{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T02:48:19Z","timestamp":1776912499155,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,3]],"date-time":"2022-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641168000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,3]],"date-time":"2022-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ir J Med Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-021-02903-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,3]],"date-time":"2022-01-03T19:03:20Z","timestamp":1641236600000},"page":"2785-2795","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Midodrine improves clinical and economic outcomes in patients with septic shock: a randomized controlled clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"191","author":[{"given":"Dina Hussein El","family":"Adly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8930-4697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naglaa Samir","family":"Bazan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Radwa Maher","family":"El Borolossy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Islam Fawzy","family":"Anan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed Amin","family":"Fakher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lamia Mohamed","family":"El Wakeel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2903_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW et al (2016) The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 315:801\u2013810. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2016.0287","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0287"},{"key":"2903_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shankar-Hari M, Phillips GS, Levy ML et al (2016) Sepsis definitions task force. Developing a new definition and assessing new clinical criteria for septic shock: for the third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 315:775\u2013787. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2016.0289","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0289"},{"key":"2903_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003119","volume":"46","author":"MM Levy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Levy MM, Evans LE, Rhodes A (2018) The surviving sepsis campaign bundle: 2018 update. Crit Care Med 46:997\u20131000. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003119","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2903_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2011.01588.x","volume":"165","author":"MN Bangash","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bangash MN, Kong ML, Pearse RM (2012) Use of inotropes and vasopressor agents in critically ill patients. Br J Pharmacol 165:2015\u20132033. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2011.01588.x","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2903_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Poveromo LB, Michalets EL, Sutherland SE (2016) Midodrine for the weaning of vasopressor infusions. J Clin Pharm Ther 41:260\u2013265. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpt.12375","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpt.12375"},{"key":"2903_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hermetz BJ, Lambert M, Stephens R (2012) Cardiovascular failure, inotropes and vasopressors. Br J Hosp Med 73:74\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12968\/hmed.2012.73.sup5.c74","DOI":"10.12968\/hmed.2012.73.sup5.c74"},{"key":"2903_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1984.01390230104026","volume":"119","author":"GJ Becker","year":"1984","unstructured":"Becker GJ, Strauch GO, Saranchak HJ (1984) Outcomes and costs of prolonged stay ICU patients. Arch Surg 119:1338\u20131342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archsurg.1984.01390230104026","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"2903_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Low PA, Gilden JL, Freeman R et al (1997) Efficacy of midodrine vs. placebo in neurogenic orthostatic hypotension: a randomized, double-blind multicenter study. Midodrine Study Group. [published correction appears in JAMA. 1997 August 6;278(5):388]. JAMA 277(13):1046\u20131051","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.277.13.1046"},{"key":"2903_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Levine AR, Meyer MJ, Bittner EA et al (2013) Oral midodrine treatment accelerates the liberation of intensive care unit patients from intravenous vasopressor infusions. J Crit Care 28:756\u2013762. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrc.2013.05.021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2013.05.021"},{"key":"2903_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.02.657","volume":"149","author":"MR Whitson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Whitson MR, Mo E, Nabi T et al (2016) Feasibility, utility, and safety of midodrine during recovery phase from septic shock. Chest 149:1380\u20131383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2016.02.657","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2903_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Doig GS, Simpson F (2005) Randomization and allocation concealment: a practical guide for researchers. J Crit Care 20:187\u2013191. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrc.2005.04.005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2005.04.005"},{"key":"2903_CR12","unstructured":"PASS HJ (2011). Kaysville, UT: NCSS, LLC\u00a0[cited 2019 Apr 30]. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncss.com. Accessed 1 Jan 2022"},{"key":"2903_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hammond DA, Smith MN, Peksa GD et al (2019) Midodrine as an adjuvant to intravenous vasopressor agents in adults with resolving shock: systemic review and meta-analysis. J Intensive Care Med 35:1209\u20131215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0885066619843279","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066619843279"},{"key":"2903_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2013.02","volume":"16","author":"D Husereau","year":"2013","unstructured":"Husereau D, Drummond M, Petrou S et al (2013) ISPOR Health Economic Evaluation Publication Guidelines-CHEERS Good Reporting Practices Task Force. Consolidated health economic evaluation reporting standards (CHEERS)\u2014explanation and elaboration: a report of the ISPOR health economic evaluation publication guidelines good reporting practices task force. Value Health 16:231\u2013250. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jval.2013.02","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"2903_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"World Medical Association (2001) World medical association declaration of helsinki. Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Bull World Health Organ\u00a079:373\u2013374","DOI":"10.4414\/smf.2001.04031"},{"key":"2903_CR16","unstructured":"XE currency converter [cited 2020 Mar\u00a023 ]. Available from:\u00a0https:\/\/www.xe.com\/currencyconverter\/. Accessed 1 Jan 2022."},{"key":"2903_CR17","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [cited 2020 Jun 15]. Available from:\u00a0https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/sepsis\/clinicaltools\/index.html. Accessed 1 Jan 2022"},{"key":"2903_CR18","unstructured":"Worldometer. GMT [cited 2020 Mar 23]. Available from: https:\/\/www.worldometers.info\/worldpopulation\/Egyptpopulation\/.\u00a0 Accessed 1 Jan 2022."},{"key":"2903_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ccm.0000528219.66628.6d","volume":"46","author":"E Roach","year":"2018","unstructured":"Roach E, Adie S, Gowan M et al (2018) 200: Impact of oral midodrine on duration of intravenous vasopressor therapy. Crit Care Med 46:82. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.ccm.0000528219.66628.6d","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2903_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-017-4683-6","volume":"43","author":"A Rhodes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rhodes A, Evans LE, Alhazzani W et al (2017) Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock: 2016. Intensive Care Med 43:304\u2013377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00134-017-4683-6","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2903_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Santer P, Anstey MH, Patroc\u00ednio MD et al (2020) MIDAS Study Group; MIDAS Study Group. Effect of midodrine versus placebo on time to vasopressor discontinuation in patients with persistent hypotension in the intensive care unit (Midas): an international randomized clinical trial. Intensive Care Med 46:1884\u20131893. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00134-020-06216-x. Epub ahead of print. PMID :32885276","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-06216-x"},{"key":"2903_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zilberberg MD (2010) Understanding cost-effectiveness in the ICU.Semin Respir Crit Care Med.31:13\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0029-1246282","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1246282"},{"key":"2903_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Thungjaroenkul P, Kunaviktikul W (2006) Possibilities for cost containment in intensive care. Nurs Health Sci.8:237\u2013240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1442-2018.2006.00289.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2018.2006.00289.x"},{"key":"2903_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0b013e328323f9a8","volume":"22","author":"GM Pittoni","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pittoni GM, Scatto A (2009) Economics and outcome in the intensive care unit. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 22:232\u2013236. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ACO.0b013e328323f9a8","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"2903_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ccx.0000244117.08753.38","volume":"12","author":"JM Kahn","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kahn JM (2006) Understanding economic outcomes in critical care. Curr Opin Crit Care 12:399\u2013404. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.ccx.0000244117.08753.38","journal-title":"Curr Opin Crit Care"}],"container-title":["Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -)"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11845-021-02903-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11845-021-02903-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11845-021-02903-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T08:16:50Z","timestamp":1668673010000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11845-021-02903-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,3]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2903"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11845-021-02903-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-1265","1863-4362"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-1265","type":"print"},{"value":"1863-4362","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 September 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 December 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 January 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This research protocol was revised and approved by the Research Ethics Committee for Experimental and Clinical Studies at Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt (REC-ASU number 169) and by the council of the Critical Care Medicine Department, Cairo University. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 03911817).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Informed consents were taken from patients or their relatives before participation.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not required as identifiable patient details were anonymized.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}