., Michelsen, K. S., & Chesnokova, V. (2015). Chronic intestinal inflammation alters hippocampal neurogenesis. J Neuroinflammation, 12, 65. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-015-0281-0","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"}],"container-title":["Brain Imaging and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11682-026-01207-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11682-026-01207-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11682-026-01207-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T06:48:11Z","timestamp":1791528491000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11682-026-01207-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["1207"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11682-026-01207-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1931-7565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1931-7565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 September 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 October 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The research protocol received ethical approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee of the General Hospital of Central Command (Reference: [2025] 15\u2013101) and adhered to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors affirm that human research participants provided informed consent for publication.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"139"}}