{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T03:04:30Z","timestamp":1792379070810,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]],"date-time":"2021-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]],"date-time":"2021-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ir J Med Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-021-02630-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]],"date-time":"2021-05-13T19:02:56Z","timestamp":1620932576000},"page":"957-960","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Should continuous glucose monitoring systems be offered to all patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"191","author":[{"given":"Michael John","family":"Lockhart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diarmuid","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2630_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Galindo et al (2020) Continuous Glucose Monitoring: the achievement of 100 years of innovation in diabetes technology. Diabetes Res Clin Prac","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2020.108502"},{"key":"2630_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group (1993) The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med\u00a0329:977\u2013986","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199309303291401"},{"issue":"7","key":"2630_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2009","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-1770","volume":"36","author":"Miller","year":"2013","unstructured":"Miller et al (2013) Evidence of a strong association between frequency of self-monitoring of blood glucose and haemoglobin A1c levels in T1D exchange clinic registry participants. Diabetes Care 36(7):2009\u20132014","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2630_CR4","unstructured":"NHS Digital; National Diabetes Audit Diabetes Prevention Programme- Quarterly Report: 1 January to 31 December 2020"},{"key":"2630_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miller et al (2015) Current State of Type 1 Diabetes Treatment in the U.S.: Updated Data from the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry. Diabetes Care 38:971\u2013978","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-0078"},{"issue":"2","key":"2630_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2018.0384","volume":"21","author":"NC Foster","year":"2019","unstructured":"Foster NC et al (2019) State of type 1 diabetes management and outcomes from the T1D exchange in 2016\u20132018. Diabetes Technol Ther 21(2):66\u201372","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol Ther"},{"key":"2630_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cotter et al (2014) Glycaemic control is harder to achieve than blood pressure or lipid control in Irish adults with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Prac\u00a0","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2014.09.036"},{"issue":"8","key":"2630_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12459","volume":"31","author":"Dubowitz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dubowitz et al (2014) Aging is associated with increased HbA1c levels, independently of glucose levels and insulin resistance, and also with decreased HbA1c diagnostic specificity. Diabet Med 31(8):927\u2013935","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2630_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.5.1200","volume":"27","author":"Nielsen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nielsen et al (2004) HbA1c levels are significantly lower in early and late pregnancy. Diabetes Care 27(5):1200\u20131201","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"2630_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-2081","volume":"33","author":"Beck","year":"2010","unstructured":"Beck et al (2010) Prolonged nocturnal hypoglycaemia is common during 12 months of continuous glucose monitoring in children and adults with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 33(5):1004\u20131008","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"2630_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1177\/1932296818822496","volume":"13","author":"Beck","year":"2019","unstructured":"Beck et al (2019) The relationships between time in range, hyperglycemia metrics, and HbA1c. J Diabetes Sci Technol 13(4):614\u2013626","journal-title":"J Diabetes Sci Technol"},{"key":"2630_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beck et al (2017) Effect of continuous glucose monitoring on glycaemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes using insulin injections, The DIAMOND Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA\u00a0317(4):371\u2013378","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.19975"},{"issue":"6","key":"2630_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-2042","volume":"33","author":"Huang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Huang et al (2010) The cost-effectiveness of continuous glucose monitoring in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 33(6):1269\u20131274","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2630_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lind et al (2017) Continuous glucose monitoring vs conventional therapy for glycaemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin injections, The GOLD Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA\u00a0317(4):379\u2013387","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.19976"},{"issue":"10057","key":"2630_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"P2254","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31535-5","volume":"388","author":"Bolinder","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bolinder et al (2016) Novel glucose-sensing technology and hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetes: a multicentre, non-masked, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 388(10057):P2254-2263","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2630_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2153","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-0738","volume":"43","author":"Deshmukh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Deshmukh et al (2020) Effect of flash glucose monitoring on glycaemic control, hypoglycaemia, diabetes-related distress, and resource utilization in the Association of British Clinical Diabetologists (ABCD) nationwide audit. Diabetes Care 43:2153\u20132160","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2630_CR17","unstructured":"Cussen et al (2020) Multi-centre real world data on FreeStyle Libre in the Republic of Ireland. Irish Endocrinology Society 44th Annual Meeting; 1620, P10"},{"key":"2630_CR18","unstructured":"Bosi et al (2019) Efficacy and safety of suspend-before-low insulin pump technology in hypoglycaemia-prone adults with type 1 diabetes (SMILE): an open-label randomised controlled trial. Lancet"},{"issue":"10270","key":"2630_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32514-9","volume":"397","author":"Bergenstal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bergenstal et al (2021) A comparison of two hybrid closed-loop systems in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes (FLAIR): a multicentre, randomised, crossover trial. Lancet 397(10270):208\u2013219","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -)"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11845-021-02630-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11845-021-02630-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11845-021-02630-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,6]],"date-time":"2022-04-06T00:14:56Z","timestamp":1649204096000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11845-021-02630-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["2630"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11845-021-02630-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-1265","1863-4362"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-1265","type":"print"},{"value":"1863-4362","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 April 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 April 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 May 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}