{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T14:26:12Z","timestamp":1770042372877,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]],"date-time":"2023-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684800000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]],"date-time":"2023-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684800000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intern Emerg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sarcoidosis is a rare granulomatous disease that can affect any organ; as other chronic diseases, it leads to increased risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular (CV) disease. The aim of our observational study was to define a prognostic stratification model of sarcoidosis patients based on the evaluation of CV risk through common carotid Doppler ultrasound and cardiovascular risk scores assessment; for this reason, a clinical phenotyping of sarcoidosis patients in four subgroups was done, based on the different organ involvement. A cohort of 53 sarcoidosis patients and a cohort of 48 healthy volunteers were enrolled. Results showed that CV risk was higher in sarcoidosis cohort than in the control group when evaluated through CV risk scores and Doppler parameters: peak-systolic velocity (PSV) and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) were significantly lower in sarcoidosis cohort (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.045 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.017, respectively), whereas intima media thickness (IMT) showed higher values in sarcoidosis group than in controls (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.016). The analysis of sarcoidosis phenotypes showed no significative differences of CV risk among them when CV risk scores were considered, while partial differences emerged by evaluating subclinical atherosclerosis. Results also highlighted a relationship between CV risk score and carotid Doppler ultrasound parameters: EDV showed an inverse correlation with Framingham score (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u00a00.275, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004), whereas IMT showed a direct one (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.429; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001); furthermore, an inverse correlation between PSV and EDV and illness duration (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u00a00.298, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.030 and <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u00a00.406, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002, respectively) was found, so suggesting a higher CV risk in patients with a longer story of disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-023-03314-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]],"date-time":"2023-05-23T11:02:11Z","timestamp":1684839731000},"page":"1437-1444","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Cardiovascular risk in rare diseases: a prognostic stratification model in a cohort of sarcoidosis patients"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Luigi","family":"Rizzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Coppola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Cocco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Sabb\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3146-9173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrizia","family":"Suppressa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"3314_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0096-x","volume":"5","author":"J Grunewald","year":"2019","unstructured":"Grunewald J, Grutters JC, Arkema EV, Saketkoo LA, Moller DR, M\u00fcller-Quernheim J (2019) Sarcoidosis. 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Approval was granted by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Azienda Ospedaliero\u2014Universitaria Policlinico di Bari (Bari, Italy).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human and animal rights"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}