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Additionally, we examined any differences in serum YKL-40 levels between juvenile and adult SLE patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included 78 female patients with SLE and 42 controls. The level of YKL-40 in serum was measured by ELISA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The serum YKL-40 level in SLE patients was significantly higher compared to the control group (9 (3) ng\/mL vs. 5.5 (0.1) ng\/mL;<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). YKL-40 showed excellent diagnostic utility with an AUC of 1 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and a cutoff point of 5.6, providing sensitivity and specificity of 100%. YKL-40 was higher in adolescents and those with a positive family history of SLE (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01 for both) and positively correlated with disease duration (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.45,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). YKL-40 level was significantly higher in patients with photosensitivity, fever, vasculitis, blood disorders, positive anti-dsDNA, and APL ab (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 for all). Conversely, patients with skin manifestations had a significantly lower YKL-40 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004). In juvenile SLE, the AUC was 0.65 and a<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-value of 0.01, and at a cutoff value of (8.7) ng\/mL, the sensitivity and specificity were 72% and 60%, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>YKL-40 in serum could be a promising biomarker in patients with SLE, especially in adolescent-onset cases. It is independently influenced by disease duration, anemia, thrombocytopenia, positive anti-dsDNA, and APL ab features.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-023-03545-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T05:02:05Z","timestamp":1698123725000},"page":"1403-1409","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["YKL-40 in serum: a promising biomarker of juvenile SLE and strongly correlated with disease duration"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"193","author":[{"given":"Asmaa A.","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1694-4968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rasha N.","family":"Yousef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mai S.","family":"Elsheikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abeer R.","family":"Salamah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang L.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alshaimaa R.","family":"Alnaggar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noha M.","family":"Khalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mervat E.","family":"Behiry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"3545_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3731","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.67587","volume":"18","author":"K Tizaoui","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tizaoui K, Yang JW, Lee KH et al (2022) The role of YKL-40 in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases: a comprehensive review. 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