{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T23:48:11Z","timestamp":1790380091181,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,1]],"date-time":"2004-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1086048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lipids"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), an anticarcinogenic compound with numerous other health benefits, is present mainly in dairy and beef lipids. The main CLA isomer present in dairy and beef lipids is <jats:italic>cis<\/jats:italic> 9, <jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic> 11 CLA at a 0.5% concentration. The typical minimum human dietary intake of CLA is 10 times less than the 3 g\/d suggested requirement that has been extrapolated from animal and cell\u2010line studies. The objectives of this study were to produce CLA isomers from soybean oil by photoisomerization of soybean oil linoleic acid and to study the oxidation status of the oil. Refined, bleached, and deodorized soybean oil with added iodine concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5% was exposed to a 100\u2010W mercury lamp for 0 to 120 h. An SP\u20102560 fused\u2010silica capillary GC column with FID was used to analyze the esterified CLA isomers in the photoisomerized oil. The CLA content of the individual isomers was optimized by response surface methodology. Attenuated total reflectance (ATR)\u2010FTIR spectra in the 3400 to 3600 cm<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> range and <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H NMR spectra in the 8 to 12 ppm range of the photoisomerized soybean oil were obtained to follow hydroperoxide formation. The largest amount of <jats:italic>cis<\/jats:italic> 9, <jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic> 11 CLA isomer in soybean oil was 0.6%, obtained with 0.25% iodine and 84 h of photoisomerization. Lipid hydroperoxide peaks in the ATR\u2010FTIR spectra and aldehyde peaks in the <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H NMR spectra were not observed in the photoisomerized soybean oil, and the spectra were similar to that of fresh soybean oil. This study shows that CLA isomers can be produced simply and inexpensively from soybean oil by photoisomerization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-004-1266-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,13]],"date-time":"2006-11-13T14:37:47Z","timestamp":1163428667000},"page":"577-582","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Photochemical production of conjugated linoleic acid from soybean oil"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"R. R.","family":"Gangidi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science University of Arkansas 2650 N. Young Ave. Fayetteville AR 72704"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Proctor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science University of Arkansas 2650 N. Young Ave. Fayetteville AR 72704"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/8.12.1881"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-1575(92)90037-K"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"1212","article-title":"Conjugated Linoleic Acid Suppresses Mammary Carcinogenesis and Proliferation Activity of the Mammary Gland in the Rat","volume":"54","author":"Ip C.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9150(94)90034-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-999-0358-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1994.1157"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf981002u"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2621.2003.tb12308.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"949","article-title":"Photoconjugation of Methyl Linoleate in the Presence of Iodine as Sensitizer","volume":"38","author":"Seki K.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Yukagaku"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"157","article-title":"Photoisomerization Solaire des Huiles Vegetales Catalysee par l'Iode","volume":"33","author":"Canaguier R.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Rev. Fr. Corps Gras"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"401","article-title":"Isomerisation Photochimique des Acides Gras Polyinsatures Catalysee par l'Iode","volume":"31","author":"Canaguier R.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Rev. Fr. Corps Gras"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-2670(87)87029-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-1763-4","volume-title":"Soybeans\u2014Chemistry, Technology, and Utilization","author":"Liu K.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"147","article-title":"A Practical Guide to the Analysis of Conjugated Linoleic Acid","volume":"12","author":"Christie W.W.","year":"2001","journal-title":"inform"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-6223(75)90016-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/la991418h"}],"container-title":["Lipids"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aocs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11745-004-1266-7","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T14:27:25Z","timestamp":1760970445000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aocs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s11745-004-1266-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1007\/s11745-004-1266-7"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11745-004-1266-7","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0024-4201","1558-9307"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0024-4201","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-9307","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]}}}