{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T01:58:28Z","timestamp":1788919108108,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]],"date-time":"2024-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725494400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]],"date-time":"2024-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001631","name":"University College Dublin","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001631","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001631","name":"University College Dublin","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001631","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["OBES SURG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Constipation is prevalent after bariatric surgery and glucagon-like-peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogues. Increasing fat content in the distal small intestine and colon can enhance colonic peristalsis, potentially alleviating symptoms of constipation.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We investigated whether oleic acid can ameliorate constipation in patients undergoing bariatric surgery or receiving GLP-1 analogues.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Fourteen adults with chronic constipation according to Rome IV criteria following bariatric surgery or GLP-1 analogues were on stable treatment for constipation for more than 4 weeks. This randomized double-blind crossover trial compared microcapsules containing 21.25 g of oleic acid delivered in the distal small intestine or the stomach. The primary outcome was changed in the number of bowel motions over 24 h. Exploratory endpoints included alterations in straining, diarrhoea, faecal leakage over 24 h and hunger, fullness, nausea and calorie intake for the 3 h after ingesting the microcapsules.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Receiving oleic acid into the distal small intestine increased number of bowel movements per day (2.5 vs 1.1, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009) and caused softer stool consistency (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03). 9\/14 of the control group passed motions and 13\/14 of the intervention group passed motions in 24\u00a0h (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.059). No significant differences were observed in straining (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.65), rapid bowel movements (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.08), accidental leakage (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.32), hunger, fullness, nausea or food intake between the groups (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). There were no disparities in safety profile between groups.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Microcapsules containing oleic acid delivered to the distal small intestine appear to be a safe and effective relief from chronic constipation in patients undergoing bariatric surgery and\/or receiving GLP-1 analogues.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                \n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-024-07492-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]],"date-time":"2024-09-05T07:05:36Z","timestamp":1725519936000},"page":"3807-3812","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Laxative Properties of Microencapsulated Oleic Acid Delivered to the Distal Small Intestine in Patients with Constipation after Bariatric Surgery or Treatment with Glucagon-Like- Peptide 1 Analogues"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5250-8269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed W.","family":"Al-Humadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Werd","family":"Al-Najim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sinead","family":"Bleiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carel W.","family":"le Roux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"7492_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1080\/17474124.2020.1708718","volume":"14","author":"I Aziz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aziz I, et al. 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Food Funct. 2015;6(1):203\u20139.","journal-title":"Food Funct"}],"container-title":["Obesity Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11695-024-07492-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11695-024-07492-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11695-024-07492-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]],"date-time":"2024-10-09T14:12:12Z","timestamp":1728483132000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11695-024-07492-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["7492"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11695-024-07492-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-8923","1708-0428"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-8923","type":"print"},{"value":"1708-0428","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 May 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 August 2024","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 August 2024","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 September 2024","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All the procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all the individual participants included in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed Consent Statement"}},{"value":"CWlR: reports grants from the Irish Research Council, Science Foundation Ireland, AnaBio and the Health Research Board. He serves on advisory boards and speaker panels of Novo Nordisk, Herbalife, GI Dynamics, Eli Lilly, Johnson & Johnson, Glia, Irish Life Health, Boehringer Ingelheim, Currax, Zealand Pharma and Rhythm Pharma. ClR is a member of the Irish Society for Nutrition and Metabolism outside the area of work commented on here. He was the chief medical officer and director of the Medical Device Division of Keyron in 2021. Both of these are unremunerated positions. ClR was a previous investor in Keyron, which develops endoscopically implantable medical devices intended to mimic the surgical procedures of sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass. No patients have been included in any of Keyron\u2019s studies, and they are not listed on the stock market. ClR was gifted stock holdings in September 2021 and divested all stock holdings in Keyron in September, 2021. He continues to provide scientific advice to Keyron for no remuneration. ClR provides obesity clinical care in the Beyond BMI clinic and is a shareholder in the clinic. AWA, W A and SB: no conflict of interests","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}]}}