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Gender is a significant factor in the rates of progression of many forms of human renal disease, but the role of gender in the response to nutrition intervention in renal disease is unexplored. In this study, male and female Han:SPRD\u2010<jats:italic>cy<\/jats:italic> rats or normal littermates were fed either corn oil (CO) or flax oil (FO) diets, with or without 20 mg\/kg of the diet flax lignan secoisolaricinoresinol dyglycoside (SDG). Renal injury was assessed morphometrically and biochemically. Renal and hepatic PUFA composition was assessed by GC and renal PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> release by ELISA. FO preserved body weight in PKD males, with no effect in females. SDG reduced weight in both normal and PKD females. FO reduced proteinuria in both male and female PKD. FO reduced cystic change and renal inflammation in PKD males but reduced cystic change, fibrosis, renal inflammation, tissue lipid peroxides, and epithelial proliferation in PKD females. SDG reduced renal inflammation in all animals and lipid peroxides in PKD fenales. A strong interaction between SDG and FO was observed in renal FA composition of female kidneys only, suggesting increased conversion of C<jats:sub>18<\/jats:sub> PUFA to C<jats:sub>20<\/jats:sub> PUFA. FO reduced renal release of PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> in both genders. Gender influences the effects of flaxseed derivatives in Han:SPRD\u2010<jats:italic>cy<\/jats:italic> rats. Gender\u2010based responses to environmental factors, such as dietary lipid sources and micronutrients, may contribute to gender\u2010based differences in disease progression rates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-006-5064-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,8]],"date-time":"2007-02-08T21:34:05Z","timestamp":1170970445000},"page":"1141-1149","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Effects of flaxseed derivatives in experimental polycystic kidney disease vary with animal gender"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Malcolm R.","family":"Ogborn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health University of Manitoba 715 McDermot Street, Winnipeg Winnipeg Mannitoba R3C 3P4 Canada"},{"name":"Department of Human Nutritional Sciences University of Manitoba 715 McDermot Street, Winnipeg Winnipeg Manitoba R3C 3P4 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evan","family":"Nitschmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health University of Manitoba 715 McDermot Street, Winnipeg Winnipeg Mannitoba R3C 3P4 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neda","family":"Bankovic\u2010Calic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health University of Manitoba 715 McDermot Street, Winnipeg Winnipeg Mannitoba R3C 3P4 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hope A.","family":"Weiler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition McGill University Montreal Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harold M.","family":"Aukema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health University of Manitoba 715 McDermot Street, Winnipeg Winnipeg Mannitoba R3C 3P4 Canada"},{"name":"Department of Human Nutritional Sciences University of Manitoba 715 McDermot Street, Winnipeg Winnipeg Manitoba R3C 3P4 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ackd.2005.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.1993.10718342"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/np010367x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/69.3.395"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(97)06110-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.62.4.438"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0952-3278(92)90213-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/63.1.116"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.1985.tb01427.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.17.1.353"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00329.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/bcb-76-2-3-553"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.1999.00287.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-002-1001-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-6386(95)90015-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(12)70326-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1995.316"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1992.195"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000061774.90975.25"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V491670"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V11122351"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_23_1","first-page":"38","article-title":"Impact of Gender on Renal Disease: the Role of the Renin Angiotensin System","volume":"26","author":"Kang A.K.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. 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