{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T00:20:47Z","timestamp":1790468447486,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli studi \"Magna Graecia\" di Catanzaro"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intern Emerg Med"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-026-04499-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T05:37:33Z","timestamp":1787204253000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Oral semaglutide vs DPP-4 inhibitors in reducing risk of cognitive impairment in elderly patients with HFpEF and obesity"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Armentaro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristiana","family":"Vitale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0793-1225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Velia","family":"Cassano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilisa","family":"Panza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Gareri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Mirabelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Succurro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Andreozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Brunetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluigi","family":"Savarese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Volterrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Sesti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe Massimo Claudio","family":"Rosano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Sciacqua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"36","key":"4499_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3599","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab368","volume":"42","author":"TA McDonagh","year":"2021","unstructured":"McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, Gardner RS, Baumbach A, B\u00f6hm M et al (2021) ESC Scientific Document Group 2021. ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 42(36):3599\u20133726. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab368. (Erratum in: Eur Heart J. 2021 Dec 21;42(48):4901. 10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab670)","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"9","key":"4499_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.3347","volume":"26","author":"PM Seferovi\u0107","year":"2024","unstructured":"Seferovi\u0107 PM, Paulus WJ, Rosano G, Polovina M, Petrie MC, Jhund PS et al (2024) Diabetic myocardial disorder. A clinical consensus statement of the Heart Failure Association of the ESC and the ESC Working Group on Myocardial & Pericardial Diseases. Eur J Heart Fail 26(9):1893\u20131903. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.3347","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"4499_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejheart.2006.11.001","volume":"9","author":"RL Vogels","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vogels RL, Scheltens P, Schroeder-Tanka JM, Weinstein HC (2007) (2007) Cognitive impairment in heart failure: A systematic review of the literature. Eur J Heart Fail 9:440\u2013449","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"451","key":"4499_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.01.014","volume":"18","author":"AM Yohannes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yohannes AM, Chen W, Moga AM, Leroi I, Connolly MJ (2017) Cognitive impairment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. J Am Med Dir Assoc 18(451):451.e1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.01.014","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"4499_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100944","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2019.100944","volume":"55","author":"M Xue","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xue M, Xu W, Ou YN, Cao XP, Tan MS, Tan L, Yu JT (2019) Diabetes mellitus and risks of cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 144 prospective studies. Ageing Res Rev 55:100944. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arr.2019.100944","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"4499_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002251","volume":"14","author":"HX Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang HX, MacDonald SW, Dekhtyar S, Fratiglioni L (2017) Association of lifelong exposure to cognitive reserve-enhancing factors with dementia risk: a community-based cohort study. PLoS Med 14(3):e1002251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002251","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"4499_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2635","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20160833","volume":"213","author":"JL Guo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Guo JL, Narasimhan S, Changolkar L, He Z, Stieber A, Zhang B et al (2016) Unique pathological tau conformers from Alzheimer\u2019s brains transmit tau pathology in nontransgenic mice. J Exp Med 213(12):2635\u20132654. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.20160833","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"4499_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8811","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25168811","volume":"25","author":"M Magurno","year":"2024","unstructured":"Magurno M, Cassano V, Maruca F, Pastura CA, Divino M, Fazio F et al (2024) Effects of SGLT2-inhibitors on comprehensive geriatric assessment, biomarkers of oxidative stress, and platelet activation in elderly diabetic patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Int J Mol Sci 25:8811. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms25168811","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"14","key":"4499_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241411301","volume":"24","author":"MC Pelle","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pelle MC, Zaffina I, Giofr\u00e8 F, Pujia R, Arturi F (2023) Potential role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of cognitive decline and dementia in diabetes mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 24(14):11301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms241411301","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"4499_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.11.081","volume":"69","author":"A Pandey","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pandey A, LaMonte M, Klein L, Ayers C, Psaty BM, Eaton CB et al (2017) Relationship between physical activity, body mass index, and risk of heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 69(9):1129\u20131142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.11.081","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"4499_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2025.01.040","volume":"241","author":"K Phirom","year":"2025","unstructured":"Phirom K, Nantakool S, Chuatrakoon B, Rerkasem K (2025) Role of obesity-related anthropometric indicators on cognitive function in obese older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health 241:60\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.puhe.2025.01.040","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"4499_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2107038","volume":"385","author":"SD Anker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Anker SD, Butler J, Filippatos G, Ferreira JP, Bocchi E, B\u00f6hm M et al (2021) Empagliflozin in heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction. N Engl J Med 385:1451\u20131461","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"4499_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2206286","volume":"387","author":"SD Solomon","year":"2022","unstructured":"Solomon SD, McMurray JJ, Claggett B, de Boer RA, DeMets D, Hernandez AF et al (2022) Dapagliflozin in Heart Failure with Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction. N Engl J Med 387:1089\u20131098","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4499_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.013255","volume":"131","author":"MA Pfeffer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pfeffer MA, Claggett B, Assmann SF, Boineau R, Anand IS, Clausell N et al (2015) Regional variation in patients and outcomes in the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure With an Aldosterone Antagonist (TOPCAT) trial. Circulation 131(1):34\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.013255","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"5","key":"4499_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12050937","volume":"12","author":"G Armentaro","year":"2024","unstructured":"Armentaro G, Pelaia C, Condoleo V, Severini G, Crudo G, De Marco M et al (2024) Effect of SGLT2-inhibitors on polygraphic parameters in elderly patients affected by heart failure, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and sleep apnea. Biomedicines 12(5):937. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines12050937","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"4","key":"4499_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.3262","volume":"26","author":"G Armentaro","year":"2024","unstructured":"Armentaro G, Cassano V, Condoleo V, Magurno M, Divino M, Pastura CA et al (2024) Association of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors with changes in comprehensive geriatric assessment in elderly diabetic patients with heart failure: Data from MAGIC-HF. Eur J Heart Fail 26(4):1095\u20131097. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.3262","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"1","key":"4499_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-025-02949-5","volume":"24","author":"G Armentaro","year":"2025","unstructured":"Armentaro G, Vitale C, Cassano V, Magurno M, Panza A, Scarcelli MR, Pastura CA, Severini G, Mazza E, Hribal ML, Andreozzi F, Pujia A, Montalcini T, Rosano GMC, Sciacqua A (2025) Prognostic role of sarcopenia in heart failure patients. Cardiovasc Diabetol 24(1):411. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12933-025-02949-5","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"issue":"24","key":"4499_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2307563","volume":"389","author":"AM Lincoff","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lincoff AM, Brown-Frandsen K, Colhoun HM, Deanfield J, Emerson SS, Esbjerg S et al (2023) Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in obesity without diabetes. N Engl J Med 389(24):2221\u20132232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2307563","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"4499_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02188-7","volume":"398","author":"S Del Prato","year":"2021","unstructured":"Del Prato S, Kahn SE, Pavo I, Weerakkody GJ, Yang Z, Doupis J et al (2021) Tirzepatide versus insulin glargine in type 2 diabetes and increased cardiovascular risk (SURPASS-4): a randomised, open-label, parallel-group, multicentre, phase 3 trial. Lancet 398:1811\u20131824. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02188-7","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"11","key":"4499_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2493","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18112493","volume":"18","author":"CS Bae","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bae CS, Song J (2017) The Role of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP1) in type 3 diabetes: GLP-1 controls insulin resistance, neuroinflammation and neurogenesis in the brain. Int J Mol Sci 18(11):2493. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms18112493","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4499_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2020.111294","volume":"190","author":"ZW Yu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yu ZW, Liu R, Li X, Wang Y, Fu YH, Li HY et al (2020) Potential roles of Glucagon-like peptide-1 and its analogues in cognitive impairment associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mech Ageing Dev 190:111294. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mad.2020.111294","journal-title":"Mech Ageing Dev"},{"issue":"11","key":"4499_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1814","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2024.07.006","volume":"12","author":"R Patel","year":"2024","unstructured":"Patel R, Wadid M, Makwana B, Kumar A, Khadke S, Bhatti A et al (2024) GLP-1 receptor agonists among patients with overweight or obesity, diabetes, and HFpEF on SGLT2 inhibitors. JACC Heart Fail 12(11):1814\u20131826. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchf.2024.07.006","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"issue":"4","key":"4499_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x","volume":"53","author":"ZS Nasreddine","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nasreddine ZS, Phillips NA, B\u00e9dirian V, Charbonneau S, Whitehead V, Collin I et al (2005) The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: a brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment. J Am Geriatr Soc 53(4):695\u2013699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x. (Erratum in: J Am Geriatr Soc. 2019 Sep;67(9):1991. 10.1111\/jgs.1592)","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"7","key":"4499_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00280883","volume":"28","author":"DR Matthews","year":"1985","unstructured":"Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC (1985) Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 28(7):412\u2013419. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00280883","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"9","key":"4499_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006","volume":"150","author":"AS Levey","year":"2009","unstructured":"Levey AS, Stevens LA, Schmid CH, Zhang YL, Castro AF 3rd, Feldman HI, Kusek JW, Eggers P, Van Lente F, Greene T et al (2009) CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration) A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Ann Intern Med 150(9):604\u2013612. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"4499_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E947","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00400.2015","volume":"310","author":"R Wei","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wei R, Ma S, Wang C, Ke J, Yang J, Li W et al (2016) Exenatide exerts direct protective effects on endothelial cells through the AMPK\/ Akt\/eNOS pathway in a GLP-1 receptor-dependent manner. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 310:E947\u2013E957","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"4499_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1177\/1479164114547358","volume":"11","author":"D Nandy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nandy D, Johnson C, Basu R, Joyner M, Brett J, Svendsen CB et al (2014) The effect of liraglutide on endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diab Vasc Dis Res 11:419\u2013430","journal-title":"Diab Vasc Dis Res"},{"key":"4499_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1002\/path.5056","volume":"245","author":"AF Batista","year":"2018","unstructured":"Batista AF, Forny-Germano L, Clarke JR, Lyra E, Silva NM, Brito-Moreira J et al (2018) The diabetes drug liraglutide reverses cognitive impairment in mice and attenuates insulin receptor and synaptic pathology in a nonhuman primate model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Pathol. 245:85\u2013100","journal-title":"J Pathol."},{"key":"4499_CR29","first-page":"247","volume":"9","author":"L Qi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Qi L, Chen Z, Wang Y, Liu X, Liu X, Ke L et al (2017) Subcutaneous liraglutide ameliorates methylglyoxal-induced Alzheimer-like tau pathology and cognitive impairment by modulating tau hyperphosphorylation and glycogen synthase kinase-3\u03b2. Am J Transl Res 9:247\u2013260","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"key":"4499_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-19-0259","volume":"181","author":"IK Wium-Andersen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wium-Andersen IK, Osler M, J\u00f8rgensen MB, Rungby J, Wium-Andersen MK (2019) Antidiabetic medication and risk of dementia in patients with type 2 diabetes: a nested case-control study. Eur J Endocrinol 181:499\u2013507","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"4499_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-2584","volume":"42","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang Z, Zhang B, Wang X, Zhang X, Yang QX, Qing Z et al (2019) Olfactory dysfunction mediates adiposity in cognitive impairment of type 2 diabetes: insights from clinical and functional neuroimaging studies. Diabetes Care 42:1274\u20131283","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"4499_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2016.00108","volume":"8","author":"M Gejl","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gejl M, Gjedde A, Egefjord L, M\u00f8ller A, Hansen SB, Vang K et al (2016) In Alzheimer\u2019s disease, 6-Month treatment with GLP-1 analog prevents decline of brain glucose metabolism: randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Front Aging Neurosci 8:108","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"4499_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101737","volume":"55","author":"S Verma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Verma S, Bhatta M, Davies M, Deanfield JE, Garvey WT, Jensen C et al (2022) Effects of once-weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg on C-reactive protein in adults with overweight or obesity (STEP 1, 2, and 3): Exploratory analyses of three randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trials. EClin Med 55:101737. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101737","journal-title":"EClin Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"4499_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1806","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14399","volume":"23","author":"JJH Bray","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bray JJH, Foster-Davies H, Salem A, Hoole AL, Obaid DR, Halcox JPJ et al (2021) Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists improve biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Diabetes Obes Metab 23(8):1806\u20131822. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dom.14399","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"}],"container-title":["Internal and Emergency Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11739-026-04499-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11739-026-04499-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11739-026-04499-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T05:37:34Z","timestamp":1787204254000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11739-026-04499-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["4499"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11739-026-04499-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1828-0447","1970-9366"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1828-0447","type":"print"},{"value":"1970-9366","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 August 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 August 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflicts of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved on 17\/10\/2012 by the local Institutional Ethics Committees of University \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d of Catanzaro (code protocol number 2012.63) for CATAnzaro Metabolic Risk factors (CATAMERI) Study; and on 20\/10\/2022 by Comitato Etico \u201cArea Centro\u201d (2022.304) for the \"MAgna GraecIa evaluation of Comorbidities in patients with Heart Failure (MAGIC-HF) study; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05915364. All investigations were made in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Institutional review board","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Informed written consent was obtained from all participants.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Informed consent","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}