{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T03:01:34Z","timestamp":1789786894394,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Health Sciences"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ir J Med Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a modifiable risk factor both for atrial fibrillation (AF) and for the development of cerebrovascular-events in patients with AF. The aim of our study was to determine the effect of cryoballoon ablation (CBA) treatment on long-term atrial-tachyarrhythmia recurrence and adverse cardiovascular (CV) events in paroxysmal AF patients with T2DM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective-observational-cohort study included 748-patients (406-male,342-female,59.4\u2009\u00b1\u200911.8years) who underwent CBA with a diagnosis of paroxysmal AF between 2013\u22122023. The primary endpoint was atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence (After-CBA\u22653months) and the secondary endpoint was development of CV-events (CV mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular-events). All patients were followed up for at least 24 months for atrial-tachyarrhythmia recurrence and CV event development.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The prevalence of T2DM was 26% in patients who underwent CBA. Atrial-tachyarrhythmia recurrence and CV events were more frequent in the T2DM group (24%vs15%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004 and 33%vs9%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.045, respectively). Systolic-diastolic blood pressure, female gender, frequency of T2DM and anti-diabetic drug use, and left atrial diameter (LAd) values were higher in patients with atrial-tachyarrhythmia recurrence (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The presence of LAd and T2DM were shown to independently predict the development of atrial-tachyarrhythmia recurrence (OR\u2009=\u20091.235,95%CI-1.169-1.305,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001andOR\u2009=\u20091.843,95%CI-1.116-3.406,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.030). Male-gender and presence of T2DM, CHA\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      DS\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      -VA score and uric-acid were shown to independently predict CV events (OR\u2009=\u20091.906,95%CI1.102-3.299,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.021,OR\u2009=\u20092.148,95%CI-1.073-4.303,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.013,OR\u2009=\u20091.613,95%CI-1.346-1.932,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001andOR\u2009=\u20091.322,95%CI-1.125-1.554,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The presence of T2DM is an important, independent and modifiable risk factor for both atrial-tachyarrhythmia recurrence and adverse CV events in patients treated with CBA for AF. It was concluded that comprehensive management of T2DM is necessary to improve long-term outcomes of CBA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-026-04380-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T02:30:03Z","timestamp":1775874603000},"page":"1911-1922","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Atrial fibrillation ablation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: long-term follow-up study for atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence and adverse cardiovascular events"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"195","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6352-4651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mustafa L\u00fctfullah","family":"Ard\u0131\u00e7","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5232-8466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdullah Eren","family":"Cetin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4435-9735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hasan Burak","family":"Ozdemir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0444-674X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fadime","family":"Koca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7192-0280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hilmi Erdem","family":"Sumbul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3000-4200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mevlut","family":"Koc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"4380_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euae043","volume":"26","author":"S Tzeis","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tzeis S, Gerstenfeld EP, Kalman J, Saad EB, Sepehri Shamloo A, Andrade JG, Barbhaiya CR, Baykaner T, Boveda S, Calkins H, Chan NY, Chen M, Chen SA, Dagres N, Damiano RJ, De Potter T, Deisenhofer I, Derval N, Di Biase L, Duytschaever M, Dyrda K, Hindricks G, Hocini M, Kim YH, la Meir M, Merino JL, Michaud GF, Natale A, Nault I, Nava S, Nitta T, O\u2019Neill M, Pak HN, Piccini JP, P\u00fcrerfellner H, Reichlin T, Saenz LC, Sanders P, Schilling R, Schmidt B, Supple GE, Thomas KL, Tondo C, Verma A, Wan EY, Steven D, Agbayani MJ, Jared Bunch T, Chugh A, D\u00edaz JC, Freeman JV, Hardy CA, Heidbuchel H, Johar S, Linz D, Maesen B, Noseworthy PA, Oh S, Porta-Sanchez A, Potpara T, Rodriguez-Diez G, Sacher F, Suwalski P, Trines SA (2024) 2024 European Heart Rhythm Association\/Heart Rhythm Society\/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society\/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation. 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All patients included in the study were informed about the study and signed an informed consent form. The study was conducted in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not Applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Clinical trial number","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}