{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T02:51:07Z","timestamp":1776307867828,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]],"date-time":"2023-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682380800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]],"date-time":"2023-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["OBES SURG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract\n<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background\n<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\nIn addition to the reduction of symptomatic gallstone disease, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) might also have beneficial metabolic effects after bariatric surgery. We examined the impact of UDCA on liver enzymes, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), lipids, and inflammation markers.\n<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Patients in the UPGRADE trial (placebo-controlled, double-blind) were randomized between UDCA 900\u00a0mg daily or placebo pills for 6\u00a0months after bariatric surgery. Patients without blood measurements pre- or 6\u00a0months postoperatively were excluded. The change in liver enzymes, Hba1c, lipids, and inflammation markers after surgery were compared between the UDCA and placebo group, followed by a postoperative cross-sectional comparison.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In total, 513 patients were included (age [mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD] 45.6\u2009\u00b1\u200910.7\u00a0years; 79% female). Preoperative blood values did not differ between UDCA (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009266) and placebo (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009247) groups. Increase of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was greater in the UDCA group (mean difference 3.81 U\/l [95%CI 0.50 7.12]). Change in other liver enzymes, HbA1c, lipids, and CRP levels did not differ. Postoperative cross-sectional comparison in 316 adherent patients also revealed a higher total cholesterol (mean difference 0.25\u00a0mg\/dl [95%CI 0.07\u20130.42]), lower aspartate aminotransferase (mean difference\u2009\u22123.12 U\/l [\u22125.16\u00a0\u2013\u2009\u22121.08]), and lower alanine aminotransferase level (mean difference\u2009\u22125.89 U\/l [\u22129.41\u00a0\u2013\u2009\u22122.37]) in the UDCA group.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>UDCA treatment leads to a higher, but clinically irrelevant increase in ALP level in patients 6\u00a0months after bariatric surgery. No other changes in metabolic or inflammatory markers were observed. Except for the reduction of gallstone formation, UDCA has no effects after bariatric surgery.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                \n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-023-06581-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]],"date-time":"2023-04-25T18:03:07Z","timestamp":1682445787000},"page":"1773-1781","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Ursodeoxycholic Acid Use After Bariatric Surgery: Effects on Metabolic and Inflammatory Blood Markers"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0966-7819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maimoena S. 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All procedures performed in the UPGRADE trial were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed Consent"}},{"value":"Max Nieuwdorp is supported by a ZONMW VICI grant 2020 [number 09150182010020]. Max Nieuwdorp and Victor Gerdes are supported by the NNF GUTMMM grant 2016 NNF15OC0016798. All other authors do not have any conflict of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}}]}}