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Available chemotherapeutic agents exhibit limited efficacy and are associated with numerous side effects. This study evaluated the ameliorative effects of blue LED irradiated and non-irradiated fenugreek seed extracts on experimental trichinosis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Eighty-four mice were divided into seven groups; each further subdivided into intestinal and muscular phases (six mice per subgroup): non-infected non-treated controls, infected non-treated controls, infected albendazole-treated, infected non-irradiated fenugreek extract-treated, infected blue LED irradiated fenugreek extract-treated, infected non-irradiated fenugreek and albendazole-treated, and infected blue LED irradiated fenugreek and albendazole-treated. Mice were sacrificed on the 7th-day post-infection for the intestinal phase and the 40th day for the muscular phase. Small intestine, muscle tissues, and serum samples were collected to assess parasitic load, histopathological changes, TGF-\u03b2 immunohistochemical expression, serum IFN-\u03b3 levels, oxidative stress markers (MDA, nitrate\/SOD, and catalase), and <jats:italic>BAX<\/jats:italic> gene expression as an apoptotic marker. Metabolomic profiling of extract was pursued to spot differential expression of metabolites.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Study outcomes demonstrated that blue LED irradiated and non-irradiated fenugreek seed extracts combined with albendazole exhibited superior efficacy in reducing adult and larval burdens, improving pathological changes, decreasing IFN-\u03b3 levels, mitigating oxidative stress (reduced MDA and nitrate along with elevated SOD and catalase), and downregulating <jats:italic>BAX<\/jats:italic> expression. The observed metabolic differences were primarily driven by the upregulation of steroids, downregulation of most alkaloids, and dysregulation various flavonoids in the irradiated extract.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Blue LED irradiated and non-irradiated fenugreek seed extracts can enhance albendazole's activity against trichinosis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11686-025-01045-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T05:44:01Z","timestamp":1748843041000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Ameliorative Effects of Blue LED Irradiated and Non-Irradiated Fenugreek Seed Extracts on Murine Trichinosis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6767-6764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeinab R.","family":"Hassan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eman M.","family":"Mahmoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasmeen M.","family":"Shaaban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiamaa Zakaria","family":"Elshora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doaa E. 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The Protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine for Girls Al-Azhar University (RHDIRB\/2018122002, Protocol No. 2214\/2024).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"The authors affirm that the current animal study did not need this consent, but it was performed after they got the Ethical Committee approval for animal handling.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate and Publish"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Clinical Trial number"}}],"article-number":"119"}}