{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T06:21:37Z","timestamp":1791872497909,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]],"date-time":"2020-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587686400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]],"date-time":"2020-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587686400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003197","name":"Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco, Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Tuscan County resolution DGRT 790\/2016 All. C."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Tuscan County resolution DGRT 790\/2016 All. C."]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003197","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intern Emerg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-020-02339-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]],"date-time":"2020-04-24T18:03:46Z","timestamp":1587751426000},"page":"1291-1302","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Risk of hospitalisation associated with benzodiazepines and z-drugs in Italy: a nationwide multicentre study in emergency departments"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Niccol\u00f2","family":"Lombardi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Bettiol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giada","family":"Crescioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Ravaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Bonaiuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Venegoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe Danilo","family":"Vighi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Mugelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Mannaioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5259-2026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfredo","family":"Vannacci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the MEREAFaPS Study group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2339_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"h2698","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h2698","volume":"350","author":"TW Park","year":"2015","unstructured":"Park TW, Saitz R, Ganoczy D, Ilgen MA, Bohnert AS (2015) Benzodiazepine prescribing patterns and deaths from drug overdose among US veterans receiving opioid analgesics: case-cohort study. BMJ 350:h2698","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2339_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"k3208","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k3208","volume":"362","author":"B Hayhoe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hayhoe B, Lee-Davey J (2018) Tackling benzodiazepine misuse. BMJ 362:k3208","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2339_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-019-02185-2","volume":"15","author":"S Tamburin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tamburin S, Lugoboni F (2019) High-dose lormetazepam dependence: strange case of Dr Jekyll and Mr. Hyde-reply. Intern Emerg Med 15:343\u2013345","journal-title":"Intern Emerg Med"},{"key":"2339_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"j2941","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j2941","volume":"358","author":"E Patorno","year":"2017","unstructured":"Patorno E, Glynn RJ, Levin R, Lee MP, Huybrechts KF (2017) Benzodiazepines and risk of all cause mortality in adults: cohort study. BMJ 358:j2941","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2339_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2115","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.16201","volume":"316","author":"N Shehab","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shehab N, Lovegrove MC, Geller AI, Rose KO, Weidle NJ, Budnitz DS (2016) US emergency department visits for outpatient adverse drug events, 2013\u20132014. JAMA 316:2115\u20132125","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2339_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.436","volume":"71","author":"LM Hampton","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hampton LM, Daubresse M, Chang HY, Alexander GC, Budnitz DS (2014) Emergency department visits by adults for psychiatric medication adverse events. JAMA Psychiatry 71:1006\u20131014","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"2339_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2017.04.023","volume":"35","author":"CN Kaufmann","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kaufmann CN, Spira AP, Alexander GC, Rutkow L, Mojtabai R (2017) Emergency department visits involving benzodiazepines and non-benzodiazepine receptor agonists. Am J Emerg Med 35:1414\u20131419","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"2339_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-018-2550-1","volume":"75","author":"C Lyphout","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lyphout C, Yates C, Margolin ZR, Dargan PI, Dines AM, Heyerdahl F, Hovda KE, Giraudon I, Bucher-Bartelson B, Green JL, Euro DENRG, Wood DM (2019) Presentations to the emergency department with non-medical use of benzodiazepines and Z-drugs: profiling and relation to sales data. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 75:77\u201385","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"2339_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2016.07.024","volume":"91","author":"M Markota","year":"2016","unstructured":"Markota M, Rummans TA, Bostwick JM, Lapid MI (2016) Benzodiazepine use in older adults: dangers, management, and alternative therapies. Mayo Clin Proc 91:1632\u20131639","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"2339_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1007\/s40268-017-0207-7","volume":"17","author":"J Brandt","year":"2017","unstructured":"Brandt J, Leong C (2017) Benzodiazepines and Z-drugs: an updated review of major adverse outcomes reported on in epidemiologic research. Drugs R D 17:493\u2013507","journal-title":"Drugs R D"},{"key":"2339_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afu145","volume":"44","author":"D O'Mahony","year":"2015","unstructured":"O'Mahony D, O'Sullivan D, Byrne S, O'Connor MN, Ryan C, Gallagher P (2015) STOPP\/START criteria for potentially inappropriate prescribing in older people: version 2. Age Ageing 44:213\u2013218","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"67","key":"2339_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.15767","volume":"2019","author":"By the American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria Update Expert P. American Geriatrics Society","year":"2019","unstructured":"By the American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria Update Expert P. American Geriatrics Society (2019) Updated AGS Beers Criteria(R) for Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Older Adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2019(67):674\u2013694","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"2339_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"k4524","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k4524","volume":"363","author":"T Perez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Perez T, Moriarty F, Wallace E, McDowell R, Redmond P, Fahey T (2018) Prevalence of potentially inappropriate prescribing in older people in primary care and its association with hospital admission: longitudinal study. BMJ 363:k4524","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2339_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S137403","volume":"12","author":"E Lucenteforte","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lucenteforte E, Lombardi N, Vetrano DL, La Carpia D, Mitrova Z, Kirchmayer U, Corrao G, Lapi F, Mugelli A, Vannacci A (2017) Inappropriate pharmacological treatment in older adults affected by cardiovascular disease and other chronic comorbidities: a systematic literature review to identify potentially inappropriate prescription indicators. Clin Interv Aging 12:1761\u20131778","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"2339_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2086","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2011.03563.x","volume":"106","author":"M Lader","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lader M (2011) Benzodiazepines revisited\u2013will we ever learn? Addiction 106:2086\u20132109","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"2339_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-014-1154-8","volume":"10","author":"S Di Somma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Di Somma S, Paladino L, Vaughan L, Lalle I, Magrini L, Magnanti M (2015) Overcrowding in emergency department: an international issue. Intern Emerg Med 10:171\u2013175","journal-title":"Intern Emerg Med"},{"key":"2339_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s40360-018-0207-4","volume":"19","author":"N Lombardi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lombardi N, Crescioli G, Bettiol A, Marconi E, Vitiello A, Bonaiuti R, Calvani AM, Masi S, Lucenteforte E, Mugelli A, Giovannelli L, Vannacci A (2018) Characterization of serious adverse drug reactions as cause of emergency department visit in children: a 5-years active pharmacovigilance study. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 19:16","journal-title":"BMC Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"2339_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00948","volume":"10","author":"N Lombardi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lombardi N, Crescioli G, Bettiol A, Tuccori M, Rossi M, Bonaiuti R, Ravaldi C, Levi M, Mugelli A, Ricci S, Lippi F, Azzari C, Bonanni P, Vannacci A (2019) Vaccines safety in children and in general population: a pharmacovigilance study on adverse Events following anti-infective vaccination in Italy. Front Pharmacol 10:948","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"2339_CR19","unstructured":"Italian Statistics Bureau (ISTAT). National Demographic Report 2018. Available at: https:\/\/www.istat.it\/it\/files\/\/2019\/07\/Statistica-report-Bilancio-demografico-2018.pdf. Last accessed: Sep 10, 2019"},{"key":"2339_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S20","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-500X.120942","volume":"4","author":"C Mazzitello","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mazzitello C, Esposito S, De Francesco AE, Capuano A, Russo E, De Sarro G (2013) Pharmacovigilance in Italy: An overview. J Pharmacol Pharmacother 4:S20\u2013S28","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Pharmacother"},{"key":"2339_CR21","unstructured":"Goodman and Gilman's the Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 15th Edition"},{"key":"2339_CR22","unstructured":"PubChem U.S. National Library of Medicine (PubChem)"},{"key":"2339_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1981.154","volume":"30","author":"CA Naranjo","year":"1981","unstructured":"Naranjo CA, Busto U, Sellers EM, Sandor P, Ruiz I, Roberts EA, Janecek E, Domecq C, Greenblatt DJ (1981) A method for estimating the probability of adverse drug reactions. Clin Pharmacol Ther 30:239\u2013245","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2339_CR24","unstructured":"European Medicine Agency (2017). Guideline on Good Pharmacovigilance Practices. Available at: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/docs\/en_GB\/document_library\/Regulatory_and_procedural_guideline\/2017\/08\/WC500232767.pdf. Last accessed: Sep 10, 2019."},{"key":"2339_CR25","unstructured":"OsMed National Reports on Medicines use in Italy. Available at: https:\/\/www.aifa.gov.it\/content\/rapporti-osmed-luso-dei-farmaci-italia. Last accessed: Sept 10, 2019."},{"key":"2339_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.9740\/mhc.2016.05.120","volume":"6","author":"A Schmitz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Schmitz A (2016) Benzodiazepine use, misuse, and abuse: A review. Mental Health Clin 6:120\u2013126","journal-title":"Mental Health Clin"},{"key":"2339_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0b013e328105e0f2","volume":"22","author":"S Petitjean","year":"2007","unstructured":"Petitjean S, Ladewig D, Meier CR, Amrein R, Wiesbeck GA (2007) Benzodiazepine prescribing to the Swiss adult population: results from a national survey of community pharmacies. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 22:292\u2013298","journal-title":"Int Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"2339_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1756","volume":"18","author":"SR Kjosavik","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kjosavik SR, Ruths S, Hunskaar S (2009) Psychotropic drug use in the Norwegian general population in 2005: data from the Norwegian Prescription Database. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 18:572\u2013578","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"2339_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-016-3740-0","volume":"31","author":"DS Kroll","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kroll DS, Nieva HR, Barsky AJ, Linder JA (2016) Benzodiazepines are prescribed more frequently to patients already at risk for benzodiazepine-related adverse events in primary care. J Gen Intern Med 31:1027\u20131034","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"2339_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-147-11-200712040-00006","volume":"147","author":"DS Budnitz","year":"2007","unstructured":"Budnitz DS, Shehab N, Kegler SR, Richards CL (2007) Medication use leading to emergency department visits for adverse drug events in older adults. Ann Intern Med 147:755\u2013765","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2339_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-019-02101-8","volume":"14","author":"M Faccini","year":"2019","unstructured":"Faccini M, Tamburin S, Casari R, Morbioli L, Lugoboni F (2019) High-dose lormetazepam dependence: strange case of Dr Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Intern Emerg Med 14:1271\u20131278","journal-title":"Intern Emerg Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2339_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11S","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1981.tb01833.x","volume":"11","author":"DJ Greenblatt","year":"1981","unstructured":"Greenblatt DJ, Shader RI, Divoll M, Harmatz JS (1981) Benzodiazepines: a summary of pharmacokinetic properties. Br J Clin Pharmacol 11(Suppl 1):11S\u201316S","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"2339_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/aft089","volume":"42","author":"OJ de Vries","year":"2013","unstructured":"de Vries OJ, Peeters G, Elders P, Sonnenberg C, Muller M, Deeg DJ, Lips P (2013) The elimination half-life of benzodiazepines and fall risk: two prospective observational studies. Age Ageing 42:764\u2013770","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"2339_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(00)00254-7","volume":"53","author":"A Passaro","year":"2000","unstructured":"Passaro A, Volpato S, Romagnoni F, Manzoli N, Zuliani G, Fellin R (2000) Benzodiazepines with different half-life and falling in a hospitalized population: The GIFA study. Gruppo Italiano di Farmacovigilanza nell'Anziano. J Clin Epidemiol 53:1222\u20139","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2339_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1995.00430160149015","volume":"155","author":"RM Herings","year":"1995","unstructured":"Herings RM, Stricker BH, Boer A, Bakker A, Sturmans F (1995) Benzodiazepines and the risk of falling leading to femur fractures. Dosage more important than elimination half-life. Arch Intern Med 155:1801\u20137","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2339_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3303","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03430230088031","volume":"262","author":"WA Ray","year":"1989","unstructured":"Ray WA, Griffin MR, Downey W (1989) Benzodiazepines of long and short elimination half-life and the risk of hip fracture. JAMA 262:3303\u20133307","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2339_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-007-9095-0","volume":"82","author":"P Vestergaard","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vestergaard P, Rejnmark L, Mosekilde L (2008) Anxiolytics and sedatives and risk of fractures: effects of half-life. Calcif Tissue Int 82:34\u201343","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"2339_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.6.892","volume":"158","author":"PS Wang","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wang PS, Bohn RL, Glynn RJ, Mogun H, Avorn J (2001) Hazardous benzodiazepine regimens in the elderly: effects of half-life, dosage, and duration on risk of hip fracture. Am J Psychiatry 158:892\u2013898","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2339_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.2165\/11533170-000000000-00000","volume":"24","author":"BE Smink","year":"2010","unstructured":"Smink BE, Egberts AC, Lusthof KJ, Uges DR, de Gier JJ (2010) The relationship between benzodiazepine use and traffic accidents: A systematic literature review. CNS Drugs 24:639\u2013653","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"2339_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2019.02.033","volume":"200","author":"VR Votaw","year":"2019","unstructured":"Votaw VR, Geyer R, Rieselbach MM, McHugh RK (2019) The epidemiology of benzodiazepine misuse: A systematic review. Drug Alcohol Depend 200:95\u2013114","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"2339_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"j760","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j760","volume":"356","author":"EC Sun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sun EC, Dixit A, Humphreys K, Darnall BD, Baker LC, Mackey S (2017) Association between concurrent use of prescription opioids and benzodiazepines and overdose: retrospective analysis. BMJ 356:j760","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2339_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6801a1","volume":"68","author":"JP VanHouten","year":"2019","unstructured":"VanHouten JP, Rudd RA, Ballesteros MF, Mack KA (2019) Drug Overdose Deaths Among Women Aged 30\u201364 Years - United States, 1999\u20132017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 68:1\u20135","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2339_CR43","unstructured":"National Institute on Drug Abuse. Overdose Death Rates. Available at: https:\/\/www.drugabuse.gov\/related-topics\/trends-statistics\/overdose-death-rates. Last Accessed: Sept 10, 2019"},{"key":"2339_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2016.303061","volume":"106","author":"MA Bachhuber","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bachhuber MA, Hennessy S, Cunningham CO, Starrels JL (2016) Increasing benzodiazepine prescriptions and overdose mortality in the United States, 1996\u20132013. Am J Public Health 106:686\u2013688","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"2339_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s002280050063","volume":"50","author":"N Magrini","year":"1996","unstructured":"Magrini N, Vaccheri A, Parma E, D'Alessandro R, Bottoni A, Occhionero M, Montanaro N (1996) Use of benzodiazepines in the Italian general population: prevalence, pattern of use and risk factors for use. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 50:19\u201325","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"2339_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v63n0912","volume":"63","author":"MM Ohayon","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ohayon MM, Lader MH (2002) Use of psychotropic medication in the general population of France, Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom. J Clin Psychiatry 63:817\u2013825","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"2339_CR47","first-page":"313","volume":"18","author":"U Gelatti","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gelatti U, Samani F, Donato F, Covolo L, Mazzaglia G, Cremaschini F, Simon G, Leggieri G, Balestrieri M (2006) Health-related quality of life in older people using benzodiazepines: a cross-sectional study. Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita 18:313\u2013326","journal-title":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita"},{"key":"2339_CR48","unstructured":"The misuse of benzodiazepines among high-risk opioid users in Europe. Available at: https:\/\/www.emcdda.europa.eu\/system\/files\/publications\/2733\/Misuse%20of%20benzos_POD2015.pdf. Last Accessed: Sept 10, 2019"},{"key":"2339_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"j790","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j790","volume":"356","author":"MH Basler","year":"2017","unstructured":"Basler MH (2017) Could we see a prescription opioid epidemic in the UK? BMJ 356:j790","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2339_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"j3881","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j3881","volume":"358","author":"M McCarthy","year":"2017","unstructured":"McCarthy M (2017) US declares opioid epidemic a \"national emergency\". BMJ 358:j3881","journal-title":"BMJ"}],"container-title":["Internal and Emergency Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11739-020-02339-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11739-020-02339-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11739-020-02339-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]],"date-time":"2022-04-21T08:07:01Z","timestamp":1650528421000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11739-020-02339-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["2339"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11739-020-02339-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1828-0447","1970-9366"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1828-0447","type":"print"},{"value":"1970-9366","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 October 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 April 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 April 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors report no relationships that could be construed as a conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any study with human and animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statement of human and animal rights"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}