{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:55:39Z","timestamp":1790358939031,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767830400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intern Emerg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-025-04220-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T17:22:00Z","timestamp":1767892920000},"page":"373-384","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A comprehensive review of venous excess ultrasound (VExUS) score: evidence from original research"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Vittorio Natale","family":"Borroni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3703-7680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adele","family":"Antonini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara Baetrice","family":"Cogliati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Casella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"4220_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2015.03.025","volume":"30","author":"L Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang L, Chen Z, Diao Y, Yang Y, Fu P (2015) Associations of fluid overload with mortality and kidney recovery in patients with acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Crit Care 30(4):860.e7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrc.2015.03.025","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"4220_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.01.067","volume":"258","author":"J Rubio-Gracia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rubio-Gracia J et al (2018) Prevalence, predictors and clinical outcome of residual congestion in acute decompensated heart failure. Int J Cardiol 258:185\u2013191. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.01.067","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4220_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2020.12.028","volume":"126","author":"MG Lopez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lopez MG et al (2021) Intraoperative venous congestion and acute kidney injury in cardiac surgery: an observational cohort study. Br J Anaesth 126(3):599\u2013607. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bja.2020.12.028","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"6","key":"4220_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-016-6697-7","volume":"30","author":"P Pellicori","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pellicori P et al (2016) Cardiac dysfunction, congestion and loop diuretics: their relationship to prognosis in heart failure. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 30(6):599\u2013609. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10557-016-6697-7","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Drugs Ther"},{"key":"4220_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.13118","author":"F Husain-Syed","year":"2021","unstructured":"Husain-Syed F et al (2021) Congestive nephropathy: a neglected entity? proposal for diagnostic criteria and future perspectives. Wiley-Blackwell. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ehf2.13118","journal-title":"Wiley-Blackwell"},{"issue":"7","key":"4220_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1383","volume":"21","author":"P Pellicori","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pellicori P et al (2019) Prevalence, pattern and clinical relevance of ultrasound indices of congestion in outpatients with heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 21(7):904\u2013916. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.1383","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"3","key":"4220_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.12878","volume":"23","author":"JL Martindale","year":"2016","unstructured":"Martindale JL et al (2016) Diagnosing acute heart failure in the emergency department: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acad Emerg Med 23(3):223\u2013242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acem.12878","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"issue":"17","key":"4220_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1916062","volume":"385","author":"JL D\u00edaz-G\u00f3mez","year":"2021","unstructured":"D\u00edaz-G\u00f3mez JL, Mayo PH, Koenig SJ (2021) Point-of-care ultrasonography. N Engl J Med 385(17):1593\u20131602. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMra1916062","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"4220_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.839","volume":"19","author":"E Platz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Platz E, Merz AA, Jhund PS, Vazir A, Campbell R, McMurray JJ (2017) Dynamic changes and prognostic value of pulmonary congestion by lung ultrasound in acute and chronic heart failure: a systematic review. Eur J Heart Fail 19(9):1154\u20131163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.839","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"7","key":"4220_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeac254","volume":"24","author":"NR Pugliese","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pugliese NR et al (2023) The incremental value of multi-organ assessment of congestion using ultrasound in outpatients with heart failure. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 24(7):961\u2013971. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ehjci\/jeac254","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"10","key":"4220_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2013.07.006","volume":"31","author":"A Akkaya","year":"2013","unstructured":"Akkaya A, Yesilaras M, Aksay E, Sever M, Atilla OD (2013) The interrater reliability of ultrasound imaging of the inferior vena cava performed by emergency residents. Am J Emerg Med 31(10):1509\u20131511. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajem.2013.07.006","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"4220_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.11.017","volume":"151","author":"P Kory","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kory P (2017) COUNTERPOINT: should acute fluid resuscitation be guided primarily by inferior vena cava ultrasound for patients in shock? No. Chest 151(3):533\u2013536. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2016.11.017","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"4220_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-03330-6","author":"R Spiegel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Spiegel R et al (2020) The use of venous Doppler to predict adverse kidney events in a general ICU cohort. Crit Care. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13054-020-03330-6","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"4220_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.118.009961","author":"W Beaubien-Souligny","year":"2018","unstructured":"Beaubien-Souligny W et al (2018) Alterations in portal vein flow and intrarenal venous flow are associated with acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: a prospective observational cohort study. J Am Heart Assoc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/JAHA.118.009961","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"4220_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1159\/000511714","volume":"11","author":"ER Argaiz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Argaiz ER, Rola P, Gamba G (2021) Dynamic changes in portal vein flow during decongestion in patients with heart failure and cardio-renal syndrome: a POCUS case series. Cardiorenal Med 11(1):59\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000511714","journal-title":"Cardiorenal Med"},{"key":"4220_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13089-020-00163-w","author":"W Beaubien-Souligny","year":"2020","unstructured":"Beaubien-Souligny W et al (2020) Quantifying systemic congestion with Point-Of-Care ultrasound: development of the venous excess ultrasound grading system. Ultrasound J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13089-020-00163-w","journal-title":"Ultrasound J"},{"issue":"3","key":"4220_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2023.09.029","volume":"165","author":"A Longino","year":"2024","unstructured":"Longino A et al (2024) Prospective evaluation of venous excess ultrasound for estimation of venous congestion. Chest 165(3):590\u2013600. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2023.09.029","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"7","key":"4220_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-016-4357-9","volume":"42","author":"G Via","year":"2016","unstructured":"Via G, Tavazzi G, Price S (2016) Ten situations where inferior vena cava ultrasound may fail to accurately predict fluid responsiveness: a physiologically based point of view. Intensive Care Med 42(7):1164\u20131167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00134-016-4357-9","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"4220_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000539469","author":"A Koratala","year":"2024","unstructured":"Koratala A, Romero-Gonz\u00e1lez G, Soliman-Aboumarie H, Kazory A (2024) Unlocking the potential of VExUS in assessing venous congestion: the art of doing it right. Cardiorenal Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000539469","journal-title":"Cardiorenal Med"},{"key":"4220_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13089-024-00370-9","author":"A Wong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wong A, Olusanya O, Watchorn J, Bramham K, Hutchings S (2024) Utility of the venous excess ultrasound (VEXUS) score to track dynamic change in volume status in patients undergoing fluid removal during haemodialysis\u2014the ACUVEX study. Ultrasound J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13089-024-00370-9","journal-title":"Ultrasound J"},{"issue":"3","key":"4220_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2023.12.018","volume":"9","author":"W Beaubien-Souligny","year":"2024","unstructured":"Beaubien-Souligny W et al (2024) Prospective study of ultrasound markers of organ congestion in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury. Kidney Int Rep 9(3):694\u2013702. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ekir.2023.12.018","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep"},{"key":"4220_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630","author":"R Prager","year":"2024","unstructured":"Prager R et al (2024) Venous congestion in septic shock quantified with point-of-care ultrasound: a pilot prospective multicentre cohort study La congestion veineuse dans le choc septique quantifi\u00e9e par e \u00b4chographie cibl\u00e9e\u202f: une e \u00b4tude de cohorte prospective multicentrique pilote. Can J Anesth. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12630","journal-title":"Can J Anesth"},{"issue":"2","key":"4220_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.24908\/pocus.v8i2.16792","volume":"8","author":"J Magin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Magin J et al (2023) Venous excess ultrasound (VExUS) grading to assess perioperative fluid status for noncardiac surgeries: a prospective observational pilot study. POCUS J 8(2):223\u2013229. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24908\/pocus.v8i2.16792","journal-title":"POCUS J"},{"key":"4220_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-024-04961-9","author":"AA Longino","year":"2024","unstructured":"Longino AA et al (2024) Reliability and reproducibility of the venous excess ultrasound (VExUS) score, a multi-site prospective study: validating a novel ultrasound technique for comprehensive assessment of venous congestion. Crit Care. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13054-024-04961-9","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"4220_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2023.154441","author":"ZT Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li ZT, Huang DB, Zhao JF, Li H, Fu SQ, Wang W (2024) Comparison of various surrogate markers for venous congestion in predicting acute kidney injury following cardiac surgery: a cohort study. J Crit Care. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrc.2023.154441","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"4220_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjacc\/zuad048","volume":"12","author":"JA Viana-Rojas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Viana-Rojas JA et al (2023) Venous excess ultrasound score and acute kidney injury in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care 12(7):413\u2013419. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ehjacc\/zuad048","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care"},{"key":"4220_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-023-04524-4","author":"S Andrei","year":"2023","unstructured":"Andrei S, Bahr PA, Nguyen M, Bouhemad B, Guinot PG (2023) Prevalence of systemic venous congestion assessed by venous excess ultrasound grading system (VExUS) and association with acute kidney injury in a general ICU cohort: a prospective multicentric study. Crit Care. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13054-023-04524-4","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"4220_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000002321","volume":"61","author":"KK Trigkidis","year":"2024","unstructured":"Trigkidis KK, Siempos II, Kotanidou A, Zakynthinos S, Routsi C, Kokkoris S (2024) Early trajectory of venous excess ultrasound score is associated with clinical outcomes of general ICU patients. Shock 61(3):400\u2013405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SHK.0000000000002321","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"4220_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11152\/mu-4418","author":"MA Aslaner","year":"2024","unstructured":"Aslaner MA, Helvac\u0131 \u00d6, Haycock K (2024) The VExUS score and mortality in patients with acute kidney injury: findings from a multidisciplinary prospective study. Med Ultrason. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11152\/mu-4418","journal-title":"Med Ultrason"},{"key":"4220_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2024.05.011","author":"V Anastasiou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Anastasiou V et al (2024) Multiorgan congestion assessment by venous excess ultrasound score in acute heart failure. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.echo.2024.05.011","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"4220_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjopen\/oeae050","author":"I Landi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Landi I, Guerritore L, Iannaccone A, Ricotti A, Rola P, Garrone M (2024) Assessment of venous congestion with venous excess ultrasound score in the prognosis of acute heart failure in the emergency department: a prospective study. Eur Heart J Open. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ehjopen\/oeae050","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Open"},{"key":"4220_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12041281","author":"M Torres-Arrese","year":"2023","unstructured":"Torres-Arrese M et al (2023) Usefulness of systemic venous ultrasound protocols in the prognosis of heart failure patients: results from a prospective multicentric study. J Clin Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm12041281","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"4220_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13206272","author":"S Sovetova","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sovetova S et al (2024) Venous Excess Ultrasound Score is associated with worsening renal function and reduced natriuretic response in patients with acute heart failure. J Clin Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm13206272","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"4220_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-025-04060-z","author":"E Abu-Naeima","year":"2025","unstructured":"Abu-Naeima E et al (2025) Venous Excess Doppler ultrasound assessment and loop diuretic efficiency in acute cardiorenal syndrome. BMC Nephrol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12882-025-04060-z","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4220_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000535641","volume":"14","author":"JP Islas-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2023","unstructured":"Islas-Rodr\u00edguez JP et al (2023) Effect on kidney function recovery guiding decongestion with VExUS in patients with cardiorenal syndrome 1: a randomized control trial. Cardiorenal Med 14(1):1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000535641","journal-title":"Cardiorenal Med"},{"key":"4220_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-022-04180-0","author":"PG Guinot","year":"2022","unstructured":"Guinot PG et al (2022) Doppler study of portal vein and renal venous velocity predict the appropriate fluid response to diuretic in ICU: a prospective observational echocardiographic evaluation. Crit Care. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13054-022-04180-0","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"4220_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-4185584\/v1","author":"K Leyba","year":"2024","unstructured":"Leyba K et al (2024) Venous excess ultrasonography (VExUS) captures dynamic changes in volume status surrounding hemodialysis: a multicenter prospective observational study. Res Sq. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21203\/rs.3.rs-4185584\/v1","journal-title":"Res Sq"},{"key":"4220_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13089-024-00397-y","author":"S Klangthamneam","year":"2024","unstructured":"Klangthamneam S, Meemook K, Petnak T, Sonkaew A, Assavapokee T (2024) Correlation between right atrial pressure measured via right heart catheterization and venous excess ultrasound, inferior vena cava diameter, and ultrasound-measured jugular venous pressure: a prospective observational study. Ultrasound J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13089-024-00397-y","journal-title":"Ultrasound J"},{"issue":"1","key":"4220_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjacc\/zuae126","volume":"14","author":"S Andrei","year":"2025","unstructured":"Andrei S, Nguyen M, Bouhemad B, Guinot PG (2025) High vexus grades are linked to cardiac function in general intensive care unit patients. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care 14(1):24\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ehjacc\/zuae126","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"4220_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.15697","volume":"40","author":"JD Utrilla-Alvarez","year":"2023","unstructured":"Utrilla-Alvarez JD, Gopar-Nieto R, Garc\u00eda-Cruz E, Lazcano-D\u00edaz E, Jim\u00e9nez-Rodr\u00ecguez GM, Rojas-Velasco G, Manzur-Sandoval D (2023) Assessing the venous system: correlation of mean systemic filling pressure with the venous excess ultrasound grading system in cardiac surgery. Echocardiography 40(11):1216\u20131226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/echo.15697","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"issue":"5","key":"4220_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20230745","DOI":"10.36660\/abc.20230745i","volume":"121","author":"PM Rinaldi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rinaldi PM, Rihl MF, Boniatt MM (2024) VExUS Score at Discharge as a Predictor of Readmission in Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: A Cohort Study. Arq Bras de Cardiol 121(5):e20230745. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36660\/abc.20230745i","journal-title":"Arq Bras de Cardiol"},{"key":"4220_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-023-01397-9","author":"MA Guerrero-Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guerrero-Guti\u00e9rrez MA, Garc\u00eda-Guill\u00e9n FJ, Adame-Encarnaci\u00f3n H, Monera-Mart\u00ednez F, \u00d1amendys-Silva SA, C\u00f3rdova-S\u00e1nchez BM (2023) Reliability of point-of-care ultrasound to evaluate fluid tolerance performed by critical care residents. Eur J Med Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40001-023-01397-9","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"4220_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01391-2","author":"M Ruste","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ruste M, Reskot R, Schweizer R, Mayet V, Fellahi JL, Jacquet-Lagr\u00e8ze M (2024) Changes in portal pulsatility index induced by a fluid challenge in patients with haemodynamic instability and systemic venous congestion: a prospective cohort study. Ann Intensive Care. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13613-024-01391-2","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"4220_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10071-24924","volume":"29","author":"WA Khan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Khan WA, Saini V, Goel A, Valiyaparambath A (2025) Cracking the code of AKI: evaluating the predictive power of VExUS scoring in critically ill noncardiac patients. Indian J Crit Care Med 29(3):236\u2013243. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5005\/jp-journals-10071-24924","journal-title":"Indian J Crit Care Med"},{"key":"4220_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-023-04471-0","author":"A Longino","year":"2023","unstructured":"Longino A, Martin K, Leyba K, Siegel G, Gill E, Douglas IS, Burke J (2023) Correlation between the VExUS score and right atrial pressure: a pilot prospective observational study. Crit Care. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13054-023-04471-0","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"4220_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40635-023-00504-8","author":"JES Kenny","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kenny JES, Prager R, Rola P, McCulloch G, Eibl JK, Haycock K (2023) The effect of gravity-induced preload change on the venous excess ultrasound (VExUS) score and internal jugular vein Doppler in healthy volunteers. Intensive Care Med Exp. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40635-023-00504-8","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med Exp"},{"key":"4220_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13089-025-00421-9","author":"M Ruste","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ruste M, Delas Q, Reskot R, Fellahi JL, Jacquet-Lagr\u00e8ze M (2025) Relationship between point-of-care ultrasound venous congestion assessment parameters, intravenous pressure, and venous return: a post-hoc analysis of a prospective cohort study. Ultrasound J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13089-025-00421-9","journal-title":"Ultrasound J"},{"key":"4220_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13089-025-00411-x","author":"KC Martin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Martin KC, Gill EA, Douglas IJ, Longino AA (2025) Evaluation of a modified venous excess ultrasound (VExUS) protocol for estimation of venous congestion: a cohort study. Ultrasound J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13089-025-00411-x","journal-title":"Ultrasound J"},{"key":"4220_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13020540","author":"N Rodr\u00edguez-Moguel","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez-Moguel N, Osuna-Padilla IA, Piekarska KB, Negrete-Garc\u00eda MF, Hern\u00e1ndez-Mu\u00f1oz A, Contreras-Mar\u00edn JA, Monta\u00f1o-Mattar R, Casas-Aparicio G (2024) Fluid status assessment in critically ill patients with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study. J Clin Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm13020540","journal-title":"J Clin Med"}],"container-title":["Internal and Emergency Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11739-025-04220-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11739-025-04220-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11739-025-04220-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T10:01:25Z","timestamp":1775642485000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11739-025-04220-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["4220"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11739-025-04220-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1828-0447","1970-9366"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1828-0447","type":"print"},{"value":"1970-9366","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of  the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human and animal rights"}},{"value":"For this type of study formal consent is not required.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}