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Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and cardiotrophin-1, two mediators involved in inflammation and metabolic stress, have been proposed as potential contributors to acne pathophysiology. This study aimed to compare serum IL-17 and cardiotrophin-1 levels between acne patients and healthy controls and to assess their relationship with disease severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, 57 acne patients and 57 healthy controls were enrolled. Serum IL-17 and cardiotrophin-1 levels were measured by ELISA. Acne severity was classified using the Global Acne Grading System. Lipid profiles and hematological parameters were also assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Serum IL-17 and cardiotrophin-1 levels were significantly higher in the acne group compared to controls (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Within the patient cohort, the severe acne subgroup had significantly higher levels of both cytokines than the mild acne subgroup. A positive correlation was found between IL-17 and cardiotrophin-1 (r\u2009=\u20090.549,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and both were correlated with acne severity (cardiotrophin-1: r\u2009=\u20090.735; IL-17: r\u2009=\u20090.453;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). ROC analysis demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for both biomarkers, with an AUC of 0.945 (95%CI:0.909\u20130.981) for cardiotrophin-1 and 0.904 (95%CI:0.852\u20130.956) for IL-17. Additionally, leukocyte, neutrophil, and platelet indices, as well as total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, were significantly elevated in patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The elevated levels of IL-17 and cardiotrophin-1 and their correlation with disease severity suggest their potential role as inflammatory biomarkers in acne. ROC analysis showed strong discrimination, but acne is clinically diagnosed; biomarkers require multicenter, longitudinal validation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-026-04287-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T06:14:41Z","timestamp":1771913681000},"page":"737-744","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Serum cardiotrophin-1 and interleukin-17 levels are elevated and correlate with disease severity in acne vulgaris"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"195","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7097-6266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatma","family":"Sengul-Bag","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8091-7737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fikret","family":"Akyurek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9339-8331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatma","family":"Tuncez-Akyurek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3106-4280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00fclcan","family":"Saylam-Kurtipek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"4287_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.2147\/ahmt.S55832","volume":"7","author":"DD Lynn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lynn DD, Umari T, Dunnick CA, Dellavalle RP (2016) The epidemiology of acne vulgaris in late adolescence. 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The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"The work described has not been published previously, that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, including electronically without the written consent of the copyright-holder.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interests"}}]}}