{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:23:01Z","timestamp":1792783381114,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775692800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Uskudar University","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02dzjmc73","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ir J Med Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-026-04364-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T02:56:45Z","timestamp":1775703405000},"page":"2117-2122","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Improving exercise adherence in ankylosing spondylitis through individualized education and follow-up: a pilot randomized trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"195","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9763-5912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duygu","family":"Kurtulus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oguz","family":"Gurler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"4364_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Braun J, Sieper J (2007) Ankylosing spondylitis. Lancet. ;369(9570):1379\u20131390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60635-7. PMID: 17448825","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60635-7"},{"key":"4364_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Taurog JD, Chhabra A, Colbert RA (2016) Ankylosing Spondylitis and Axial Spondyloarthritis. N Engl J Med. ;374(26):2563-74. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMra1406182. PMID: 27355535","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1406182"},{"issue":"1","key":"4364_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2022-223296","volume":"82","author":"S Ramiro","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ramiro S, Nikiphorou E, Sepriano A, Ortolan A, Webers C, Baraliakos X, Landew\u00e9 RBM, Van den Bosch FE, Boteva B, Bremander A, Carron P, Ciurea A, van Gaalen FA, G\u00e9her P, Gensler L, Hermann J, de Hooge M, Husakova M, Kiltz U, L\u00f3pez-Medina C, Machado PM, Marzo-Ortega H, Molto A, Navarro-Comp\u00e1n V, Nissen MJ, Pimentel-Santos FM, Poddubnyy D, Proft F, Rudwaleit M, Telkman M, Zhao SS, Ziade N, van der Heijde D (2023) ASAS-EULAR recommendations for the management of axial spondyloarthritis: 2022 update. Ann Rheum Dis 82(1):19\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard-2022-223296Epub 2022 Oct 21. PMID: 36270658","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"4364_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Choufani M, Ermann J (2024) Updating the 2019 ACR\/SAA\/SPARTAN Recommendations for the Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis and Nonradiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis (SPARTAN 2024 Annual Meeting Proceedings). Curr Rheumatol Rep. ;27(1):8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11926-024-01170-9. PMID: 39680252","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-024-01170-9"},{"issue":"1","key":"4364_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD002822","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002822.pub3","volume":"2008","author":"H Dagfinrud","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dagfinrud H, Kvien TK, Hagen KB (2008) Physiotherapy interventions for ankylosing spondylitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008(1):CD002822. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD002822.pub3PMID: 18254008; PMCID: PMC8453259","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"4364_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1002\/msc.1088","volume":"13","author":"C Fongen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fongen C, Sveaas SH, Dagfinrud H (2015) Barriers and Facilitators for Being Physically Active in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Cross-sectional Comparative Study. Musculoskelet Care 13(2):76\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/msc.1088Epub 2014 Nov 5. PMID: 25370164","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"4364_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.57.3.146","volume":"57","author":"HL Brus","year":"1998","unstructured":"Brus HL, van de Laar MA, Taal E, Rasker JJ, Wiegman O (1998) Effects of patient education on compliance with basic treatment regimens and health in recent onset active rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 57(3):146\u2013151. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard.57.3.146PMID: 9640129; PMCID: PMC1752549","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"4364_CR8","first-page":"1694","volume":"21","author":"TR Jenkinson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Jenkinson TR, Mallorie PA, Whitelock HC, Kennedy LG, Garrett SL, Calin A (1994) Defining spinal mobility in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The Bath AS Metrology Index. J Rheumatol 21(9):1694\u20131698 PMID: 7799351","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"4364_CR9","first-page":"2281","volume":"21","author":"A Calin","year":"1994","unstructured":"Calin A, Garrett S, Whitelock H, Kennedy LG, O\u2019Hea J, Mallorie P, Jenkinson T (1994) A new approach to defining functional ability in ankylosing spondylitis: the development of the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index. J Rheumatol 21(12):2281\u20132285 PMID: 7699629","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"4364_CR10","unstructured":"Dougados M, Gueguen A, Nakache JP, Nguyen M, Amor B (1990) Evaluation of a functional index for patients with ankylosing spondylitis. J Rheumatol. ;17(9):1254-5. PMID: 2290177"},{"issue":"12","key":"4364_CR11","first-page":"2286","volume":"21","author":"S Garrett","year":"1994","unstructured":"Garrett S, Jenkinson T, Kennedy LG, Whitelock H, Gaisford P, Calin A (1994) A new approach to defining disease status in ankylosing spondylitis: the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index. J Rheumatol 21(12):2286\u20132291 PMID: 7699630","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"4364_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Huskisson EC (1974) Measurement of pain. Lancet. ;2(7889):1127-31. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(74)90884-8. PMID: 4139420","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(74)90884-8"},{"key":"4364_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-018-4225-8","volume":"39","author":"MT McDonald","year":"2019","unstructured":"McDonald MT, Siebert S, Coulter EH et al (2019) Level of adherence to prescribed exercise in spondyloarthritis and factors affecting this adherence: a systematic review. Rheumatol Int 39:187\u2013201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00296-018-4225-8","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"4364_CR14","first-page":"247","volume":"3","author":"N Pina Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pina Gon\u00e7alves N, Em\u00edlia Santos M, Silv\u00e9rio-Ant\u00f3nio M, Donato H, Pimentel-Santos FM, Cruz E (2023) The effects of physical exercise on axial spondyloarthritis: a systematic review. ARP Rheumatol 3:247\u2013264","journal-title":"ARP Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4364_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015","volume":"99","author":"V P\u00e9courneau","year":"2018","unstructured":"P\u00e9courneau V, Degbo\u00e9 Y, Barnetche T, Cantagrel A, Constantin A, Ruyssen-Witrand A (2018) Effectiveness of Exercise Programs in Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 99(2):383\u2013389e1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015Epub 2017 Aug 30. PMID: 28860095","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"4364_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e001512","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2020-001512","volume":"7","author":"NMT Roodenrijs","year":"2021","unstructured":"Roodenrijs NMT, Hamar A, Kedves M, Nagy G, van Laar JM, van der Heijde D, Welsing PMJ (2021) Pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapeutic strategies in difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic literature review informing the EULAR recommendations for the management of difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis. RMD Open 7(1):e001512. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2020-001512PMID: 33419871; PMCID: PMC7798678","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"4364_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70109","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.70109","volume":"28","author":"AZY Lee","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lee AZY, Woon TH, Wang CTM, Kwan YH, Fong W (2025) Facilitators and Barriers to Physical Activity for Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Axial Spondyloarthritis. Int J Rheum Dis 28(2):e70109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1756-185X.70109PMID: 39895470; PMCID: PMC11788881","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"4364_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2012.09.007","volume":"42","author":"S Brophy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Brophy S, Cooksey R, Davies H, Dennis MS, Zhou SM, Siebert S (2013) The effect of physical activity and motivation on function in ankylosing spondylitis: a cohort study. Semin Arthritis Rheum 42(6):619\u2013626. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2012.09.007Epub 2013 Jan 23. PMID: 23351615; PMCID: PMC3685805","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"6","key":"4364_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-207171","volume":"75","author":"M Ndosi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ndosi M, Johnson D, Young T, Hardware B, Hill J, Hale C, Maxwell J, Roussou E, Adebajo A (2016) Effects of needs-based patient education on self-efficacy and health outcomes in people with rheumatoid arthritis: a multicentre, single blind, randomised controlled trial. Ann Rheum Dis 75(6):1126\u20131132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-207171Epub 2015 Jul 10. PMID: 26162769; PMCID: PMC4893097","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"4364_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-017-1689-8","volume":"18","author":"E Haglund","year":"2017","unstructured":"Haglund E, Bremander A, Bergman S et al (2017) Educational needs in patients with spondyloarthritis in Sweden \u2013 a mixed-methods study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 18:335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-017-1689-8","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"4364_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848427","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.848427","volume":"13","author":"Z Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu Z, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Zhou R, Ye X, Chen Z, Li C, Li J, Ye Z, Wang Z, Liu W, Xu X (2022) The Effects of Patient Education on Psychological Status and Clinical Outcomes in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Psychiatry 13:848427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.848427PMID: 35370836; PMCID: PMC8968629","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"4364_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Prochaska JO, Velicer WF (1997) Sep-Oct;12(1):38\u201348 The transtheoretical model of health behavior change. Am J Health Promot. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4278\/0890-1171-12.1.38. PMID: 10170434","DOI":"10.4278\/0890-1171-12.1.38"},{"key":"4364_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rhodes RE, de Bruijn GJ (2013) What predicts intention-behavior discordance? A review of the action control framework. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. ;41(4):201-7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JES.0b013e3182a4e6ed. PMID: 23873134","DOI":"10.1097\/JES.0b013e3182a4e6"},{"key":"4364_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/17.4.451","volume":"17","author":"C Woods","year":"2002","unstructured":"Woods C, Mutrie N, Scott EM (2002) Physical activity intervention: a Transtheoretical Model-based intervention designed to help sedentary young adults become active. Health Educ Res 17:451\u2013460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/her\/17.4.451","journal-title":"Health Educ Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"4364_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-020-02222-y","volume":"22","author":"L Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang L, Chen H, Lu H, Wang Y, Liu C, Dong X, Chen J, Liu N, Yu F, Wan Q, Shang S (2020) The effect of transtheoretical model-lead intervention for knee osteoarthritis in older adults: a cluster randomized trial. Arthritis Res therapy 22(1):134","journal-title":"Arthritis Res therapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"4364_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.14520","volume":"23","author":"Q Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li Q, Cai W, Li Y, Zhang R, Zeng C, Ma X, Barka CK, Zhang C, Sun T, Xie H (2023) Effects of a theory-based exercise intervention on physical activity levels and health\u2010related outcomes in older people with chronic diseases. Geriatr Gerontol Int 23(2):78\u201384","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"key":"4364_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Julious SA (2004) Sample sizes for clinical trials with normal data. Stat Med. ;23(12):1921-86. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/sim.1783. PMID: 15195324","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1783"},{"issue":"4","key":"4364_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.4078\/jrd.2023.0041","volume":"30","author":"SH Kim","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kim SH, Lee SH (2023) Updates on ankylosing spondylitis: pathogenesis and therapeutic agents. J Rheum Dis 30(4):220\u2013233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4078\/jrd.2023.0041Epub 2023 Sep 6. PMID: 37736590; PMCID: PMC10509639","journal-title":"J Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl 10","key":"4364_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24211","volume":"72","author":"EL Healey","year":"2020","unstructured":"Healey EL, Allen KD, Bennell K, Bowden JL, Quicke JG, Smith R (2020) Self-Report Measures of Physical Activity. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 72(Suppl 10):717\u2013730. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr.24211PMID: 33091242; PMCID: PMC7586463","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"5","key":"4364_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2016.10.012","volume":"30","author":"H van Middendorp","year":"2016","unstructured":"van Middendorp H, Evers AW (2016) The role of psychological factors in inflammatory rheumatic diseases: from burden to tailored treatment. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 30(5):932\u2013945. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.berh.2016.10.012","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"}],"container-title":["Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -)"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11845-026-04364-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11845-026-04364-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11845-026-04364-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T02:12:17Z","timestamp":1789783937000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11845-026-04364-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["4364"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11845-026-04364-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-1265","1863-4362"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-1265","type":"print"},{"value":"1863-4362","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the \u00dcmraniye Training and Research Hospital Ethics Committee (Approval No: E-54022451-050.05.04-58502). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrollment.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All participants provided written informed consent for participation and for the publication of anonymized data.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing financial or non-financial interests related to this work.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}