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In a descriptive retrospective observational study, patients experiencing respiratory distress and treated with inhaled bronchodilators, specifically salbutamol, in the prehospital setting within the Central Denmark Region during 2018\u20132019 were included. The study included 6318 ambulance transports, comprising 3686 cases of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), 234 with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), 320 with heart disease (HD), 233 adults with asthma, 1674 with various other primary ICD-10 diagnoses (other\u2009\u2265\u200918\u00a0years), and 171 patients under 18\u00a0years. The 30\u00a0day mortality rate for all patients was 10.7% (95% CI 9.8\u201311.6), with zero deaths within 30\u00a0days among adults with asthma and those under 18. Excluding low mortality groups, AECOPD patients had the lowest 30\u00a0day mortality at 10.2% (95% CI 9.1\u201311.3), and HD patients the highest at 15.3% (95% CI 10.6\u201319.9). The 1-year overall mortality rate increased to 32.1% (95% CI 30.2\u201334.0), with mortality staying low for asthma and under-18 groups, while differences between other groups lessened and became insignificant. Patients requiring inhaled bronchodilator treatment in ambulances exhibit notably high mortality rates at 30\u00a0days and 1\u00a0year, except for those with asthma or under 18. The need for prehospital bronchodilators could serve as a clear and unmistakable marker for moderate to severe respiratory distress, enabling early intervention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-024-03795-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T09:09:24Z","timestamp":1731316164000},"page":"1541-1551","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Final diagnoses and mortality rates in ambulance patients administered nebulized \u03b22-agonists bronchodilators"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Victor","family":"Hagenau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mathilde G.","family":"Mulvad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan B.","family":"Valentin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arne S. 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