{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T15:53:11Z","timestamp":1792684391774,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,1]],"date-time":"2014-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1391212800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Children's Orthopaedics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Kingella kingae is an increasingly identified cause of musculoskeletal infections in young children. We report our experience with a recently developed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and review the clinical course of children diagnosed with K. kingae septic arthritis in a tertiary referral paediatric hospital.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All positive cases of K. kingae identified by PCR analysis of synovial fluid from August 2010 until July 2013 were included. A chart review was undertaken to determine history, presentation and management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      27 Children (14 male, 13 female) had PCR positive synovial fluid samples for K. kingae with median age of 19 months (range 4 months to 5 years 3 months). The sites of infection were knee (17 cases), hip (2 cases), ankle (5 cases), shoulder (2 cases) and elbow. The median temperature on presentation was 37.1 \u00b0C, median peripheral white blood cell count 12.4 (9.9\u201313.8) \u00d7 10\n                      <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/L, erythrocyte sedimentation rate 55 (48\u201360) mm\/h and C-reactive protein 24 (8\u201347) mg\/L. The median synovial fluid white cell count was 21.8 (16.7\u201345.0) \u00d7 10\n                      <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/L. Routine cultures identified K. kingae in only two synovial fluid samples. Two samples were additionally positive for Staphylococcus aureus.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Kingella kingae is a significant cause of septic arthritis in young children. The authors recommend maintaining a high index of suspicion in young children presenting with joint inflammation, especially if indices of infection are mild. It appears likely that children historically treated with antibiotics for \u201cculture negative\u201d septic arthritis were infected with K. kingae. PCR techniques for detection of K. kingae should be encouraged.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11832-014-0549-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,22]],"date-time":"2014-01-22T08:54:48Z","timestamp":1390380888000},"page":"91-95","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["<i>Kingella kingae<\/i>\n                    septic arthritis in children: recognising an elusive pathogen"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Nicole","family":"Williams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Women's and Children's Hospital, 72 King William Rd, 5006, North Adelaide, SA Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Orthopaedic and Trauma Research, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celia","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Women's and Children's Hospital, 72 King William Rd, 5006, North Adelaide, SA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Cundy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Women's and Children's Hospital, 72 King William Rd, 5006, North Adelaide, SA Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Orthopaedic and Trauma Research, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-s11832-014-0549-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-1867"},{"key":"bibr2-s11832-014-0549-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0b013e3181d4732f"},{"key":"bibr3-s11832-014-0549-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000215243.42501.4f"},{"key":"bibr4-s11832-014-0549-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-2051"},{"key":"bibr5-s11832-014-0549-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199508000-00005"},{"key":"bibr6-s11832-014-0549-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199412000-00016"},{"key":"bibr7-s11832-014-0549-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2004) Osteomyelitis\/septic arthritis caused by\n                      Kingella kingae\n                      among day care attendees\u2014Minnesota, 2003. 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