{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T23:14:27Z","timestamp":1783034067497,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":164,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,2,1]],"date-time":"1998-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":886291200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Americ Oil Chem Soc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Free radicals and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) are constantly formed in the human body. Free\u2010radical mechanisms have been implicated in the pathology of several human diseases, including cancer, atherosclerosis, malaria, and rheumatoid arthritis and neurodegenerative diseases. For example, the superoxide radical (O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u00b7\u2212<\/jats:sup>) and hydrogen peroxide (H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) are known to be generated in the brain and nervous system <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>, and several areas of the human brain are rich in iron, which appears to be easily mobilizable in a form that can stimulate free\u2010radical reactions. Antioxidant defenses to remove O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u00b7\u2212<\/jats:sup> and H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> exist. Superoxide dismutases (SOD) remove O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u00b7\u2212<\/jats:sup> by greatly accelerating its conversion to H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. Catalases in peroxisomes convert H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> into water and O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and help to dispose of H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> generated by the action of the oxidase enzymes that are located in these organelles. Other important H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010removing enzymes in human cells are the glutathione peroxidases. When produced in excess, ROS can cause tissue injury. However, tissue injury can itself cause ROS generation (e.g., by causing activation of phagocytes or releasing transition metal ions from damaged cells), which may (or may not, depending on the situation) contribute to a worsening of the injury. Assessment of oxidative damage to biomolecules by means of emerging technologies based on products of oxidative damage to DNA (e.g., 8\u2010hydroxydeoxyguanosine), lipids (e.g., isoprostanes), and proteins (altered amino acids) would not only advance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms but also facilitate supplementation and intervention studies designed and conducted to test antioxidant efficacy in human health and disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11746-998-0032-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,28]],"date-time":"2007-05-28T10:20:16Z","timestamp":1180347616000},"page":"199-212","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1181,"title":["Free radicals, oxidative stress, and antioxidants in human health and disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Okezie I.","family":"Aruoma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"OICA International, Saint Lucia, West Indies, and Pharmacology Group King\u2019s College London London SW3 6LX Great Britain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja02049a006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr60068a006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Principles of Free Radical Chemistry","author":"Cadogan J.I.G.","year":"1973"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/tf9353100668"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Radical Chemistry","author":"Perkins M.J.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"The Chemistry of Free Radical Polymerization","author":"Moad G.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/tf9433900140"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.119.3097.623"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)63504-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Superoxide and Superoxide Dismutases","author":"Michelson A.M.","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"210","article-title":"Free Radicals and Foods","volume":"29","author":"Aruoma O.I.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Chem. Br."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0748233793009001-209"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Food Antioxidant","author":"Hudson B.J.F."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-7827(80)90006-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0748233793009001-210"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","first-page":"121","volume-title":"Free Radicals and Food Additives","author":"L\u00f6liger R.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"189S","article-title":"Antioxidant Nutrients and Disease Prevention: An Overview","volume":"53","author":"Diplock A.T.","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01635589209514201"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(95)02110-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","first-page":"1291","article-title":"Antioxidant Supplementation Decreases Oxidative DNA Damage in Human Lymphocytes","volume":"56","author":"Duthie S.J.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(96)00654-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1982.tb31228.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)64862-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine","author":"Halliwell B.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"Free Radicals in Tropical Diseases","author":"Aruoma O.I.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V64.5.959.959"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-93-3-480"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198902093200606"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","first-page":"153","article-title":"An Approach to Free Radicals in Medicine and Biology","volume":"492","author":"Del\u2010Maestro R.F.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. Scand. suppl."},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"For a collection of review articles","volume":"102","year":"1994","journal-title":"Oxygen Radicals and Lung Injury, Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-6147(89)90029-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","first-page":"95","volume-title":"DNA and Free Radicals","author":"Bast A.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00039896.1965.10664082"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(90)90035-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","first-page":"451","article-title":"Mechanism of Radical Formation from Reactions of Ozone with Target Molecules in the Lung","volume":"17","author":"Pryor W.A.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ibid."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)31548-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/333664a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.84.24.9265"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","first-page":"1341","article-title":"Endothelium\u2010Derived Relaxing Factor Reduces Platelet Adhesion to Bovine Endothelium Cells","volume":"85","author":"Sneddon J.W.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ibid."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.149.2.7508323"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)92405-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx960037q"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","unstructured":"Lancaster J. ed. The Biological Chemistry of Nitric Oxide Academic Press New York 1995."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.74.2.349"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx00045a020"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10715769609088035"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(96)00220-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx950102g"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"An Adduct Between Peroxynitrite and 2\u2032\u2010Deoxyguanosine: 4,5\u2010Dihydro\u20105\u2010hydroxy\u20104\u2010(nitrosooxy)\u20102\u2032\u2010deoxyguanosine","volume":"9","author":"Douki T.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ibid."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(95)01281-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx960084i"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.1759"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10715769309145868"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3030295"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13510002.1995.11746996"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1995.1170"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","first-page":"452","article-title":"Bactericidal Activity of Peroxynitrite","volume":"298","author":"Zhu L.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ibid."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(20)64313-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(95)00413-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)39861-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.1995.268.5.L699"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(93)80269-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","first-page":"279","article-title":"Peroxynitrite Mediated Oxidative Protein Modifications","volume":"364","author":"Ischiropoulos H.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ibid."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(92)90181-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2981433"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","first-page":"109","volume-title":"DNA and Free Radicals","author":"Cheeseman K.H.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.23.9383"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(95)02072-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_70_1","first-page":"55","volume-title":"Oxidative Stress, Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Dysfunction","author":"Esterbauer H.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI111868"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1996.0317"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.52.070183.003255"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0043-1354(79)90023-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.1982.0130"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(92)90373-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00498259209046624"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf00035a014"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-6915(94)90011-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)83102-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2730601"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_82_1","first-page":"273","article-title":"Superoxide\u2010Dependent and Ascorbate\u2010Dependent Formation of Hydroxyl Radicals from Hydrogen Peroxide in the Presence of Iron: Are Lactoferrin and Transferrin Promoters of Hydroxyl Radical Generation","volume":"241","author":"Aruoma O.I.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ibid."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(90)86093-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.3.1102"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)42443-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(95)98504-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012525445-8\/50006-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199312303292706"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.17.7915"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.1991.tb00333.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_91_1","volume-title":"Natural Antioxidants in Human Health and Disease","author":"Frei B.","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-9120(93)90111-I"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-5730-8_68"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_94_1","first-page":"242","article-title":"Antioxidants: Health Implications","volume":"5","author":"Haumann B.F.","year":"1994","journal-title":"INFORM"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-0348-7432-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198549024.001.0001","volume-title":"Antioxidants in Nutrition, Health and Disease","author":"Gutteridge J.M.C.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_97_1","volume-title":"Natural Antioxidants and Food Quality in Atherosclerosis and Cancer Prevention","author":"Kumpulainen J.T.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nu.16.070196.000341"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_99_1","volume-title":"Antioxidants in Disease Mechanisms and Therapy","author":"Sies H.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199305203282003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116964"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)92876-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_103_1","first-page":"65","article-title":"Long Term Adequacy of All Major Antioxidants, Presumably in Synergy with Other Vegetable\u2010Derived Nutrients May Help to Prevent Early Stages of Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer Respectively","volume":"65","author":"Gey K.F.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int. J. Vitamin Nutr. Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_104_1","first-page":"603","article-title":"Consumption of Antioxidant Vitamins and Incidence of Stroke in Women","volume":"138","author":"Manson J.E.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_105_1","first-page":"1083","article-title":"Vitamin Supplement Use and Reduced Risk of Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer","volume":"135","author":"Gridley G.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ibid."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.305.6849.335"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00210955"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)41515-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/85.18.1483"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1994.01090140098031"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199407213310301"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_112_1","first-page":"1029","article-title":"The Effect of Vitamin E and Beta Carotene on the Incidence of Lung Cancer and Other Cancers in Male Smokers (The Alpha\u2010Tocopherol, Beta Carotene Cancer Prevention Study Group)","volume":"330","author":"Heinonen O.P.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ibid."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_113_1","first-page":"1145","article-title":"Lack of Effect of LongTerm Supplementation With \u03b2\u2010Carotene on the Incidence of Malignant Neoplasma and Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"334","author":"Henekens C.H.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ibid."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03520380049034"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)90866-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0955-2863(95)00032-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199605023341802"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1996.0977"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/24.8.1389"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10715769209049179"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(94)00209-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_122_1","first-page":"399","article-title":"Evidence for Involvement of Multiple Iron Species in DNA Single\u2010Strand Scission by H2O2 in HL\u201060 Cells","volume":"20","author":"Brynes R.W.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ibid."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx00024a001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr60327a001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/9.21.5811"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_126_1","volume-title":"DNA and Free Radicals","author":"Halliwell B.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)47091-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(91)90080-M"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(94)01056-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/14.9.1733"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(96)02045-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.24.9697"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15287399309531806"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx00008a004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1993.1525"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)49494-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.22.11021"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_138_1","volume-title":"Antioxidant Methodology: In Vivo and In Vitro Concepts","author":"Halliwell B.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_139_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI108617"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_140_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(87)90915-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_141_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.135.4.1496"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1041640120"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_143_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.135.3.1109"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_144_1","first-page":"541","article-title":"15\u2010Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid Inhibits Neutrophil Migration Across Cytokine\u2010Activated Endothelium","volume":"145","author":"Takata S.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_145_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4347(95)00035-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1993.1091"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_147_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116143"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_148_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(95)02087-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)41781-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_150_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10715769609145656"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0309-1651(78)90032-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_152_1","first-page":"166","volume-title":"DNA and Free Radicals","author":"Ramotar D.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_153_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(91)90167-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_154_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)31396-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_155_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(94)33041-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_156_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)94071-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_157_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1995.1347"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_158_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10715769609088038"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(94)33040-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_160_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx00034a007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_161_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)45598-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_162_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2621.1961.tb00387.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_163_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3240001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_164_1","first-page":"29","volume-title":"Molecular Biology of Free Radicals in Human Diseases","author":"Fu S.S.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_165_1","first-page":"1236","article-title":"Extracts as Antioxidant Prophylactic Agents","volume":"8","author":"Aruoma O.I.","year":"1997","journal-title":"INFORM"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1007%2Fs11746-998-0032-9","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aocs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11746-998-0032-9","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T15:57:47Z","timestamp":1759939067000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aocs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s11746-998-0032-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,2]]},"references-count":164,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1007\/s11746-998-0032-9"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11746-998-0032-9","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-021X","1558-9331"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-021X","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-9331","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,2]]}}}