{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T22:29:06Z","timestamp":1768343346695,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,9]],"date-time":"2020-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594252800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,9]],"date-time":"2020-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ir J Med Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-020-02304-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,9]],"date-time":"2020-07-09T21:07:00Z","timestamp":1594328820000},"page":"395-401","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Head and neck injury in major trauma in Ireland: a multicentre retrospective analysis of patterns and surgical workload"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"190","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8355-812X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdulrahman","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Mulcaire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony James P.","family":"Clover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2304_CR1","volume-title":"Injuries and violence: the facts","author":"World Health Organisation","year":"2010","unstructured":"World Health Organisation (2010) Injuries and violence: the facts. World Health Organisation, Geneva"},{"key":"2304_CR2","volume-title":"Major trauma audit National Report 2018","author":"National Office of Clinical Audit","year":"2018","unstructured":"National Office of Clinical Audit (2018) Major trauma audit National Report 2018. National Office of Clinical Audit, Dublin"},{"key":"2304_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shepherd JP, Frame J, Pedlar J (2007) Oral and maxillofacial surgery. Maxillofacial Trauma. Churchill Livingstone","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-10073-4.50017-3"},{"issue":"6","key":"2304_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2005.018200","volume":"39","author":"AS McIntosh","year":"2005","unstructured":"McIntosh AS, McCrory P (2005) Preventing head and neck injury. Br J Sports Med 39(6):314\u2013318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjsm.2005.018200","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"2304_CR5","unstructured":"The Royal College of Surgeons of England (2009) Regional trauma systems interim guidance for commissioners. RCSENG - Professional Standards and Regulation"},{"issue":"3","key":"2304_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197403000-00001","volume":"14","author":"SP Baker","year":"1974","unstructured":"Baker SP, O'Neill B, Haddon W Jr, Long WB (1974) The injury severity score: a method for describing patients with multiple injuries and evaluating emergency care. J Trauma 14(3):187\u2013196","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"4","key":"2304_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000304603.19047.0b","volume":"121","author":"D Erdmann","year":"2008","unstructured":"Erdmann D, Price K, Reed S et al (2008) A financial analysis of operative facial fracture management. Plast Reconstr Surg 121(4):1323\u20131327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.prs.0000304603.19047.0b","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"2304_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.88b3.17120","volume":"88","author":"SB Naique","year":"2006","unstructured":"Naique SB, Pearse M, Nanchahal J (2006) Management of severe open tibial fractures: the need for combined orthopaedic and plastic surgical treatment in specialist centres. J Bone Joint Surg Br 88(3):351\u2013357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620x.88b3.17120","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"1","key":"2304_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2014.10.011","volume":"43","author":"P Boffano","year":"2015","unstructured":"Boffano P, Roccia F, Zavattero E et al (2015) European Maxillofacial Trauma (EURMAT) project: a multicentre and prospective study. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 43(1):62\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcms.2014.10.011","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"2304_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599814546112","volume":"151","author":"RK Sethi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sethi RK, Kozin ED, Fagenholz PJ et al (2014) Epidemiological survey of head and neck injuries and trauma in the United States. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 151(5):776\u2013784. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0194599814546112","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2304_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/s0266-4356(98)90739-2","volume":"36","author":"IL Hutchison","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hutchison IL, Magennis P, Shepherd JP, Brown AE (1998) The BAOMS United Kingdom survey of facial injuries part 1: aetiology and the association with alcohol consumption. British Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 36(1):3\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0266-4356(98)90739-2","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"2304_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1834-7819.2006.tb00433.x","volume":"51","author":"FN Shahim","year":"2006","unstructured":"Shahim FN, Cameron P, McNeil JJ (2006) Maxillofacial trauma in major trauma patients. Aust Dent J 51(3):225\u2013230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1834-7819.2006.tb00433.x","journal-title":"Aust Dent J"},{"issue":"3","key":"2304_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200009000-00007","volume":"49","author":"NJ Hogg","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hogg NJ, Stewart TC, Armstrong JE, Girotti MJ (2000) Epidemiology of maxillofacial injuries at trauma hospitals in Ontario, Canada, between 1992 and 1997. J Trauma 49(3):425\u2013432. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00005373-200009000-00007","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"2304_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2015.07.016","volume":"47","author":"C Deasy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Deasy C, Cronin M, Cahill F et al (2016) Implementing major trauma audit in Ireland. Injury 47(1):166\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2015.07.016","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"5","key":"2304_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181ed4d29","volume":"70","author":"D Rowell","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rowell D, Connelly L, Webber J et al (2011) What are the true costs of major trauma? J Trauma 70(5):1086\u20131095. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181ed4d29","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"2304_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1566160","volume":"9","author":"H Moses","year":"2016","unstructured":"Moses H, Powers D, Keeler J et al (2016) Opportunity cost of surgical management of craniomaxillofacial trauma. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 9(1):76\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0035-1566160","journal-title":"Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr"},{"issue":"7","key":"2304_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2140","DOI":"10.1097\/01.Prs.0000060105.63335.0c","volume":"111","author":"M Rankin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Rankin M, Borah GL (2003) Perceived functional impact of abnormal facial appearance. Plast Reconstr Surg 111(7):2140\u20132146; discussion 2147-2148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.Prs.0000060105.63335.0c","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"2304_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2011.02.057","volume":"69","author":"V Allareddy","year":"2011","unstructured":"Allareddy V, Allareddy V, Nalliah RP (2011) Epidemiology of facial fracture injuries. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 69(10):2613\u20132618. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joms.2011.02.057","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"2304_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2011.08.006","volume":"40","author":"B van den Bergh","year":"2012","unstructured":"van den Bergh B, Karagozoglu KH, Heymans MW, Forouzanfar T (2012) Aetiology and incidence of maxillofacial trauma in Amsterdam: a retrospective analysis of 579 patients. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 40(6):e165\u2013e169. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcms.2011.08.006","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"2304_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1374061","volume":"7","author":"A Mabrouk","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mabrouk A, Helal H, Mohamed AR, Mahmoud N (2014) Incidence, etiology, and patterns of maxillofacial fractures in Ain-shams University, Cairo, Egypt: a 4-year retrospective study. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 7(3):224\u2013232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0034-1374061","journal-title":"Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr"},{"issue":"3","key":"2304_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3182587f86","volume":"24","author":"HH Zhou","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhou HH, Ongodia D, Liu Q et al (2013) Changing pattern in the characteristics of maxillofacial fractures. J Craniofac Surg 24(3):929\u2013933. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3182587f86","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"2304_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/s10006-016-0576-z","volume":"20","author":"P Manodh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Manodh P, Prabhu Shankar D, Pradeep D et al (2016) Incidence and patterns of maxillofacial trauma-a retrospective analysis of 3611 patients-an update. Oral Maxillofac Surg 20(4):377\u2013383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10006-016-0576-z","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"2304_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2011.11.004","volume":"40","author":"A Naveen Shankar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Naveen Shankar A, Naveen Shankar V, Hegde N et al (2012) The pattern of the maxillofacial fractures - a multicentre retrospective study. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 40(8):675\u2013679. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcms.2011.11.004","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2304_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1054\/ijom.2002.0373","volume":"32","author":"WM Thomson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Thomson WM, Stephenson S, Kieser JA, Langley JD (2003) Dental and maxillofacial injuries among older New Zealanders during the 1990s. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 32(2):201\u2013205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1054\/ijom.2002.0373","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"2304_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9290.44532","volume":"19","author":"BR Chandra Shekar","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chandra Shekar BR, Reddy C (2008) A five-year retrospective statistical analysis of maxillofacial injuries in patients admitted and treated at two hospitals of Mysore city. Indian J Dent Res 19(4):304\u2013308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0970-9290.44532","journal-title":"Indian J Dent Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2304_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.90.4.523","volume":"90","author":"EG Krug","year":"2000","unstructured":"Krug EG, Sharma GK, Lozano R (2000) The global burden of injuries. Am J Public Health 90(4):523\u2013526. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/ajph.90.4.523","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"2304_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1136\/emermed-2015-205265","volume":"32","author":"A Kehoe","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kehoe A, Smith JE, Edwards A et al (2015) The changing face of major trauma in the UK. Emerg Med J 32(12):911\u2013915. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/emermed-2015-205265","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"2304_CR28","volume-title":"Population and labour force projections 2016\u20132046","author":"Central Statistics Office","year":"2013","unstructured":"Central Statistics Office (2013) Population and labour force projections 2016\u20132046. Central Statistics Office, Dublin"},{"issue":"1","key":"2304_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s10006-011-0280-y","volume":"16","author":"BR Chrcanovic","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chrcanovic BR (2012) Factors influencing the incidence of maxillofacial fractures. Oral Maxillofac Surg 16(1):3\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10006-011-0280-y","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"2304_CR30","volume-title":"Alcohol in Ireland: consumption, harm, cost and policy response","author":"D Mongan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mongan D, Long J (2016) Alcohol in Ireland: consumption, harm, cost and policy response. Health Research Board, Dublin"},{"issue":"2","key":"2304_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1054\/ijom.2002.0323","volume":"32","author":"AO Fasola","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fasola AO, Obiechina AE, Arotiba JT (2003) Incidence and pattern of maxillofacial fractures in the elderly. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 32(2):206\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1054\/ijom.2002.0323","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"9500","key":"2304_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(05)67604-0","volume":"366","author":"P Kannus","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kannus P, Sievanen H, Palvanen M et al (2005) Prevention of falls and consequent injuries in elderly people. Lancet 366(9500):1885\u20131893. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(05)67604-0","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -)"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11845-020-02304-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11845-020-02304-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11845-020-02304-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T23:12:47Z","timestamp":1625785967000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11845-020-02304-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,9]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["2304"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11845-020-02304-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-1265","1863-4362"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-1265","type":"print"},{"value":"1863-4362","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 June 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 July 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 July 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest\/competing interests"}},{"value":"This study received ethical approval from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of University College Cork.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}}]}}