{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:36:39Z","timestamp":1787315799117,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,6]],"date-time":"2018-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522972800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,6]],"date-time":"2018-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522972800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11684-017-0603-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,6]],"date-time":"2018-04-06T16:22:30Z","timestamp":1523031750000},"page":"126-130","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in pediatrics: a report of seven cases from Saudi Arabia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Sarah H.","family":"Alfaraj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaffar A.","family":"Al-Tawfiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Talal A.","family":"Altuwaijri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziad A.","family":"Memish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"19","key":"603_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1814","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1211721","volume":"367","author":"AM Zaki","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zaki AM, van Boheemen S, Bestebroer TM, Osterhaus ADME, Fouchier RAM. Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia. N Engl J Med 2012; 367(19): 1814\u20131820","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"603_CR2","first-page":"281","volume":"7","author":"JA Al-Tawfiq","year":"2014","unstructured":"Al-Tawfiq JA, Memish ZA. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: epidemiology and disease control measures. Infect Drug Resist 2014; 7: 281\u2013287","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"issue":"5","key":"603_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1306742","volume":"369","author":"A Assiri","year":"2013","unstructured":"Assiri A, McGeer A, Perl TM, Price CS, Al Rabeeah AA, Cummings DAT, Alabdullatif ZN, Assad M, Almulhim A, Makhdoom H, Madani H, Alhakeem R, Al-Tawfiq JA, Cotten M, Watson SJ, Kellam P, Zumla AI, Memish ZA; KSA MERS-CoV Investigation Team. Hospital outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. N Engl J Med 2013; 369(5): 407\u2013416","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"603_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70204-4","volume":"13","author":"A Assiri","year":"2013","unstructured":"Assiri A, Al-Tawfiq JA, Al-Rabeeah AA, Al-Rabiah FA, Al-Hajjar S, Al-Barrak A, Flemban H, Al-Nassir WN, Balkhy HH, Al-Hakeem RF, Makhdoom HQ, Zumla AI, Memish ZA. Epidemiological, demographic, and clinical characteristics of 47 cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease from Saudi Arabia: a descriptive study. Lancet Infect Dis 2013; 13(9): 752\u2013761","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"39","key":"603_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20596","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES2013.18.39.20596","volume":"18","author":"PM Penttinen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Penttinen PM, Kaasik-Aaslav K, Friaux A, Donachie A, Sudre B, Amato-Gauci AJ, Memish ZA, Coulombier D. Taking stock of the first 133 MERS coronavirus cases globally\u2014is the epidemic changing? Euro Surveill 2013; 18(39): 20596","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"603_CR6","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). WHO, 2017"},{"issue":"9","key":"603_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1408636","volume":"372","author":"IK Oboho","year":"2015","unstructured":"Oboho IK, Tomczyk SM, Al-Asmari AM, Banjar AA, Al-Mugti H, Aloraini MS, Alkhaldi KZ, Almohammadi EL, Alraddadi BM, Gerber SI, Swerdlow DL, Watson JT, Madani TA. 2014 MERSCoV outbreak in Jeddah\u2014a link to health care facilities. N Engl J Med 2015; 372(9): 846\u2013854","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"603_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu812","volume":"60","author":"C Drosten","year":"2015","unstructured":"Drosten C, Muth D, Corman VM, Hussain R, Al Masri M, HajOmar W, Landt O, Assiri A, Eckerle I, Al Shangiti A, Al-Tawfiq JA, Albarrak A, Zumla A, Rambaut A, Memish ZA. An observational, laboratory-based study of outbreaks of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in Jeddah and Riyadh, kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2014. Clin Infect Dis 2015; 60(3): 369\u2013377","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"603_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1586\/17476348.2015.1027689","volume":"9","author":"JA Al-Tawfiq","year":"2015","unstructured":"Al-Tawfiq JA, Memish ZA. An update on Middle East respiratory syndrome: 2 years later. Expert Rev Respir Med 2015; 9(3): 327\u2013335","journal-title":"Expert Rev Respir Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"603_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2014.08.001","volume":"22","author":"JA Al-Tawfiq","year":"2014","unstructured":"Al-Tawfiq JA, Memish ZA. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: transmission and phylogenetic evolution. Trends Microbiol 2014; 22(10): 573\u2013579","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"603_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S12","DOI":"10.26719\/2013.19.supp1.S12","volume":"19","author":"B Hijawi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hijawi B, Abdallat M, Sayaydeh A, Alqasrawi S, Haddadin A, Jaarour N, Alsheikh S, Alsanouri T. Novel coronavirus infections in Jordan, April 2012: epidemiological findings from a retrospective investigation. East Mediterr Health J 2013; 19(Suppl 1): S12\u2013S18","journal-title":"East Mediterr Health J"},{"issue":"1","key":"603_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrp.2016.01.001","volume":"7","author":"Y Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim Y, Lee S, Chu C, Choe S, Hong S, Shin Y. The characteristics of Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome coronavirus transmission dynamics in South Korea. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2016; 7(1): 49\u201355","journal-title":"Osong Public Health Res Perspect"},{"issue":"2","key":"603_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2202.151700","volume":"22","author":"MW Seong","year":"2016","unstructured":"Seong MW, Kim SY, Corman VM, Kim TS, Cho SI, Kim MJ, Lee SJ, Lee JS, Seo SH, Ahn JS, Yu BS, Park N, Oh MD, Park WB, Lee JY, Kim G, Joh JS, Jeong I, Kim EC, Drosten C, Park SS. Microevolution of outbreak-associated Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, South Korea, 2015. Emerg Infect Dis 2016; 22(2): 327\u2013330","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"603_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2014.03.1372","volume":"23","author":"ZA Memish","year":"2014","unstructured":"Memish ZA, Cotten M, Watson SJ, Kellam P, Zumla A, Alhakeem RF, Assiri A, Rabeeah AA, Al-Tawfiq JA. Community case clusters of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in Hafr Al-Batin, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: a descriptive genomic study. Int J Infect Dis 2014; 23: 63\u201368","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"603_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000000325","volume":"33","author":"ZA Memish","year":"2014","unstructured":"Memish ZA, Al-Tawfiq JA, Assiri A, AlRabiah FA, Al Hajjar S, Albarrak A, Flemban H, Alhakeem RF, Makhdoom HQ, Alsubaie S, Al-Rabeeah AA. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2014; 33(9): 904\u2013906","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"603_CR16","unstructured":"WHO. MERS-CoV summary and literature update\u2014as of 20 June 2013. 2013. http:\/\/www.who.int\/csr\/disease\/coronavirus_infections\/ update_20130620\/en\/"},{"issue":"4","key":"603_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.5409\/wjcp.v5.i4.391","volume":"5","author":"JA Al-Tawfiq","year":"2016","unstructured":"Al-Tawfiq JA, Kattan RF, Memish ZA. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease is rare in children: an update from Saudi Arabia. World J Clin Pediatr 2016; 5(4): 391\u2013396","journal-title":"World J Clin Pediatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"603_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.24632","volume":"89","author":"SF Fagbo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fagbo SF, Garbati MA, Hasan R, AlShahrani D, Al-Shehri M, AlFawaz T, Hakawi A, Wani TA, Skakni L. Acute viral respiratory infections among children in MERS-endemic Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 2012\u20132013. J Med Virol 2017; 89(2): 195\u2013201","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"issue":"1","key":"603_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e011865","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011865","volume":"7","author":"FS Alhamlan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alhamlan FS, Majumder MS, Brownstein JS, Hawkins J, Al-Abdely HM, Alzahrani A, Obaid DA, Al-Ahdal MN, BinSaeed A. Case characteristics among Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus outbreak and non-outbreak cases in Saudi Arabia from 2012 to 2015. BMJ Open 2017; 7(1): e011865","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"603_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-2137-3","volume":"17","author":"FS Aleanizy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Aleanizy FS, Mohmed N, Alqahtani FY, El Hadi Mohamed RA. Outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in Saudi Arabia: a retrospective study. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17(1): 23","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"603_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2304.161793","volume":"23","author":"AA Saeed","year":"2017","unstructured":"Saeed AA, Abedi GR, Alzahrani AG, Salameh I, Abdirizak F, Alhakeem R, Algarni H, El Nil OA, Mohammed M, Assiri AM, Alabdely HM, Watson JT, Gerber SI. Surveillance and testing for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Saudi Arabia, April 2015\u2013February 2016. Emerg Infect Dis 2017; 23(4): 682\u2013685","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"603_CR22","unstructured":"Command and Control Center Ministry of Health Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Scientific Advisory Board. Infection Prevention and Control Guidelines for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Infection 2015. http:\/\/www.moh.gov.sa\/en\/CCC\/StaffRegulations\/ Corona\/Documents\/IPC Guidelines for MERS-coV Infection.pdf (accessed March 9, 2017)"},{"issue":"2","key":"603_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu226","volume":"59","author":"JA Al-Tawfiq","year":"2014","unstructured":"Al-Tawfiq JA, Hinedi K, Ghandour J, Khairalla H, Musleh S, Ujayli A, Memish ZA. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: a case-control study of hospitalized patients. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 59 (2): 160\u2013165","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"49","key":"603_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.17.49.20334-en","volume":"17","author":"VM Corman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Corman VM, M\u00fcller MA, Costabel U, Timm J, Binger T, Meyer B, Kreher P, Lattwein E, Eschbach-Bludau M, Nitsche A, Bleicker T, Landt O, Schweiger B, Drexler JF, Osterhaus AD, Haagmans BL, Dittmer U, Bonin F, Wolff T, Drosten C. Assays for laboratory confirmation of novel human coronavirus (hCoV-EMC) infections. Euro Surveill 2012; 17(49): 49","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"issue":"5","key":"603_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12562","volume":"20","author":"ZA Memish","year":"2014","unstructured":"Memish ZA, Al-Tawfiq JA, Makhdoom HQ, Al-Rabeeah AA, Assiri A, Alhakeem RF, AlRabiah FA, Al Hajjar S, Albarrak A, Flemban H, Balkhy H, Barry M, Alhassan S, Alsubaie S, Zumla A. Screening for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in hospital patients and their healthcare worker and family contacts: a prospective descriptive study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20(5): 469\u2013474","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"3","key":"603_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1080\/21548331.2015.1074029","volume":"43","author":"JA Al-Tawfiq","year":"2015","unstructured":"Al-Tawfiq JA, Memish ZA. Managing MERS-CoV in the healthcare setting. Hosp Pract (1995) 2015; 43(3): 158\u2013163","journal-title":"Hosp Pract (1995)"},{"issue":"3","key":"603_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2017.1271712","volume":"15","author":"JA Al-Tawfiq","year":"2017","unstructured":"Al-Tawfiq JA, Memish ZA. Update on therapeutic options for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2017; 15(3):269\u2013275","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"603_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s11684-016-0446-y","volume":"10","author":"JA Al-Tawfiq","year":"2016","unstructured":"Al-Tawfiq JA, Omrani AS, Memish ZA. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: current situation and travel-associated concerns. Front Med 2016; 10(2): 111\u2013119","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"603_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2016.09.008","volume":"14","author":"HA Mohd","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mohd HA, Memish ZA, Alfaraj SH, McClish D, Altuwaijri T, Alanazi MS, Aloqiel SA, Alenzi AM, Bafaqeeh F, Mohamed AM, Aldosari K, Ghazal S. Predictors of MERS-CoV infection: a large case control study of patients presenting with ILI at a MERS-CoV referral hospital in Saudi Arabia. Travel Med Infect Dis 2016; 14(5): 464\u2013470","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"603_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1111\/ijlh.12620","volume":"39","author":"JA Al-Tawfiq","year":"2017","unstructured":"Al-Tawfiq JA, Hinedi K, Abbasi S, Babiker M, Sunji A, Eltigani M. Hematologic, hepatic, and renal function changes in hospitalized patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Int J Lab Hematol 2017; 39(3): 272\u2013278","journal-title":"Int J Lab Hematol"},{"issue":"2","key":"603_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2017.07.006","volume":"89","author":"JH Ko","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ko JH, M\u00fcller MA, Seok H, Park GE, Lee JY, Cho SY, Ha YE, Baek JY, Kim SH, Kang JM, Kim YJ, Jo IJ, Chung CR, Hahn MJ, Drosten C, Kang CI, Chung DR, Song JH, Kang ES, Peck KR. Serologic responses of 42 MERS-coronavirus-infected patients according to the disease severity. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2017; 89(2): 106\u2013111","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"14","key":"603_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaan5393","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aan5393","volume":"2","author":"J Zhao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhao J, Alshukairi AN, Baharoon SA, Ahmed WA, Bokhari AA, Nehdi AM, Layqah LA, Alghamdi MG, Al Gethamy MM, Dada AM, Khalid I, Boujelal M, Al Johani SM, Vogel L, Subbarao K, Mangalam A,Wu C, Ten Eyck P, Perlman S, Zhao J. Recovery from the Middle East respiratory syndrome is associated with antibody and T-cell responses. Sci Immunol 2017; 2(14): eaan5393","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"},{"issue":"16","key":"603_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8651","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00614-15","volume":"89","author":"A Volz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Volz A, Kupke A, Song F, Jany S, Fux R, Shams-Eldin H, Schmidt J, Becker C, Eickmann M, Becker S, Sutter G. Protective efficacy of recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara delivering Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike glycoprotein. J Virol 2015; 89(16): 8651\u20138656","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"11","key":"603_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e112602","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0112602","volume":"9","author":"J Lan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lan J, Deng Y, Chen H, Lu G,Wang W, Guo X, Lu Z, Gao GF, Tan W. Tailoring subunit vaccine immunity with adjuvant combinations and delivery routes using the Middle East respiratory coronavirus (MERS-CoV) receptor-binding domain as an antigen. PLoS One 2014; 9(11): e112602","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"603_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2016.11.006","volume":"137","author":"WJ Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu WJ, Zhao M, Liu K, Xu K, Wong G, Tan W, Gao GF. T-cell immunity of SARS-CoV: implications for vaccine development against MERS-CoV. Antiviral Res 2017; 137: 82\u201392","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"603_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1601542","volume":"198","author":"WJ Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu WJ, Lan J, Liu K, Deng Y, Yao Y,Wu S, Chen H, Bao L, Zhang H, Zhao M, Wang Q, Han L, Chai Y, Qi J, Zhao J, Meng S, Qin C, Gao GF, Tan W. Protective T cell responses featured by concordant recognition of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirusderived CD8+ T cell epitopes and host MHC. J Immunol 2017; 198 (2): 873\u2013882","journal-title":"J Immunol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers of Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11684-017-0603-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11684-017-0603-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11684-017-0603-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T01:16:24Z","timestamp":1744161384000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11684-017-0603-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,6]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]}},"alternative-id":["603"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11684-017-0603-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["2095-0217","2095-0225"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2095-0217","type":"print"},{"value":"2095-0225","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 June 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 October 2017","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 April 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}