{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T22:53:07Z","timestamp":1793141587950,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778457600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a cadaveric feasibility study of two intrapleural applications of single-use bronchoscopes. In Approach 1, a 2.7 mm bronchoscope was used as a visual stylet inside a 20-Fr trocar catheter to confirm pleural entry and drain-tip position. In Approach 2, a 5.0 mm bronchoscope was used as a flexible thoracoscope for limited pleural inspection, aspiration, and direct-vision forceps biopsy; a sprayed-instillation maneuver was performed only to confirm technical deliverability. Approach 1 was attempted and feasible in six hemithoraces of three Thiel-embalmed cadavers. Approach 2 was attempted and feasible in four hemithoraces; it was not attempted in two hemithoraces due to time constraints and a large persistent air leak after Approach (1) No negative-to-positive conversion (new persistent air leak) was observed after Approach (2) These techniques may offer complementary approaches to conventional methods for observing the intrathoracic space and therefore warrant stepwise clinical validation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11748-026-02309-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T08:13:17Z","timestamp":1778487197000},"page":"913-916","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Single-use bronchoscopes for pleural cavity access: cadaveric feasibility study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Imabayashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2874-581X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuki","family":"Sata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terunaga","family":"Inage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhisa","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takane","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidemi","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2309_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0b013e31824ee45b","volume":"19","author":"MA Khan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Khan MA, Ambalavanan S, Thomson D, Miles J, Munavvar M. A comparison of the diagnostic yield of rigid and semirigid thoracoscopes. J Bronchol Interv Pulmonol. 2012;19:98\u2013101.","journal-title":"J Bronchol Interv Pulmonol"},{"key":"2309_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.02738","volume":"59","author":"S Dhooria","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dhooria S, Singh N, Aggarwal AN, Gupta D, Agarwal R. A randomized trial comparing the diagnostic yield of rigid and semirigid thoracoscopy in undiagnosed pleural effusions. Respir Care. 2014;59:756\u201364.","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"key":"2309_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394817","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/394817","volume":"2009","author":"T Yokoyama","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yokoyama T, Toda R, Tomioka R, Aizawa H. Medical thoracoscopy performed using a flexible bronchoscope inserted through a chest tube under local anesthesia. Diagn Ther Endosc. 2009;2009:394817.","journal-title":"Diagn Ther Endosc"},{"key":"2309_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4108","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2017.06.138","volume":"9","author":"K Harris","year":"2017","unstructured":"Harris K, Alraiyes AH, Dhillon SS. Initial experience of medical pleuroscopy via the peel-away introducer of the indwelling pleural catheter using a thin bronchoscope. J Thorac Dis. 2017;9:4108\u201313.","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"2309_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3631","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd-2025-135","volume":"17","author":"AR Shamsuddin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shamsuddin AR, Mohamad Jailaini MF, Azmel AA, Abdul Hamid MF. Comparison of diagnostic yield and complication of medical thoracoscopy using flexible bronchoscope versus semi-rigid pleuroscope among hospitalized patients with pleural effusion (FLEXPLEUR): a retrospective observational study. J Thorac Dis. 2025;17:3631\u201342.","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"}],"container-title":["General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11748-026-02309-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11748-026-02309-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11748-026-02309-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T10:08:18Z","timestamp":1787652498000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11748-026-02309-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["2309"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11748-026-02309-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1863-6705","1863-6713"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1863-6705","type":"print"},{"value":"1863-6713","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Hiroki Imabayashi, Yuki Sata, Terunaga Inage, Kazuhisa Tanaka, Takane Suzuki, and Hidemi Suzuki received in-kind device support from Ambu Inc. All authors have no conflict of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"IRB\/ERB approval: M10815 (19 December 2024). Informed consent: not required for cadaveric studies.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}