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Increasing evidence, reviewed here, indicates that LC\u2010PUFA deficiencies or imbalances are associated with childhood developmental and psychiatric disorders including ADHD, dyslexia, dyspraxia, and autistic spectrum disorders. These conditions show a high clinical overlap and run in the same families, as well as showing associations with various adult psychiatric disorders in which FA abnormalities are already implicated, such as depression, other mood disorders, and schizophrenia. Preliminary evidence from controlled trials also suggests that dietary supplementation with LC\u2010PUFA might help in the management of these kinds of childhood behavioral and learning difficulties. Treatment with omega\u20103 FA appears most promising, but the few small studies published to date have involved different populations, study designs, treatments, and outcome measures. Largescale studies are now needed to confirm the benefits reported. Further research is also required to assess the durability of such treatment effects, to determine optimal treatment compositions and dosages, and to develop reliable ways of identifying those individuals most likely to benefit from this kind of treatment. Childhood developmental and psychiatric disorders clearly reflect multifactorial influences, but the study of LC\u2010PUFA and their metabolism could offer important new approaches to their early identification and management. Heterogeneity and comorbidity are such, however, that a focus on specific traits or symptoms may prove more fruitful than an exclusive reliance on current diagnostic categories.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-004-1350-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,13]],"date-time":"2006-11-13T19:51:29Z","timestamp":1163447489000},"page":"1215-1222","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Long\u2010chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in childhood developmental and psychiatric disorders"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Alexandra J.","family":"Richardson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Lab of Physiology Park Road Oxford OX1 3PT UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","volume-title":"Phospholipid spectrum disorders in psychiatry and neurology.","author":"Peet M.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/plef.2000.0184"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/plef.2000.0188"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199907000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00691"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_1","first-page":"477","volume-title":"Phospholipid Spectrum Disorders in Psychiatry and Neurology","author":"Richardson A.J.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/plef.2000.0196"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.144.3.330"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1994.tb01233.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-9877(95)90246-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200011000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/plef.2000.0191"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/71.1.275S"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(06)80735-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-001-0798-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/plef.2000.0198"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000376"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4547(19990615)56:6<565::AID-JNR2>3.0.CO;2-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0753-3322(02)00253-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000073790"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370304800308"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/128.2.427S"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_24_1","first-page":"837","article-title":"The Major Psychoses and Neuroses as Omega\u20103 Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency Syndrome: Substrate Pellagra","volume":"16","author":"Rudin D.O.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Biol. 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