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Finger\u2010pricked blood was collected on filter paper previously impregnated with 0.05 mg of the antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene and air\u2010dried at room temperature. Transmethylation was accelerated by microwave irradiation in an explosion\u2010proof multimode microwave reaction system. The chemical procedure was based on a one\u2010step direct transmethylation procedure catalyzed by acetyl chloride. The short\u2010term stability of PUFA in blood dried on filter paper and storage at room temperature was examined using venous blood. The recoveries ranged from 97 to 101 % for the categorized fatty acids as well as the ratios of n\u20106 to n\u20103 PUFA and the n\u20103 % highly unsaturated fatty acid. Specifically, recoveries were 99, 98, 97, and 97 % for linoleic acid (18:2n\u20106), arachidonic acid (ARA), \u03b1\u2010linolenic acid (ALA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), respectively. The mol% (mean \u00b1 SD, 95 % confidence interval) of fatty acid composition in subjects from the population study was determined as 36.2 \u00b1 3.8 (35.8, 36.7), 23.2 \u00b1 3.0 (22.8, 23.5), 36.8 \u00b1 3.5 (36.4, 37.2) and 3.79 \u00b1 1.0 (3.68, 3.91) for the saturated, monounsaturated, n\u20106 and n\u20103 PUFA, respectively. Individually, the mean mol% (95 % CI) was 22.6 (22.3, 22.9) for 18:2n\u20106, 9.5 (9.3, 9.7) for ARA, 0.51 (0.49, 0.53) for ALA, 0.42 (0.38, 0.47) for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and 1.67 (1.61, 1.73) for DHA. This methodology provides an accelerated yet high\u2010efficiency, chemically safe, and temperature\u2010controlled transmethylation, with diverse laboratory applications including population studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-014-3918-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,2]],"date-time":"2014-07-02T01:10:50Z","timestamp":1404263450000},"page":"839-851","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Fast Transmethylation of Total Lipids in Dried Blood by Microwave Irradiation and its Application to a Population Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Yu Hong","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics NIAAA, NIH Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Hanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human Ecology Louisiana Tech University Ruston LA USA"},{"name":"Department of Hospitality Management and Dietetics Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah E.","family":"Strandjord","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics NIAAA, NIH Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas M.","family":"Salem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics NIAAA, NIH Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael N.","family":"Dretsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Intrepid Center of Excellence Walter Reed National Military Medical Center Bethesda MD USA"},{"name":"U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory Fort Rucker AL USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark D.","family":"Haub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Nutrition Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph R.","family":"Hibbeln","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics NIAAA, NIH Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-2670(02)00397-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI104810"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-511X-9-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.32.3.338"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2003.12.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000235709"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-007-3141-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114511001978"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"80","article-title":"Fatty acid profiles of blood lipids in a population group in Tibet: correlations with diet and environmental conditions","volume":"17","author":"Rise P","year":"2008","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2010.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mpg.0000243429.24463.2f"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2009.05.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/1476830512Y.0000000025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)64849-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)40190-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)38861-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0012045"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.D000547"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-012-3661-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-012-3714-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-002-0927-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.D500022-JLR200"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02537351"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","volume-title":"Blood collection on filter paper for newborn screening programs; 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