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Options in Oncol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Opinion statement<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) are a heterogeneous group of tumours derived from cells of neuroendocrine origin and can potentially arise everywhere in the human body. The diagnostic assessment of NEN can be performed using a variety of PET radiopharmaceuticals. Well-differentiated NEN (NET) present a high expression of SSTR (somatostatin receptors) and can therefore be studied with 68Ga-DOTA-peptides ([68Ga]Ga-DOTANOC, [68Ga]Ga-DOTATOC, [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE). Current guidelines recommend the use of SSTR imaging to assess disease extension at staging\/restaging, follow-up, assessment of response to therapy and selection of patients who may benefit from radionuclide therapy (PRRT). [18F]F-FDG is used for the assessment of high-grade tumours (high-grade G2, G3 and NEC) and in every case, there is one or more mismatched lesions between diagnostic CT (positive) and SSTR-PET\/CT (negative). [18F]F-DOPA is currently used for the assessment of medullary thyroid carcinoma, neuroblastoma, primary pheochromocytoma and abdominal paraganglioma. In recent years, however, several new tracers were designed exploiting the many potential targets of the neuroendocrine cell and were employed in clinical trials for both imaging and therapy. Currently, the real-life clinical impact of these tracers is still mostly not known; however, the favourable biodistribution (e.g. [68Ga]Ga-FAPI, SSTR antagonists) and the possibility to use new theranostic pairs may provide novel diagnostic as well as therapeutic options (e.g. [68Ga]Ga-PSMA, [64Cu]Cu-SARTATE, [68Ga]Ga-CXCR4) for NEN patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11864-022-00967-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,25]],"date-time":"2022-03-25T10:34:41Z","timestamp":1648204481000},"page":"703-720","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["New PET Radiotracers for the Imaging of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5454-9603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilia","family":"Fortunati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Argalia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Zanoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Fanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Ambrosini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"967_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2020.03.304","volume":"31","author":"M Pavel","year":"2020","unstructured":"\u2022 Pavel M, \u00d6berg K, Falconi M, et al. 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A retrospective analysis, which enrolled patients with G3 NEN, demonstrated that PRRT achieved clinically relevant disease control with acceptable toxicity.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-017-3821-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"967_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.118.215848","volume":"60","author":"J Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Zhang J, Kulkarni HR, Singh A, Niepsch K, M\u00fcller D, Baum RP. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in grade 3 neuroendocrine neoplasms: safety and survival analysis in 69 patients. 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VA reports personal fees from EANM, ESMIT, AAA and ESMO and participation in ENETS Advisory Board, EANM Oncology Theranostic Committee, ITANET Scientific Board and ESMO Faculty. LZ reports personal fees from Springer (book editor) and Messaggi International Publisher & Events (invited congress speaker \u2014 topic not related to the current manuscript) and support for attending meeting from Hellenic Society of Nuclear Medicine, GE and Radius. EF and GA declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}