{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T02:51:34Z","timestamp":1789181494038,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,30]],"date-time":"2021-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611964800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,30]],"date-time":"2021-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Ottawa Hospital Academic Medical Organization"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intern Emerg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-021-02631-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,30]],"date-time":"2021-01-30T09:03:12Z","timestamp":1611997392000},"page":"1935-1944","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The impact of an outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy (OPAT) clinic for adults with cellulitis: an interrupted time series study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1547-4634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krishan","family":"Yadav","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda M. S.","family":"Mattice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Yip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Rosenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Taljaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Joe","family":"Nemnom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Ohle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn N.","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian G.","family":"Stiell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debra","family":"Eagles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2631_CR1","unstructured":"Rui PKK, Ashmann JJ (2016) National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: 2016 emergency department summary tables 2016. Available from: http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/ahcd\/nhames_emergency\/2016_ed_web_tables.pdf"},{"issue":"4","key":"2631_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1017\/S1481803500014342","volume":"7","author":"H Murray","year":"2005","unstructured":"Murray H, Stiell I, Wells G (2005) Treatment failure in emergency department patients with cellulitis. CJEM 7(4):228\u2013234","journal-title":"CJEM"},{"issue":"5","key":"2631_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.12371","volume":"21","author":"D Peterson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Peterson D, McLeod S, Woolfrey K, McRae A (2014) Predictors of failure of empiric outpatient antibiotic therapy in emergency department patients with uncomplicated cellulitis. Acad Emerg Med 21(5):526\u2013531","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"2631_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.13492","volume":"26","author":"K Yadav","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yadav K, Suh KN, Eagles D, MacIsaac J, Ritchie D, Bernick J et al (2018) Predictors of oral antibiotic treatment failure for non-purulent skin and soft tissue infections in the Emergency Department. Acad Emerg Med 26:51\u201359","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2631_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2004.06.004","volume":"24","author":"S Esposito","year":"2004","unstructured":"Esposito S, Noviello S, Leone S, Tice A, Seibold G, Nathwani D et al (2004) Outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy (OPAT) in different countries: a comparison. Int J Antimicrob Agents 24(5):473\u2013478","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"issue":"1","key":"2631_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1080\/1120009X.2018.1536320","volume":"31","author":"S Esposito","year":"2019","unstructured":"Esposito S, De Simone G, Pan A, Brambilla P, Gattuso G, Mastroianni C et al (2019) Epidemiology and microbiology of skin and soft tissue infections: preliminary results of a National Registry. J Chemother 31(1):9\u201314","journal-title":"J Chemother"},{"issue":"1","key":"2631_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.2014.11.24133","volume":"16","author":"DA Talan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Talan DA, Salhi BA, Moran GJ, Mower WR, Hsieh YH, Krishnadasan A et al (2015) Factors associated with decision to hospitalize emergency department patients with skin and soft tissue infection. West J Emerg Med 16(1):89\u201397","journal-title":"West J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2631_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy745","volume":"68","author":"AH Norris","year":"2019","unstructured":"Norris AH, Shrestha NK, Allison GM, Keller SC, Bhavan KP, Zurlo JJ et al (2019) 2018 Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice guideline for the management of outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy. Clin Infect Dis 68(1):e1\u2013e35","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"2631_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8510(03)00101-5","volume":"67","author":"K Wilson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wilson K, Rosenberg MW (2004) Accessibility and the Canadian health care system: squaring perceptions and realities. Health Policy 67(2):137\u2013148","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"issue":"10","key":"2631_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.12480","volume":"21","author":"J McCusker","year":"2014","unstructured":"McCusker J, Vadeboncoeur A, Levesque JF, Ciampi A, Belzile E (2014) Increases in emergency department occupancy are associated with adverse 30-day outcomes. Acad Emerg Med 21(10):1092\u20131100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acem.12480","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2631_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2013.09.006","volume":"43","author":"M MacKenzie","year":"2014","unstructured":"MacKenzie M, Rae N, Nathwani D (2014) Outcomes from global adult outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy programmes: a review of the last decade. Int J Antimicrob Agents 43(1):7\u201316","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"issue":"5","key":"2631_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-016-2606-z","volume":"35","author":"C Gardiol","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gardiol C, Voumard R, Cochet C, de Valliere S (2016) Setting up an outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) unit in Switzerland: review of the first 18 months of activity. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 35(5):839\u2013845","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"2631_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30729-1","volume":"19","author":"LF Ibrahim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ibrahim LF, Hopper SM, Orsini F, Daley AJ, Babl FE, Bryant PA (2019) Efficacy and safety of intravenous ceftriaxone at home versus intravenous flucloxacillin in hospital for children with cellulitis (CHOICE): a single-centre, open-label, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial. Lancet Infect Dis 19(5):477\u2013486","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"2631_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp343","volume":"64","author":"AL Chapman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chapman AL, Dixon S, Andrews D, Lillie PJ, Bazaz R, Patchett JD (2009) Clinical efficacy and cost-effectiveness of outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy (OPAT): a UK perspective. J Antimicrob Chemother 64(6):1316\u20131324","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"3","key":"2631_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2011.05.008","volume":"38","author":"RA Seaton","year":"2011","unstructured":"Seaton RA, Sharp E, Bezlyak V, Weir CJ (2011) Factors associated with outcome and duration of therapy in outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy (OPAT) patients with skin and soft-tissue infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 38(3):243\u2013248","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"issue":"6","key":"2631_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-016-2631-y","volume":"35","author":"J Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang J, Moore E, Bousfield R (2016) OPAT for cellulitis: its benefits and the factors that predispose to longer treatment. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 35(6):1013\u20131015","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2631_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2569-4","volume":"17","author":"M Chan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chan M, Ooi CK, Wong J, Zhong L, Lye D (2017) Role of outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy in the treatment of community acquired skin and soft tissue infections in Singapore. BMC Infect Dis 17(1):474","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2631_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2019.02.023","volume":"37","author":"K Yadav","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yadav K, Suh KN, Eagles D, Thiruganasambandamoorthy V, Wells GA, Stiell IG (2019) Evaluation of an emergency department to outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy program for cellulitis. Am J Emerg Med 37:2008\u20132014","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2631_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2006.tb00203.x","volume":"184","author":"PC Sprivulis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sprivulis PC, Da Silva JA, Jacobs IG, Frazer AR, Jelinek GA (2006) The association between hospital overcrowding and mortality among patients admitted via Western Australian emergency departments. Med J Aust 184(5):208\u2013212","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"issue":"2","key":"2631_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-014-1154-8","volume":"10","author":"S Di Somma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Di Somma S, Paladino L, Vaughan L, Lalle I, Magrini L, Magnanti M (2015) Overcrowding in emergency department: an international issue. Intern Emerg Med 10(2):171\u2013175","journal-title":"Intern Emerg Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2631_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.20.5.402","volume":"20","author":"S Trzeciak","year":"2003","unstructured":"Trzeciak S, Rivers EP (2003) Emergency department overcrowding in the United States: an emerging threat to patient safety and public health. Emerg Med J 20(5):402\u2013405","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"issue":"4","key":"2631_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2710.2002.00430.x","volume":"27","author":"AK Wagner","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wagner AK, Soumerai SB, Zhang F, Ross-Degnan D (2002) Segmented regression analysis of interrupted time series studies in medication use research. J Clin Pharm Ther 27(4):299\u2013309","journal-title":"J Clin Pharm Ther"},{"key":"2631_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"h2750","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h2750","volume":"350","author":"E Kontopantelis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kontopantelis E, Doran T, Springate DA, Buchan I, Reeves D (2015) Regression based quasi-experimental approach when randomisation is not an option: interrupted time series analysis. BMJ 350:h2750","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"3","key":"2631_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(96)70264-0","volume":"27","author":"EH Gilbert","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gilbert EH, Lowenstein SR, Koziol-McLain J, Barta DC, Steiner J (1996) Chart reviews in emergency medicine research: Where are the methods? Ann Emerg Med 27(3):305\u2013308","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2631_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2004.11.011","volume":"45","author":"D Badcock","year":"2005","unstructured":"Badcock D, Kelly AM, Kerr D, Reade T (2005) The quality of medical record review studies in the international emergency medicine literature. Ann Emerg Med 45(4):444\u2013447","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2631_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2014.03.025","volume":"64","author":"AH Kaji","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kaji AH, Schriger D, Green S (2014) Looking through the retrospectoscope: reducing bias in emergency medicine chart review studies. Ann Emerg Med 64(3):292\u2013298","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"2631_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-019-01347-w","volume":"48","author":"K Yadav","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yadav K, Nath A, Suh KN, Sikora L, Eagles D (2019) Treatment failure definitions for non-purulent skin and soft tissue infections: a systematic review. Infection 48:75\u201383","journal-title":"Infection"},{"issue":"4","key":"2631_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ofw193","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofw193","volume":"3","author":"RM Petrak","year":"2016","unstructured":"Petrak RM, Skorodin NC, Fliegelman RM, Hines DW, Chundi VV, Harting BP (2016) Value and clinical impact of an infectious disease-supervised Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Therapy Program. Open Forum Infect Dis 3(4):ofw193 (eCollection 2016 Oct)","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"2631_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2012.01.016","volume":"39","author":"DA Barr","year":"2012","unstructured":"Barr DA, Semple L, Seaton RA (2012) Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) in a teaching hospital-based practice: a retrospective cohort study describing experience and evolution over 10 years. Int J Antimicrob Agents 39(5):407\u2013413","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"issue":"5","key":"2631_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks003","volume":"67","author":"AL Chapman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chapman AL, Seaton RA, Cooper MA, Hedderwick S, Goodall V, Reed C et al (2012) Good practice recommendations for outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) in adults in the UK: a consensus statement. J Antimicrob Chemother 67(5):1053\u20131062","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2631_CR31","unstructured":"Shah A, Norris AH (2016) OPAT eHandbook: CRG Publishing and Infectious Diseases Society of America. Available from: https:\/\/www.idsociety.org\/opat-ehand-book\/"}],"container-title":["Internal and Emergency Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11739-021-02631-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11739-021-02631-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11739-021-02631-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]],"date-time":"2023-10-19T19:00:14Z","timestamp":1697742014000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11739-021-02631-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,30]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["2631"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11739-021-02631-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1828-0447","1970-9366"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1828-0447","type":"print"},{"value":"1970-9366","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 August 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 January 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 January 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"KY, AM, RY, HR, MT, MJN, RO, JY, KNS, IGS and DE reports no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Ottawa Health Science Network Research Ethics Board. This study was conducted in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statement of human and animal rights"}},{"value":"For this type of study, no informed consent is required.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed Consent"}}]}}