{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:55:03Z","timestamp":1786982103657,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756425600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012921","name":"Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012921","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ir J Med Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oesophageal reconstruction is a complex operation that continues to present a surgical challenge associated with significant morbidity and its associated sequelae. The conventional gastric conduit remains the gold standard reconstructive technique when available. Alternative conduits for oesophageal replacement become necessary when the stomach is unavailable with common options for conduit creation being the jejunum and the colon.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this systematic review and network meta-analysis was to interrogate outcomes in oesophageal reconstruction with gastric pull-up, colonic interposition and jejunal flap.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review of three electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE and SCOPUS) was undertaken. An NMA as per the PRISMA-NMA guidelines. Statistical analysis was carried out using R and Shiny.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a total of 19 studies, 3927 patients were included; 79.5% (3123\/3927) of patients underwent gastric pull-up; 13.5% (531\/3927) of patients underwent colonic interposition; 7% (273\/3927) of patients underwent jejunal flap as their reconstructive method. At NMA, there was no significant difference in anastomotic leak rates, mortality rates, stricture formation, necrosis and length of stay between the three reconstructive techniques. Trend results showed jejunal flap performed better than colonic interposition in length of stay and mortality rates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At present, the gastric conduit is the conventional and first choice for oesophageal reconstruction ab initio after oesophagostomy. Colonic interposition and jejunal free flap represent viable options and are associated with non-inferior short-term surgical outcomes when gastric pull-up is not available or feasible.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-025-04073-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T09:10:25Z","timestamp":1756458625000},"page":"1985-1995","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Different types of oesophageal reconstructions in the contemporary era: a systematic review and network meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"194","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2117-4084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muireann","family":"Keating","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew G.","family":"Davey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eamon","family":"Franics","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noel E.","family":"Donlon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"4073_CR1","unstructured":"Baldwin DL, Gonzalez SR, Anand S (2025) Esophageal reconstruction. In StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. Available from https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK564336\/"},{"key":"4073_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.14745","volume":"14","author":"C Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu C, Ma Y, Qin Q et al (2022) Epidemiology of esophageal cancer in 2020 and projections to 2030 and 2040. Thorac Cancer 14:3\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1759-7714.14745","journal-title":"Thorac Cancer"},{"key":"4073_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000492299","volume":"83","author":"PJ Bradley","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bradley PJ (2019) Epidemiology of hypopharyngeal cancer. Adv Otorhinolaryngol 83:1\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000492299","journal-title":"Adv Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"4073_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1080\/08998280.2003.11927914","volume":"16","author":"AN Patel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Patel AN, Preskitt JT, Kuhn JA et al (2003) Surgical management of esophageal carcinoma. Proc Bayl Univ Med Cent 16:280\u2013284","journal-title":"Proc Bayl Univ Med Cent"},{"key":"4073_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S253","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.04.16","volume":"6","author":"XB D\u2019Journo","year":"2014","unstructured":"D\u2019Journo XB, Thomas PA (2014) Current management of esophageal cancer. J Thorac Dis 6:S253\u2013S264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3978\/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.04.16","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"4073_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1255339","volume":"24","author":"KF Kim Evans","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kim Evans KF, Mardini S, Salgado CJ, Chen H-C (2010) Esophagus and hypopharyngeal reconstruction. Semin Plast Surg 24:219\u2013226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0030-1255339","journal-title":"Semin Plast Surg"},{"key":"4073_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199001000-00004","volume":"85","author":"MA Schusterman","year":"1990","unstructured":"Schusterman MA, Shestak K, de Vries EJ et al (1990) Reconstruction of the cervical esophagus: free jejunal transfer versus gastric pull-up. Plast Reconstr Surg 85:16\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00006534-199001000-00004","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"4073_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-200002000-00004","volume":"231","author":"H F\u00fcrst","year":"2000","unstructured":"F\u00fcrst H, Hartl WH, L\u00f6he F, Schildberg FW (2000) Colon interposition for esophageal replacement. Ann Surg 231:173\u2013178","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"4073_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1750","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e31817dfd15","volume":"118","author":"A Agrawal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Agrawal A, Husein OF, Schuller DE (2008) Esophageal reconstruction with larynx preservation using forearm-free flap. Laryngoscope 118:1750\u20131752. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MLG.0b013e31817dfd15","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"4073_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000191179.58054.80","volume":"116","author":"P Yu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yu P, Robb GL (2005) Pharyngoesophageal reconstruction with the anterolateral thigh flap: a clinical and functional outcomes study. Plast Reconstr Surg 116:1845\u20131855. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.prs.0000191179.58054.80","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"4073_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.21037\/acs.2017.03.07","volume":"6","author":"A Bakshi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bakshi A, Sugarbaker DJ, Burt BM (2017) Alternative conduits for esophageal replacement. Ann Cardiothorac Surg 6:137\u2013143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/acs.2017.03.07","journal-title":"Ann Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"4073_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.4240\/wjgs.v15.i5.799","volume":"15","author":"R Kalayarasan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kalayarasan R, Durgesh S (2023) Changing trends in the minimally invasive surgery for corrosive esophagogastric stricture. World J Gastrointest Surg 15:799\u2013811. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4240\/wjgs.v15.i5.799","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Surg"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"4073_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S333","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.05.07","volume":"6","author":"P Gaur","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gaur P, Blackmon SH (2014) Jejunal graft conduits after esophagectomy. J Thorac Dis 6(Suppl 3):S333-340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3978\/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.05.07","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"4073_CR14","unstructured":"Isoperistaltic left colic graft interposition via a retrosternal approach for esophageal reconstruction in patients with a caustic stricture: mortality, morbidity, and functional results - PubMed. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24150095\/. Accessed 6 May 2024"},{"key":"4073_CR15","unstructured":"Roux C (1907) L\u2019oesophago-jejuno-gastrostomose Nouvelle op\u00e9ration pour r\u00e9tr\u00e9cissement infranchissable de l\u2019oesophage. Semaine M\u00e9dicale, 27, 34\u201340. - References - Scientific Research Publishing. https:\/\/www.scirp.org\/reference\/referencespapers?referenceid=2107484. Accessed 6 May 2024"},{"key":"4073_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Balduzzi S, R\u00fccker G, Nikolakopoulou A et al (2023) netmeta: an R Package for network meta-analysis using frequentist methods. J Stat Softw 106:1\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18637\/jss.v106.i02","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v106.i02"},{"key":"4073_CR17","unstructured":"Chang W, Cheng J, Allaire J, Xie Y, McPherson J (2017) Shiny: web application framework for R. R package version 1(5)"},{"key":"4073_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-5-13","volume":"5","author":"SP Hozo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hozo SP, Djulbegovic B, Hozo I (2005) Estimating the mean and variance from the median, range, and the size of a sample. BMC Med Res Methodol 5:13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2288-5-13","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"4073_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wan X, Wang W, Liu J, Tong T (2014) Estimating the sample mean and standard deviation from the sample size, median, range and\/or interquartile range. BMC Medical Research Methodology 14(1):135. - Google Search. https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=Wan+X%2C+Wang+W%2C+Liu+J%2C+Tong+T.+Estimating+the+sample+mean+and+standard+deviation+from+the+sample+size%2C+median%2C+range+and%2For+interquartile+range.+BMC+Medical+Research+Methodology.+2014%3B14(1)%3A135.&rlz=1C5CHFA_enIE1106&oq=Wan+X%2C+Wang+W%2C+Liu+J%2C+Tong+T.+Estimating+the+sample+mean+and+standard+deviation+from+the+sample+size%2C+median%2C+range+and%2For+interquartile+range.+BMC+Medical+Research+Methodology.+2014%3B14(1)%3A135.&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUyBggAEEUYOdIBCDEyNTJqMGo0qAIAsAIB&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8. Accessed 21 Apr 2024","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-135"},{"key":"4073_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003082","volume":"17","author":"A Nikolakopoulou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nikolakopoulou A, Higgins JPT, Papakonstantinou T et al (2020) CINeMA: an approach for assessing confidence in the results of a network meta-analysis. PLoS Med 17:e1003082. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003082","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"4073_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2003.11.026","volume":"198","author":"JW Briel","year":"2004","unstructured":"Briel JW, Tamhankar AP, Hagen JA et al (2004) Prevalence and risk factors for ischemia, leak, and stricture of esophageal anastomosis: gastric pull-up versus colon interposition1. J Am Coll Surg 198:536\u2013541. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2003.11.026","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"4073_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-199211000-00005","volume":"29","author":"GW Carlson","year":"1992","unstructured":"Carlson GW, Schusterman MA, Guillamondegui OM (1992) Total reconstruction of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus: a 20-year experience. Ann Plast Surg 29:408\u2013412. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00000637-199211000-00005","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"4073_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.30304","volume":"39","author":"T-Y Chang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chang T-Y, Hsiao J-R, Lee W-T et al (2019) Esophageal reconstruction after oncological total laryngopharyngoesophagectomy: algorithmic approach. Microsurgery 39:6\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/micr.30304","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"key":"4073_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.20795","volume":"96","author":"H Daiko","year":"2007","unstructured":"Daiko H, Hayashi R, Saikawa M et al (2007) Surgical management of carcinoma of the cervical esophagus. J Surg Oncol 96:166\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jso.20795","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"4073_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Davis PA, Law S (1960) Wong J (2003) Colonic interposition after esophagectomy for cancer. Arch Surg Chic Ill 138:303\u2013308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archsurg.138.3.303","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.138.3.303"},{"key":"4073_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1442-2050.2001.00180.x","volume":"14","author":"SR DeMeester","year":"2001","unstructured":"DeMeester SR (2001) Colon interposition following esophagectomy. Dis Esophagus Off J Int Soc Dis Esophagus 14:169\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1442-2050.2001.00180.x","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus Off J Int Soc Dis Esophagus"},{"key":"4073_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2007.00738.x","volume":"21","author":"Y Doki","year":"2008","unstructured":"Doki Y, Okada K, Miyata H et al (2008) Long-term and short-term evaluation of esophageal reconstruction using the colon or the jejunum in esophageal cancer patients after gastrectomy. Dis Esophagus Off J Int Soc Dis Esophagus 21:132\u2013138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2007.00738.x","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus Off J Int Soc Dis Esophagus"},{"key":"4073_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3045","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-014-3306-x","volume":"272","author":"AE Elfeky","year":"2015","unstructured":"Elfeky AE, Nasr WF, Khazbak A et al (2015) Hypopharyngeal reconstruction: a comparison of three alternatives. Eur Arch Oto-Rhino-Laryngol Off J Eur Fed Oto-Rhino-Laryngol Soc EUFOS Affil Ger Soc Oto-Rhino-Laryngol - Head Neck Surg 272:3045\u20133050. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00405-014-3306-x","journal-title":"Eur Arch Oto-Rhino-Laryngol Off J Eur Fed Oto-Rhino-Laryngol Soc EUFOS Affil Ger Soc Oto-Rhino-Laryngol - Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"4073_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2007.00781.x","volume":"21","author":"Z Ferahkose","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ferahkose Z, Bedirli A, Kerem M et al (2008) Comparison of free jejunal graft with gastric pull-up reconstruction after resection of hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal carcinoma. Dis Esophagus 21:340\u2013345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2007.00781.x","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"key":"4073_CR30","unstructured":"Techniques and results of esophageal cancer surgery in Germany - PubMed. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/12172856\/. Accessed 7 May 2024"},{"key":"4073_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1007\/s10388-020-00742-9","volume":"17","author":"T Iizuka","year":"2020","unstructured":"Iizuka T, Suzuki Y, Kikuchi D et al (2020) Columnar epithelium morphology after esophagectomy: clinical insight into the development of Barrett\u2019s esophagus. Esophagus Off J Jpn Esophageal Soc 17:392\u2013398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10388-020-00742-9","journal-title":"Esophagus Off J Jpn Esophageal Soc"},{"key":"4073_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-023-02072-w","volume":"23","author":"R Jiang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jiang R, Wang Y, Xu J et al (2023) Reconstruction using the colon or jejunum in patients with synchronous advanced esophageal and gastric cancers: a retrospective study from a single institutional database. BMC Surg 23:175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12893-023-02072-w","journal-title":"BMC Surg"},{"key":"4073_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/s1010-7940(00)00524-8","volume":"18","author":"P Kolh","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kolh P, Honore P, Degauque C et al (2000) Early stage results after oesophageal resection for malignancy - colon interposition vs. gastric pull-up. Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg Off J Eur Assoc Cardio-Thorac Surg 18:293\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1010-7940(00)00524-8","journal-title":"Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg Off J Eur Assoc Cardio-Thorac Surg"},{"key":"4073_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S274","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000001471","volume":"80","author":"A Luan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Luan A, Hunter CL, Crowe CS, Lee GK (2018) Comparison of outcomes of total esophageal reconstruction with supercharged jejunal flap, colonic interposition, and gastric pull-up. Ann Plast Surg 80:S274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SAP.0000000000001471","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"4073_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2015.03.040","volume":"100","author":"EH Stephens","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stephens EH, Gaur P, Hotze KO et al (2015) Super-charged pedicled jejunal interposition performance compares favorably with a gastric conduit after esophagectomy. Ann Thorac Surg 100:407\u2013413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2015.03.040","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"4073_CR36","first-page":"2771","volume":"7","author":"F Sun","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sun F, Li X, Lei D et al (2014) Surgical management of cervical esophageal carcinoma with larynx preservation and reconstruction. Int J Clin Exp Med 7:2771\u20132778","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Med"},{"key":"4073_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Triboulet JP, Mariette C, Chevalier D, Amrouni H (2001) Surgical management of carcinoma of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus: analysis of 209 cases. Arch Surg Chic Ill 1960 136:1164\u20131170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archsurg.136.10.1164","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.136.10.1164"},{"key":"4073_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181deb4b7","volume":"251","author":"M van Heijl","year":"2010","unstructured":"van Heijl M, Gooszen JA, Fockens P et al (2010) Risk factors for development of benign cervical strictures after esophagectomy. Ann Surg 251:1064\u20131069. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181deb4b7","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"4073_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.083","volume":"75","author":"JFC Woods","year":"2022","unstructured":"Woods JFC, Woods RSR, Lennon P et al (2022) Analysis of outcomes of pharyngo-laryngo-esophagectomy and reconstruction with longitudinal comparison in a single institution. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 75:1567\u20131572. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.083","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"key":"4073_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000001098","volume":"262","author":"DE Low","year":"2015","unstructured":"Low DE, Alderson D, Cecconello I et al (2015) International consensus on standardization of data collection for complications associated with esophagectomy: Esophagectomy Complications Consensus Group (ECCG). Ann Surg 262:286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SLA.0000000000001098","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"4073_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.20453","volume":"93","author":"H Miyata","year":"2006","unstructured":"Miyata H, Yano M, Doki Y et al (2006) A prospective trial for avoiding cervical lymph node dissection for thoracic esophageal cancers, based on intra-operative genetic diagnosis of micrometastasis in recurrent laryngeal nerve chain nodes. J Surg Oncol 93:477\u2013484. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jso.20453","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"4073_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thorsurg.2006.01.003","volume":"16","author":"JK Wormuth","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wormuth JK, Heitmiller RF (2006) Esophageal conduit necrosis. Thorac Surg Clin 16:11\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.thorsurg.2006.01.003","journal-title":"Thorac Surg Clin"},{"issue":"13","key":"4073_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4274","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-013-3189-x","volume":"20","author":"SR Markar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Markar SR, Arya S, Karthikesalingam A, Hanna GB (2013) Technical factors that affect anastomotic integrity following esophagectomy: systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Surg Oncol 20(13):4274\u20134281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1245\/s10434-013-3189-x","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"4073_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2021.1555","volume":"156","author":"F van Workum","year":"2021","unstructured":"van Workum F, Verstegen MHP, Klarenbeek BR et al (2021) Intrathoracic vs cervical anastomosis after totally or hybrid minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. JAMA Surg 156:601\u2013610. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamasurg.2021.1555","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"4073_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31818820f4","volume":"122","author":"H-C Chen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chen H-C, Rampazzo A, Gharb BB et al (2008) Motility differences in free colon and free jejunum flaps for reconstruction of the cervical esophagus. Plast Reconstr Surg 122:1410\u20131416. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31818820f4","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"4073_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181f95a36","volume":"127","author":"A Barzin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Barzin A, Norton JA, Whyte R, Lee GK (2011) Supercharged jejunum flap for total esophageal reconstruction: single-surgeon 3-year experience and outcomes analysis. Plast Reconstr Surg 127:173\u2013180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181f95a36","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"4073_CR47","first-page":"94","volume":"22","author":"WP Longmire","year":"1947","unstructured":"Longmire WP (1947) A modification of the Roux technique for antethoracic esophageal reconstruction. Surgery 22:94\u2013100","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"4073_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1007\/s002689900339","volume":"21","author":"H Fujita","year":"1997","unstructured":"Fujita H, Yamana H, Sueyoshi S et al (1997) Impact on outcome of additional microvascular anastomosis\u2013supercharge\u2013on colon interposition for esophageal replacement: comparative and multivariate analysis. World J Surg 21:998\u20131003. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s002689900339","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"4073_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2020.06.021","volume":"162","author":"FR Takeda","year":"2021","unstructured":"Takeda FR, Tutihashi R, Tustumi F et al (2021) Supercharged cervical anastomosis for esophagectomy and gastric pull-up. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 162:688-697.e3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2020.06.021","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"}],"container-title":["Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -)"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11845-025-04073-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11845-025-04073-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11845-025-04073-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T16:30:48Z","timestamp":1767630648000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11845-025-04073-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4073"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11845-025-04073-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-1265","1863-4362"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-1265","type":"print"},{"value":"1863-4362","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 August 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 August 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Institutional ethical review board approval was not required for this review.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}}]}}