{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:51:55Z","timestamp":1791391915565,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787270400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001502","name":"Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001502","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["OBES SURG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-026-08905-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T01:18:12Z","timestamp":1787275092000},"page":"5154-5163","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of Index Adopter Characteristics With Peer Surgeon Adoption of Robotic Bariatric Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Jayson","family":"Marwaha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Bucala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akram","family":"Irshaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver A.","family":"Varban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johnathan F.","family":"Finks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nabeel","family":"Obeid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Kia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Stricklen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Charbeneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hope T.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir A.","family":"Ghaferi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur M.","family":"Carlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"8905_CR1","first-page":"1035","volume":"16","author":"JM Nassif","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nassif JM, Cusimano MA, Mah J, et al. Trends in robotic surgery utilization across surgical specialties: a nationwide analysis. J Robot Surg. 2022;16(5):1035\u201344.","journal-title":"J Robot Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"8905_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1918911","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.18911","volume":"3","author":"KH Sheetz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sheetz KH, Claflin J, Dimick JB. Trends in the adoption of robotic surgery for common surgical procedures. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(1):e1918911.","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"8905_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2012.10.024","volume":"189","author":"HD Patel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Patel HD, Mullins JK, Pierorazio PM, et al. Trends in renal surgery: robotic technology is associated with increased use of partial nephrectomy. J Urol. 2013;189(4):1229\u201335.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8905_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2016.03.001","volume":"96","author":"AC Celio","year":"2016","unstructured":"Celio AC, Pories WJ. A history of bariatric surgery: the maturation of a medical discipline. Surg Clin North Am. 2016;96(4):655\u201367.","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"issue":"17","key":"8905_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1200225","volume":"366","author":"PR Schauer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schauer PR, Kashyap SR, Wolski K, et al. Bariatric surgery versus intensive medical therapy in obese patients with diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(17):1567\u201376.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"8905_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2018.0495","volume":"153","author":"DA Telem","year":"2018","unstructured":"Telem DA, Dimick JB. Practical guide to surgical data sets: MBSAQIP. JAMA Surg. 2018;153(8):766\u20137.","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"8905_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000000375","volume":"260","author":"BN Reames","year":"2014","unstructured":"Reames BN, Ghaferi AA, Birkmeyer JD, Dimick JB. Hospital volume and operative mortality in the modern era. Ann Surg. 2014;260(2):244\u201351.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"22","key":"8905_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa035205","volume":"349","author":"JD Birkmeyer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Birkmeyer JD, Stukel TA, Siewers AE, et al. Surgeon volume and operative mortality in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2003;349(22):2117\u201327.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"22","key":"8905_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2128","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1010705","volume":"364","author":"JF Finks","year":"2011","unstructured":"Finks JF, Osborne NH, Birkmeyer JD. Trends in hospital volume and operative mortality for high-risk surgery. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(22):2128\u201337.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"8905_CR10","volume-title":"Diffusion of Innovations","author":"EM Rogers","year":"2003","unstructured":"Rogers EM. Diffusion of Innovations. 5th ed. Free Press; 2003.","edition":"5th ed"},{"issue":"4","key":"8905_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0887-378X.2004.00325.x","volume":"82","author":"T Greenhalgh","year":"2004","unstructured":"Greenhalgh T, Robert G, Macfarlane F, Bate P, Kyriakidou O. Diffusion of innovations in service organizations: systematic review. Milbank Q. 2004;82(4):581\u2013629.","journal-title":"Milbank Q"},{"issue":"3","key":"8905_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1097\/00004010-200207000-00007","volume":"27","author":"JL Denis","year":"2002","unstructured":"Denis JL, H\u00e9bert Y, Langley A, Lozeau D, Trottier LH. Explaining diffusion patterns for complex health care innovations. Health Care Manage Rev. 2002;27(3):60\u201373.","journal-title":"Health Care Manage Rev"},{"key":"8905_CR13","volume-title":"Medical Innovation: A Diffusion Study","author":"JS Coleman","year":"1966","unstructured":"Coleman JS, Katz E, Menzel H. Medical Innovation: A Diffusion Study. Bobbs-Merrill; 1966."},{"issue":"1","key":"8905_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1177\/000271629956600105","volume":"566","author":"TW Valente","year":"1999","unstructured":"Valente TW, Davis RL. Accelerating the diffusion of innovations using opinion leaders. Ann Am Acad Pol Soc Sci. 1999;566(1):55\u201367.","journal-title":"Ann Am Acad Pol Soc Sci"},{"issue":"5996","key":"8905_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1185231","volume":"329","author":"D Centola","year":"2010","unstructured":"Centola D. The spread of behavior in an online social network experiment. Science. 2010;329(5996):1194\u20137.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"8905_CR16","first-page":"98","volume":"144","author":"J Nabi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nabi J, Friedlander DF, Gild P, et al. The association of peer surgeon adoption of robotic surgery and subsequent adoption. Urology. 2020;144:98\u2013103.","journal-title":"Urology"},{"issue":"2","key":"8905_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000000291","volume":"53","author":"JM Hollingsworth","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hollingsworth JM, Funk RJ, Garrison SA, et al. Differences between physician social networks for cardiac surgery. Med Care. 2015;53(2):160\u20137.","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"8905_CR18","unstructured":"Burke MA, Fournier GM, Prasad K. Physician social networks and geographical variation in medical care. Brookings Institution Working Paper. 2003."},{"issue":"5","key":"8905_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1162\/REST_a_00535","volume":"97","author":"J Skinner","year":"2015","unstructured":"Skinner J, Staiger D. Technology diffusion and productivity growth in health care. Rev Econ Stat. 2015;97(5):951\u201364.","journal-title":"Rev Econ Stat"},{"issue":"1","key":"8905_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1086\/512249","volume":"115","author":"A Chandra","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chandra A, Staiger D. Productivity spillovers in health care: evidence from the treatment of heart attacks. J Polit Econ. 2007;115(1):103\u201340.","journal-title":"J Polit Econ"},{"issue":"1","key":"8905_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1257\/pol.20160319","volume":"10","author":"D Molitor","year":"2018","unstructured":"Molitor D. The evolution of physician practice styles: evidence from cardiologist migration. Am Econ J Econ Policy. 2018;10(1):326\u201356.","journal-title":"Am Econ J Econ Policy"},{"issue":"7","key":"8905_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.186","volume":"309","author":"JD Wright","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wright JD, Ananth CV, Lewin SN, et al. Robotically assisted vs laparoscopic hysterectomy among women with benign gynecologic disease. JAMA. 2013;309(7):689\u201398.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"8905_CR23","first-page":"310","volume":"94","author":"SR Markar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Markar SR, Karthikesalingam AP, Hanna GB, Hashemi M. The impact of proctoring on clinical outcomes following oesophagectomy. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2012;94(5):310\u20135.","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"issue":"4","key":"8905_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1067\/j.cpsurg.2008.12.003","volume":"46","author":"S Tsuda","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tsuda S, Scott D, Doyle J, Jones DB. Surgical skills training and simulation. Curr Probl Surg. 2009;46(4):271\u2013370.","journal-title":"Curr Probl Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"8905_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1034","volume":"304","author":"NJ Birkmeyer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Birkmeyer NJ, Dimick JB, Share D, et al. Hospital complication rates with bariatric surgery in Michigan. JAMA. 2010;304(4):435\u201342.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"8905_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e318230058c","volume":"254","author":"JF Finks","year":"2011","unstructured":"Finks JF, Kole KL, Yenumula PR, et al. Predicting risk for serious complications with bariatric surgery. Ann Surg. 2011;254(4):633\u201340.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"8905_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.2010.220","volume":"145","author":"DA Campbell Jr","year":"2010","unstructured":"Campbell DA Jr, Englesbe MJ, Kubus JJ, et al. Accelerating the pace of surgical quality improvement. Arch Surg. 2010;145(10):985\u201391.","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"8905_CR28","first-page":"1017","volume":"150","author":"OA Varban","year":"2015","unstructured":"Varban OA, Thumma JR, Englesbe MJ, Dimick JB. Hospital variation in 30-day outcomes after bariatric surgery. JAMA Surg. 2015;150(10):1017\u20138.","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"8905_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3182879ded","volume":"257","author":"AM Carlin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Carlin AM, Zeni TM, English WJ, et al. The comparative effectiveness of sleeve gastrectomy, gastric bypass, and adjustable gastric banding. Ann Surg. 2013;257(5):791\u20137.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"8905_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2010.0526","volume":"30","author":"DA Share","year":"2011","unstructured":"Share DA, Campbell DA, Birkmeyer N, et al. How a regional collaborative of hospitals and physicians in Michigan cut costs and improved the quality of care. Health Aff. 2011;30(4):636\u201345.","journal-title":"Health Aff"},{"issue":"9596","key":"8905_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61602-X","volume":"370","author":"E von Elm","year":"2007","unstructured":"von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, et al. The STROBE statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Lancet. 2007;370(9596):1453\u20137.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"8905_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-011-2008-3","volume":"26","author":"NC Buchs","year":"2012","unstructured":"Buchs NC, Pugin F, Bucher P, Morel P. Learning curve for robot-assisted Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surg Endosc. 2012;26(4):1116\u201321.","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"1","key":"8905_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-011-0422-1","volume":"22","author":"ME Hagen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hagen ME, Pugin F, Chassot G, et al. Reducing cost of surgery by avoiding complications: robotic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Obes Surg. 2012;22(1):52\u201361.","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"8905_CR34","first-page":"4047","volume":"29","author":"RC Moon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Moon RC, Stephenson D, Royall NA, et al. Robot-assisted versus laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: learning curve and short-term outcomes. Obes Surg. 2019;29(12):4047\u201353.","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"8905_CR35","first-page":"19","volume":"13","author":"WH Rogers","year":"1993","unstructured":"Rogers WH. Regression standard errors in clustered samples. Stata Tech Bull. 1993;13:19\u201323.","journal-title":"Stata Tech Bull"},{"issue":"3","key":"8905_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/81.3.515","volume":"81","author":"PM Grambsch","year":"1994","unstructured":"Grambsch PM, Therneau TM. Proportional hazards tests and diagnostics based on weighted residuals. Biometrika. 1994;81(3):515\u201326.","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"8905_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781315370279","volume-title":"Generalized Additive Models: An Introduction with R","author":"SN Wood","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wood SN. Generalized Additive Models: An Introduction with R. 2nd ed. CRC Press; 2017.","edition":"2nd ed"},{"key":"8905_CR38","volume-title":"Generalized Additive Models","author":"TJ Hastie","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hastie TJ, Tibshirani RJ. Generalized Additive Models. CRC Press; 1990."},{"issue":"1","key":"8905_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01","volume":"67","author":"D Bates","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bates D, M\u00e4chler M, Bolker B, Walker S. Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4. J Stat Softw. 2015;67(1):1\u201348.","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"issue":"3","key":"8905_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1080\/00273171.2011.568786","volume":"46","author":"PC Austin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Austin PC. An introduction to propensity score methods for reducing confounding in observational studies. Multivar Behav Res. 2011;46(3):399\u2013424.","journal-title":"Multivar Behav Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"8905_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-200009000-00011","volume":"11","author":"JM Robins","year":"2000","unstructured":"Robins JM, Hern\u00e1n MA, Brumback B. Marginal structural models and causal inference in epidemiology. Epidemiology. 2000;11(5):550\u201360.","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"8905_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9781400829828","volume-title":"Mostly Harmless Econometrics","author":"JD Angrist","year":"2009","unstructured":"Angrist JD, Pischke JS. Mostly Harmless Econometrics. Princeton University Press; 2009."},{"issue":"430","key":"8905_CR43","first-page":"443","volume":"90","author":"J Bound","year":"1995","unstructured":"Bound J, Jaeger DA, Baker RM. Problems with instrumental variables estimation when correlation is weak. J Am Stat Assoc. 1995;90(430):443\u201350.","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"issue":"523","key":"8905_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.2017.1319839","volume":"113","author":"S Wager","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wager S, Athey S. Estimation and inference of heterogeneous treatment effects using random forests. J Am Stat Assoc. 2018;113(523):1228\u201342.","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"8905_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1214\/18-AOS1709","volume":"47","author":"S Athey","year":"2019","unstructured":"Athey S, Tibshirani J, Wager S. Generalized random forests. Ann Stat. 2019;47(2):1148\u201378.","journal-title":"Ann Stat"},{"issue":"27","key":"8905_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7353","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1510489113","volume":"113","author":"S Athey","year":"2016","unstructured":"Athey S, Imbens G. Recursive partitioning for heterogeneous causal effects. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016;113(27):7353\u201360.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"4","key":"8905_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.7326\/M16-2607","volume":"167","author":"TJ VanderWeele","year":"2017","unstructured":"VanderWeele TJ, Ding P. Sensitivity analysis in observational research: introducing the E-value. Ann Intern Med. 2017;167(4):268\u201374.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"8905_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1006602","volume":"363","author":"GI Barbash","year":"2010","unstructured":"Barbash GI, Glied SA. New technology and health care costs\u2014the case of robot-assisted surgery. N Engl J Med. 2010;363(8):701\u20134.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"8905_CR49","first-page":"121","volume":"61","author":"A Amodeo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Amodeo A, Linares Quevedo A, Joseph JV, et al. Robotic laparoscopic surgery: cost and training. Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2009;61(2):121\u20138.","journal-title":"Minerva Urol Nefrol"},{"issue":"12","key":"8905_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3502","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-017-6009-x","volume":"24","author":"T Schnelldorfer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schnelldorfer T. Financial implications and hospital profitability of robotic versus open gastrectomy. Ann Surg Oncol. 2017;24(12):3502\u20137.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8905_CR51","first-page":"855","volume":"30","author":"J Nabi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nabi J, Friedlander DF, Gild P, et al. Crowding-out effects in surgical technology adoption: evidence from robotic surgery. Health Econ. 2021;30(4):855\u201370.","journal-title":"Health Econ"},{"issue":"2","key":"8905_CR52","first-page":"327","volume":"25","author":"JR Lave","year":"1990","unstructured":"Lave JR, Frank RG. Effect of the structure of hospital payment on length of stay. Health Serv Res. 1990;25(2):327\u201347.","journal-title":"Health Serv Res"}],"container-title":["Obesity Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11695-026-08905-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11695-026-08905-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11695-026-08905-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:02:57Z","timestamp":1791388977000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11695-026-08905-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["8905"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11695-026-08905-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-8923","1708-0428"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-8923","type":"print"},{"value":"1708-0428","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 July 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 August 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 August 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Jayson Marwaha \u2013 NoneMatthew Bucala \u2013 NoneAkram Irshaid \u2013 NoneOliver Varban \u2013 Honorarium from Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan for leadership and participation in the Michigan Bariatric Surgery Collaborative.Jonathan Finks \u2013 Salary support from Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan for leadership and participation in the Michigan Bariatric Surgery Collaborative.Nabeel Obeid \u2013 Salary support from Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan for leadership and participation in the Michigan Bariatric Surgery Collaborative.Michael Kia \u2013 NoneAmanda Stricklen \u2013 NoneRachel Ross \u2013 NoneErin Charbeneau \u2013 NoneHope T. Jackson \u2013 NoneAmir Ghaferi \u2013 NoneArthur Carlin \u2013 Honorarium from Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan for leadership and participation in the Michigan Bariatric Surgery Collaborative.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}