{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T20:33:12Z","timestamp":1793910792889,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778025600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Istanbul University","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03a5qrr21","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ir J Med Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Epilepsy is frequently accompanied by psychiatric comorbidities, whereas functional gastrointestinal disorders are often overlooked. This study investigated the prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in adult patients with epilepsy (PWE) and their associations with psychological symptoms, chronotype, and seizure characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this cross-sectional case\u2013control study, 100 adult PWE and 100 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were evaluated. Functional gastrointestinal disorders were assessed using Rome IV criteria and stool form with the Bristol Stool Form Scale. Depression and anxiety were measured with the Beck inventories, and chronotype with the Morningness\u2013Eveningness Questionnaire. Clinical epilepsy variables and antiseizure medication profiles were recorded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Functional gastrointestinal disorders were significantly more prevalent in PWE than in HCs. Irritable bowel syndrome and functional constipation occurred more frequently in the PWE, and constipation-predominant stool patterns were markedly increased. Patients with epilepsy showed higher rates of moderate-to-severe depression and anxiety and a predominance of intermediate chronotype. Within the PWE, functional gastrointestinal disorders and constipation-predominant stool patterns were associated with higher psychological symptom burden, polytherapy, and ongoing seizures, but not with epilepsy subtype, electroencephalography, or magnetic resonance imaging findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adults with epilepsy exhibit a substantially increased burden of functional gastrointestinal disorders accompanied by elevated psychological symptoms and altered chronotype distribution. Gastrointestinal symptoms were largely unreported clinically, despite their association with greater disease complexity. Systematic screening for functional gastrointestinal disorders, mood symptoms, and chronotype may facilitate a more comprehensive and integrated approach to epilepsy care. These findings underscore the need for multidisciplinary assessment in practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-026-04396-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T06:33:37Z","timestamp":1778049217000},"page":"2745-2752","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Functional gastrointestinal disorders in adults with epilepsy: associations with psychological symptoms, chronotype, and seizure burden"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"195","author":[{"given":"Gizem Nur","family":"Solak Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ferda","family":"Ilgen Uslu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"4396_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13766","volume":"58","author":"AT Berg","year":"2017","unstructured":"Berg AT, Altalib HH, Devinsky O (2017) Psychiatric and behavioral comorbidities in epilepsy: A critical reappraisal. 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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Informed consent","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}