{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T00:26:25Z","timestamp":1760747185875,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754352000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union - NextGeneration EU","award":["CUP E63C22001140006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CUP E63C22001140006"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intern Emerg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-025-04069-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T17:16:38Z","timestamp":1754414198000},"page":"2111-2122","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring gendered experiences of Parkinson\u2019s disease patients and their carers: implications for decision-making in Deep Brain Stimulation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5039-512X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Debora","family":"Spagnolo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beatrice","family":"Perbellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Costanza","family":"Papagno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Chiara","family":"Malaguti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Longo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruggero","family":"Bacchin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvio","family":"Sarubbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Corsini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Bonfiglioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"4069_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5274","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-023-11898-6","volume":"270","author":"F Mameli","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mameli F, Zirone E, Girlando R, Scagliotti E, Rigamonti G, Aiello EN, Poletti B, Ferrucci R, Ticozzi N, Silani V, Locatelli M, Barbieri S, Ruggiero F (2023) Role of expectations in clinical outcomes after deep brain stimulation in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease: a systematic review. J Neurol 270:5274\u20135287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-023-11898-6","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"4069_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6019","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000206188","volume":"102","author":"M Fullard","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fullard M, Dafoe A, Shelton E, Kern D, Matlock D, Morris M (2024) How women and men with Parkinson\u2019s disease approach decision-making for deep brain stimulation surgery (P1\u20133.011). Neurology 102:6019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000206188","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"4069_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-024-00687-6","volume":"14","author":"C Cattaneo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cattaneo C, Pagonabarraga J (2025) Sex differences in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a narrative review. Neurol Ther 14:57\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40120-024-00687-6","journal-title":"Neurol Ther"},{"key":"4069_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1177\/2057158516675217","volume":"37","author":"G Haydon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Haydon G, Van Der Riet P (2017) Narrative inquiry: a relational research methodology suitable to explore narratives of health and illness. Nord J Nurs Res 37:85\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2057158516675217","journal-title":"Nord J Nurs Res"},{"key":"4069_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.57187\/smw.2023.40022","volume":"153","author":"G Spitale","year":"2023","unstructured":"Spitale G, Gl\u00e4ssel A, Tyebally-Fang M, Mouton Dorey C, Biller-Andorno N (2023) Patient narratives - a still undervalued resource for healthcare improvement. Swiss Med Wkly 153:40022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57187\/smw.2023.40022","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly"},{"key":"4069_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2011.06.006","volume":"74","author":"R Connell","year":"2012","unstructured":"Connell R (2012) Gender, health and theory: conceptualizing the issue, in local and world perspective. Soc Sci Med 74:1675\u20131683. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2011.06.006","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"4069_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8257(199907)14:4<572::AID-MDS1005>3.0.CO;2-C","volume":"14","author":"G-L Defer","year":"1999","unstructured":"Defer G-L, Widner H, Marie R-M, Remy P, Levivier M, Conference Participants: Conference Participants: G. L. Defer, MD (Caen, France, Chairman of the CAPSIT-PD committee), and M. Levivier, MD, PhD (Brussels, Belgium, coordinator of the NIPD program) served as moderators for all the sessions. They, together with H. Widner, MD, PhD (Lund, Sweden); R. M. Marie, MD, PhD (Caen, France); Ph. Remy, MD, PhD (Creteil, France) served as coordinators and cowriters for the dyskinesia\/dystonia, cognitive and behavioral, and imaging sections, respectively. P. C (1999) Core assessment program for surgical interventional therapies in Parkinson\u2019s disease (CAPSIT-PD). Mov Disord 14:572\u2013584","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"4069_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.01.002","volume":"18","author":"C Longo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Longo C, Zigiotto L, Romano DL, Sarubbo S, Corsini F, Bacchin R, Ottaviani D, Di Giacopo R, Rozzanigo U, Bertoldi B, Malaguti MC, Papagno C (2025) Does STN-DBS in Parkinson\u2019s disease affect cognition? A case-control neuropsychological study and clinical considerations. Brain Stimul 18:100\u2013102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brs.2025.01.002","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"4069_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzm042","volume":"19","author":"A Tong","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J (2007) Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. Int J Qual Health Care 19:349\u2013357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/intqhc\/mzm042","journal-title":"Int J Qual Health Care"},{"key":"4069_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s41073-016-0007-6","volume":"1","author":"S Heidari","year":"2016","unstructured":"Heidari S, Babor TF, De Castro P, Tort S, Curno M (2016) Sex and gender equity in research: rationale for the SAGER guidelines and recommended use. Res Integr Peer Rev 1:2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41073-016-0007-6","journal-title":"Res Integr Peer Rev"},{"key":"4069_CR11","unstructured":"VERBI Software (2021) MAXQDA 2022 [computer software]. Berlin, Germany: VERBI Software. Available from maxqda.com."},{"key":"4069_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/qrmh.2020.9427","author":"YM Chac\u00f3n G\u00e1mez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chac\u00f3n G\u00e1mez YM, Biller-Andorno N (2021) Living with Parkinson\u2019s disease and connected to the duodopa pump: a qualitative study. Qual Res Med Healthc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/qrmh.2020.9427","journal-title":"Qual Res Med Healthc"},{"key":"4069_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9516","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18189516","volume":"18","author":"YM Chac\u00f3n G\u00e1mez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chac\u00f3n G\u00e1mez YM, Brugger F, Biller-Andorno N (2021) Parkinson\u2019s disease and deep brain stimulation have an impact on my life: a multimodal study on the experiences of patients and family caregivers. IJERPH 18:9516. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18189516","journal-title":"IJERPH"},{"key":"4069_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1111\/bjhp.12219","volume":"22","author":"V Eatough","year":"2017","unstructured":"Eatough V, Shaw K (2017) \u2018I\u2019m worried about getting water in the holes in my head\u2019: a phenomenological psychology case study of the experience of undergoing deep brain stimulation surgery for Parkinson\u2019s disease. Br J Health Psychol 22:94\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjhp.12219","journal-title":"Br J Health Psychol"},{"key":"4069_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2012-303670","volume":"84","author":"F Maier","year":"2013","unstructured":"Maier F, Lewis CJ, Horstkoetter N, Eggers C, Kalbe E, Maarouf M, Kuhn J, Zurowski M, Moro E, Woopen C, Timmermann L (2013) Patients\u2019 expectations of deep brain stimulation, and subjective perceived outcome related to clinical measures in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a mixed-method approach. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 84:1273\u20131281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp-2012-303670","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"4069_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/acx088","volume":"32","author":"CS Kubu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kubu CS, Ford PJ (2017) Clinical ethics in the context of deep brain stimulation for movement disorders. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 32:829\u2013839. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/arclin\/acx088","journal-title":"Arch Clin Neuropsychol"},{"key":"4069_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011525","volume":"6","author":"J Mathers","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mathers J, Rick C, Jenkinson C, Garside R, Pall H, Mitchell R, Bayliss S, Jones LL (2016) Patients\u2019 experiences of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson\u2019s disease: a qualitative systematic review and synthesis. BMJ Open 6:e011525. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011525","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"4069_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12796","volume":"136","author":"D Georgiev","year":"2017","unstructured":"Georgiev D, Hamberg K, Hariz M, Forsgren L, Hariz G-M (2017) Gender differences in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a clinical perspective. Acta Neurol Scand 136:570\u2013584. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ane.12796","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"4069_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.115757","volume":"320","author":"I G\u00f6ttgens","year":"2023","unstructured":"G\u00f6ttgens I, Modderkolk L, Jansen C, Darweesh SKL, Bloem BR, Oertelt-Prigione S (2023) The salience of gender in the illness experiences and care preferences of people with Parkinson\u2019s disease. Soc Sci Med 320:115757. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.115757","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"4069_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28921","volume":"37","author":"I Subramanian","year":"2022","unstructured":"Subramanian I, Mathur S, Oosterbaan A, Flanagan R, Keener AM, Moro E (2022) Unmet needs of women living with Parkinson\u2019s disease: gaps and controversies. Mov Disord 37:444\u2013455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.28921","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"4069_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988313519671","volume":"8","author":"CA Robinson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Robinson CA, Bottorff JL, Pesut B, Oliffe JL, Tomlinson J (2014) The male face of caregiving: a scoping review of men caring for a person with dementia. Am J Mens Health 8:409\u2013426. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1557988313519671","journal-title":"Am J Mens Health"},{"key":"4069_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1080\/13607860903228788","volume":"14","author":"KL Baker","year":"2010","unstructured":"Baker KL, Robertson N, Connelly D (2010) Men caring for wives or partners with dementia: masculinity, strain and gain. Aging Ment Health 14:319\u2013327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13607860903228788","journal-title":"Aging Ment Health"},{"key":"4069_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.9.4.513","volume":"9","author":"SM Lutzky","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lutzky SM, Knight BG (1994) Explaining gender differences in caregiver distress: the roles of emotional attentiveness and coping styles. Psychol Aging 9:513\u2013519. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0882-7974.9.4.513","journal-title":"Psychol Aging"},{"key":"4069_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1177\/1074840714532715","volume":"20","author":"M-L Friedemann","year":"2014","unstructured":"Friedemann M-L, Buckwalter KC (2014) Family caregiver role and burden related to gender and family relationships. J Fam Nurs 20:313\u2013336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1074840714532715","journal-title":"J Fam Nurs"},{"key":"4069_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare7020072","volume":"7","author":"M Lopez-Anuarbe","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lopez-Anuarbe M, Kohli P (2019) Understanding male caregivers\u2019 emotional, financial, and physical burden in the United States. Healthcare 7:72. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare7020072","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"key":"4069_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-017-9909-6_5","volume-title":"Couple Resilience","author":"KE Gamarel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gamarel KE, Revenson TA (2015) Dyadic adaptation to chronic illness: the importance of considering context in understanding couples\u2019 resilience. In: Skerrett K, Fergus K (eds) Couple Resilience. Springer, Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 83\u2013105"},{"key":"4069_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1037\/a0014445","volume":"54","author":"O Rohmer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rohmer O, Louvet E (2009) Describing persons with disability: salience of disability, gender, and ethnicity. Rehabil Psychol 54:76\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0014445","journal-title":"Rehabil Psychol"},{"key":"4069_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102285","volume":"65","author":"I G\u00f6ttgens","year":"2023","unstructured":"G\u00f6ttgens I, Modderkolk L, Vermu\u00eb P, Darweesh SKL, Bloem BR, Oertelt-Prigione S (2023) Gender-aware Parkinson\u2019s care: a design-based study of patient perspectives on gender norms and gender-sensitive care. eClinicalMedicine 65:102285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102285","journal-title":"eClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"4069_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-14-89","volume":"14","author":"K Hamberg","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hamberg K, Hariz G-M (2014) The decision-making process leading to deep brain stimulation in men and women with Parkinson\u2019s disease \u2013 an interview study. BMC Neurol 14:89. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2377-14-89","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"4069_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12973","volume":"22","author":"DS Shpiner","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shpiner DS, Di Luca DG, Cajigas I, Diaz JS, Margolesky J, Moore H, Levin BE, Singer C, Jagid J, Luca CC (2019) Gender disparities in deep brain stimulation for Parkinson\u2019s disease. Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface 22:484\u2013488. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ner.12973","journal-title":"Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface"},{"key":"4069_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2018.01.019","volume":"131","author":"C Bachur","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bachur C, Singer B, Hayes-Conroy A, Horwitz RI (2018) Social determinants of treatment response. Am J Med 131:480\u2013483. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjmed.2018.01.019","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"4069_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)71146-6","volume":"365","author":"M Marmot","year":"2005","unstructured":"Marmot M (2005) Social determinants of health inequalities. Lancet 365:1099\u20131104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)71146-6","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"4069_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000204675","volume":"102","author":"D Nguyen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nguyen D, Parihar R, Shen J (2024) Factors for success: deep brain stimulation in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease and low socioeconomic status (P2\u20133.015). Neurology 102:2678. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000204675","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"4069_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000207562","author":"A Towfighi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Towfighi A, Berger RP, Corley AMS, Glymour MM, Manly JJ, Skolarus LE (2023) Recommendations on social determinants of health in neurologic disease. Neurology. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000207562","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"4069_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.5798","volume":"71","author":"AK Chan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chan AK, McGovern RA, Brown LT, Sheehy JP, Zacharia BE, Mikell CB, Bruce SS, Ford B, McKhann GM (2014) Disparities in access to Deep Brain Stimulation surgery for Parkinson disease: interaction between African American race and Medicaid use. JAMA Neurol 71:291. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.5798","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"4069_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000017","volume":"82","author":"AW Willis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Willis AW, Schootman M, Kung N, Wang X-Y, Perlmutter JS, Racette BA (2014) Disparities in deep brain stimulation surgery among insured elders with Parkinson disease. Neurology 82:163\u2013171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"4069_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.26378","volume":"92","author":"SW Cramer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cramer SW, Do TH, Palzer EF, Naik A, Rice AL, Novy SG, Hanson JT, Piazza AN, Howard MA, Huling JD, Chen CC, McGovern RA (2022) Persistent racial disparities in deep brain stimulation for Parkinson\u2019s disease. Ann Neurol 92:246\u2013254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.26378","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"4069_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12324","volume":"19","author":"G Genc","year":"2016","unstructured":"Genc G, Abboud H, Oravivattanakul S, Alsallom F, Thompson NR, Cooper S, Gostkowski M, Machado A, Fernandez HH (2016) Socioeconomic status may impact functional outcome of deep brain stimulation surgery in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface 19:25\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ner.12324","journal-title":"Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface"},{"key":"4069_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4770","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10204770","volume":"10","author":"I Campesi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Campesi I, Montella A, Seghieri G, Franconi F (2021) The person\u2019s care requires a sex and gender approach. JCM 10:4770. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10204770","journal-title":"JCM"}],"container-title":["Internal and Emergency Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11739-025-04069-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11739-025-04069-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11739-025-04069-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T15:43:21Z","timestamp":1760715801000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11739-025-04069-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["4069"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11739-025-04069-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1828-0447","1970-9366"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1828-0447"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1970-9366"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 July 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 August 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committees, and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committees of the University of Trento and Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari of Trento (Italy), through which participants were recruited.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Statement"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Participants were recruited by either the neurologist or neuropsychologist involved in their care and familiar with both the patients and their carers. They received comprehensive oral and written information about the study and voluntarily agreed to share their contact details with the primary researchers. Participation was entirely voluntary, and it was clearly communicated that participants could withdraw their consent at any time without providing a reason and without any consequences. It was emphasized that their decision to participate or withdraw would not affect their medical treatment, standard of care, or their relationship with healthcare providers.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed Consent"}}]}}