{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T05:06:59Z","timestamp":1788671219108,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,7]],"date-time":"2019-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565136000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,7]],"date-time":"2019-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["OBES SURG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-019-03809-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,7]],"date-time":"2019-08-07T20:35:32Z","timestamp":1565210132000},"page":"3154-3164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Cardiovascular Events and Metabolic Outcomes in Obese Patients with Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes: a Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Alkharaiji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uchenna","family":"Anyanwagu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Donnelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7548-8288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iskandar","family":"Idris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"3809_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62037-5","volume":"377","author":"MM Finucane","year":"2011","unstructured":"Finucane MM, Stevens GA, Cowan MJ, et al. Global burden of metabolic risk factors of chronic diseases collaborating group (body mass index) national, regional, and global trends in body-mass index since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 960 country-years and 9.1 million participants. Lancet. 2011;377:557\u201367.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3809_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa055643","volume":"355","author":"KF Adams","year":"2006","unstructured":"Adams KF, Schatzkin A, Harris TB, et al. Overweight, obesity, and mortality in a large prospective cohort of persons 50 to 71 years old. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:763\u201378.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3809_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.02.038","volume":"57","author":"HE Bays","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bays HE. Adiposopathy is \u201csick fat\u201d a cardiovascular disease? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;57:2461\u201373.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"3809_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S25","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0802215","volume":"26","author":"J Vidal","year":"2002","unstructured":"Vidal J. Updated review on the benefits of weight loss. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2002;26(Suppl 4):S25\u20138.","journal-title":"Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord"},{"key":"3809_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"g2646","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g2646","volume":"348","author":"SU Dombrowski","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dombrowski SU, Knittle K, Avenell A, et al. Long term maintenance of weight loss with non-surgical interventions in obese adults: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials. BMJ. 2014;348:g2646.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"3809_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4331","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-017-5505-1","volume":"31","author":"M Golzarand","year":"2017","unstructured":"Golzarand M, Toolabi K, Farid R. The bariatric surgery and weight losing: a meta-analysis in the long- and very long-term effects of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on weight loss in adults. Surg Endosc. 2017;31:4331\u201345.","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"3809_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(15)00334-4","volume":"3","author":"B Eliasson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Eliasson B, Liakopoulos V, Franz\u00e9n S, et al. Cardiovascular disease and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes after bariatric surgery in Sweden: a nationwide, matched, observational cohort study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2015;3:847\u201354.","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"3809_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2613","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-0193","volume":"35","author":"S Romeo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Romeo S, Maglio C, Burza MA, et al. Cardiovascular events after bariatric surgery in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2012;35:2613\u20137.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"3809_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2012-301778","volume":"98","author":"AR Vest","year":"2012","unstructured":"Vest AR, Heneghan HM, Agarwal S, et al. Bariatric surgery and cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review. Heart. 2012;98:1763\u201377.","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"3809_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0806470","volume":"359","author":"RR Holman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Holman RR, Paul SK, Bethel MA, et al. 10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2008;359:1577\u201389.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"3809_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2006.00686.x","volume":"9","author":"D Russell-Jones","year":"2007","unstructured":"Russell-Jones D, Khan R. Insulin-associated weight gain in diabetes \u2013 causes, effects and coping strategies. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2007;9(6):799\u2013812.","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"3809_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2017.09.001","volume":"60","author":"ME Herman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Herman ME, O'Keefe JH, Bell DSH, et al. Insulin therapy increases cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2017;60:422\u201334.","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"3809_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2545","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0802743","volume":"358","author":"The Action to Control Cardiovascular risk in diabetes study Group","year":"2008","unstructured":"The Action to Control Cardiovascular risk in diabetes study Group. Effects of intensive glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:2545.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9933","key":"3809_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60794-7","volume":"383","author":"RR Holman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Holman RR, Sourij H, Califf RM. Cardiovascular outcome trials of glucose-lowering drugs or strategies in type 2 diabetes. Lancet. 2014;383(9933):2008\u201317.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"3809_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-3042","volume":"98","author":"CJ Currie","year":"2013","unstructured":"Currie CJ, Poole CD, Evans M, et al. Mortality and other important diabetes-related outcomes with insulin vs other antihyperglycemic therapies in type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013;98(2):668\u201377.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"22","key":"3809_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2288","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.4312","volume":"311","author":"CL Roumie","year":"2014","unstructured":"Roumie CL, Greevy RA, Grijalva CG, et al. Association between intensification of metformin treatment with insulin vs sulfonylureas and cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality among patients with diabetes. Jama. 2014;311(22):2288\u201396.","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"3809_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2008.06.001","volume":"37","author":"R Muniyappa","year":"2008","unstructured":"Muniyappa R, Iantorno M, Quon MJ. An integrated view of insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction. Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am. 2008;37:685\u2013711.","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"3809_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2008.00981.x","volume":"11","author":"MWJ Van Avendonk","year":"2009","unstructured":"Van Avendonk MWJ, Rutten GEH. Insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes: what is the evidence? Diabetes Obes Metab. 2009;11(5):415\u201332.","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"3809_CR19","unstructured":"The Heath Improvement Network (THIN).15 Nov 2018. Available from: \n                    https:\/\/www.iqvia.com\/locations\/uk-and-ireland\/thin\n                    \n                  . Accessed 15 Nov 2018"},{"key":"3809_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.12182","volume":"49","author":"MM Garrido","year":"2014","unstructured":"Garrido MM, Kelley AS, Paris J, et al. Methods for constructing and assessing propensity scores. Health Serv Res. 2014;49:1701\u201320.","journal-title":"Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"S2","key":"3809_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3263","volume":"21","author":"JA Rassen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rassen JA, Shelat AA, Myers J, et al. One-to-many propensity score matching in cohort studies. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2012;21(S2):69\u201380.","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"3809_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwq224","volume":"172","author":"PC Austin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Austin PC. Statistical criteria for selecting the optimal number of untreated subjects matched to each treated subject when using many-to-one matching on the propensity score. Am J Epidemiol. 2010;172:1092\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"3809_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-75","volume":"14","author":"TP Morris","year":"2014","unstructured":"Morris TP, White IR, Royston P. Tuning multiple imputation by predictive mean matching and local residual draws. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2014;14:75.","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"3809_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0165705","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0165705","volume":"11","author":"C Eulenburg","year":"2016","unstructured":"Eulenburg C, Suling A, Neuser P, et al. Propensity scoring after multiple imputation in a retrospective study on adjuvant radiation therapy in lymph-node positive vulvar Cancer. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0165705.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"3809_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-0407.12851","volume":"11","author":"Nafeesa N. Dhalwani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dhalwani NN, Zaccardi F, Waheed H, et al. Cardiovascular, cancer and mortality events after bariatric surgery in people with and without pre-existing diabetes: a nationwide study. J Diabetes. 2018. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1753-0407.12851\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Journal of Diabetes"},{"key":"3809_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2015.12.034","volume":"247","author":"Y Huang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Huang Y, Xu M, Xie L, et al. Obesity and peripheral arterial disease: a Mendelian randomization analysis. Atherosclerosis. 2016;247:218\u201324.","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis."},{"key":"3809_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"h5364","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h5364","volume":"351","author":"M Ekelund","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ekelund M, Filipsson K, Tengmark BO, et al. Liraglutide in people treated for type 2 diabetes with multiple daily insulin injections: randomised clinical trial (MDI Liraglutide trial). BMJ. 2015;351:h5364. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.h5364\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"3809_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12262","volume":"16","author":"C Mathieu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mathieu C, Rodbard HW, Cariou B, et al. A comparison of adding liraglutide versus a single daily dose of insulin aspart to insulin degludec in subjects with type 2 diabetes (BEGIN: VICTOZA ADD-ON). Diabetes Obes Metab. 2014;16:636\u201344.","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"3809_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2017.10.003","volume":"196","author":"U Anyanwagu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Anyanwagu U, Mamza J, Donnelly R, et al. Effect of adding GLP-1RA on mortality, cardiovascular events, and metabolic outcomes among insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes: a large retrospective UK cohort study. Am Heart J. 2018;196:18\u201327.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"3809_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2002","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1401329","volume":"370","author":"PR Schauer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schauer PR, Bhatt DL, Kirwan JP, et al. Bariatric surgery versus intensive medical therapy for diabetes\u20133-year outcomes. N Engl J Med. 2014;370:2002\u201313.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3809_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00075-6","volume":"386","author":"G Mingrone","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mingrone G, Panunzi S, De Gaetano A, et al. Bariatric-metabolic surgery versus conventional medical treatment in obese patients with type 2 diabetes: 5 year follow-up of an open-label, singlecentre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2015;386:964\u201373.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3809_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2240","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.5835","volume":"309","author":"S Ikramuddin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ikramuddin S, Korner J, Lee W-J, et al. Rouxen-Y gastric bypass vs intensive medical management for the control of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia: the Diabetes Surgery Study randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2013;309:2240\u20139.","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["Obesity Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11695-019-03809-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11695-019-03809-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11695-019-03809-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]],"date-time":"2020-08-05T23:29:48Z","timestamp":1596670188000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11695-019-03809-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,7]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]}},"alternative-id":["3809"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11695-019-03809-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-8923","1708-0428"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-8923","type":"print"},{"value":"1708-0428","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 August 2019","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Ethics approval was provided by the NHS South East Multi-centre Research Ethics Committee (MREC).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of Interest"}}]}}