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These guidelines come from the ethical principles and the national norms and standards for conducting Medical Research of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran (Ethics Certificate Number: IR.UM.REC.1400.028). Furthermore, all field works were carried out with permission and approval by the Department of the Environment for sample collection (permits numbers: 96\/5612, 122\u2013902, 97\/773, 97\/10\/1\/744) of each location in this study. All birds were released after sampling, and all efforts were made to minimize their suffering.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"173"}}