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Dirofilariosis is a mosquito-borne parasitic infection that predominantly affects dogs. Human <jats:italic>D. repens<\/jats:italic> infections have primarily been reported in Mediterranean countries, but are emerging throughout Central and Northern Europe.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The worm was removed surgically and identified using PCR and DNA sequencing. The consensus sequences were compared against reference sequences of <jats:italic>Dirofilaria repens<\/jats:italic> from GenBank.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The 56-year-old woman acquired the infection, which presented as a subcutaneous nodule, in Vienna, Austria. This is the second autochthonous case of human <jats:italic>D. repens<\/jats:italic> infection in Austria.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The reasons for the emergence of <jats:italic>D. repens<\/jats:italic> and other parasitic infections in Central and Northern Europe are manifold, including climate change and globalization. This case demonstrates that with the growing number of <jats:italic>D. repens<\/jats:italic> infections<jats:italic>,<\/jats:italic> health care professionals must place further emphasis on emerging infectious diseases to ensure appropriate diagnostics and treatment in the future.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11686-021-00506-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T08:02:55Z","timestamp":1641974575000},"page":"1039-1043","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Autochthonous Human Dirofilaria repens Infection in Austria"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4947-128X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nora","family":"Geissler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Ruff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Walochnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilhelm","family":"Ludwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herbert","family":"Auer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ursula","family":"Wiedermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Werner","family":"Geissler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"506_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004547","volume":"10","author":"HP Fuehrer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fuehrer HP, Auer H, Leschnik M, Silbermayr K, Duscher G, Joachim A (2016) Dirofilaria in humans, dogs, and vectors in Austria (1978\u20132014)-from imported pathogens to the endemicity of Dirofilaria repens. 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