{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,14]],"date-time":"2024-02-14T19:41:16Z","timestamp":1707939676074},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,1]],"date-time":"2004-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1099267200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,1]],"date-time":"2004-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1099267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Allergy Asthma Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-004-0014-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,2]],"date-time":"2007-06-02T22:16:28Z","timestamp":1180822588000},"page":"471-477","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Treatment options for acute sinusitis in children"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Despina G.","family":"Contopoulos-Ioannidis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John P. A.","family":"Ioannidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"14_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3096","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.23.3096","volume":"287","author":"LF McCaig","year":"2002","unstructured":"McCaig LF, Besser RE, Hughes JM: Trends in antimicrobial prescribing rates for children and adolescents. JAMA 2002, 287:3096\u20133102. An interesting article showing trends for antibiotic prescription. Sinusitis prescriptions have not decreased, unlike those of other upper respiratory tract indications.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"14_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.103.2.395","volume":"103","author":"H Bauchner","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bauchner H, Pelton SI, Klein JO: Parents, physicians, and antibiotic use. Pediatrics 1999, 103:395\u2013401.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"14_CR3","first-page":"407","volume":"49","author":"SA Dosh","year":"2000","unstructured":"Dosh SA, Hickner JM, Mainous AG 3rd, Ebell MH: Predictors of antibiotic prescribing for nonspecific upper respiratory infections, acute bronchitis, and acute sinusitis. An UPRNet study. Upper Peninsula Research Network. J Fam Pract 2000, 49:407\u2013414.","journal-title":"J Fam Pract"},{"key":"14_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/18.2.209","volume":"18","author":"AI De Sutter","year":"2001","unstructured":"De Sutter AI, De Meyere MJ, De Maeseneer JM, Peersman WP: Antibiotic prescribing in acute infections of the nose or sinuses: a matter of personal habit? Fam Pract 2001, 18:209\u2013213.","journal-title":"Fam Pract"},{"key":"14_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1086\/320888","volume":"33","author":"DG Contopoulos-Ioannidis","year":"2001","unstructured":"Contopoulos-Ioannidis DG, Koliofoti ID, Koutroumpa IC, et al.: Pathways for inappropriate dispensing of antibiotics for rhinosinusitis: a randomized trial. Clin Infect Dis 2001, 33:76\u201382.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"14_CR6","first-page":"1","volume":"130","author":"JB Anon","year":"2004","unstructured":"Anon JB, Jacobs MR, Poole MD, et al.: Antimicrobial treatment guidelines for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2004, 130(1 Suppl):1\u201345.","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"14_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1067\/mhn.2000.105996","volume":"123","author":"Sinus and Allergy Health Partnership","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sinus and Allergy Health Partnership: Antimicrobial treatment guidelines for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis: executive summary. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2000, 123:1\u20134.","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"14_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.2165\/00128072-200305020-00001","volume":"5","author":"DG Contopoulos-Ioannidis","year":"2003","unstructured":"Contopoulos-Ioannidis DG, Ioannidis JP, Lau J: Acute sinusitis in children: current treatment strategies. Paediatr Drugs 2003, 5:71\u201380.","journal-title":"Paediatr Drugs"},{"key":"14_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008883508462","volume":"8","author":"JM Garbutt","year":"1999","unstructured":"Garbutt JM, Gellman EF, Littenberg B: The development and validation of an instrument to assess acute sinus disease in children. Qual Life Res 1999, 8:225\u2013233.","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"14_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.77.6.795","volume":"77","author":"ER Wald","year":"1986","unstructured":"Wald ER, Chiponis D, Ledesma-Medina J: Comparative effectiveness of amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium in acute paranasal sinus infections in children: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Pediatrics 1986, 77:795\u2013800. The classic randomized trial showing effectiveness of antibiotics for children meeting specific criteria.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"14_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(00)00209-2","volume":"53","author":"EA Engels","year":"2000","unstructured":"Engels EA, Terrin N, Barza M, Lau J: Meta-analysis of diagnostic tests for acute sinusitis. J Clin Epidemiol 2000, 53:852\u2013862.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"14_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(99)00213-9","volume":"53","author":"H Varonen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Varonen H, Makela M, Savolainen S, et al.: Comparison of ultrasound, radiography, and clinical examination in the diagnosis of acute maxillary sinusitis: a systematic review. J Clin Epidemiol 2000, 53:940\u2013948.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"14_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488809097017","volume":"105","author":"O Berg","year":"1988","unstructured":"Berg O, Carenfelt C: Analysis of symptoms and clinical signs in the maxillary sinus empyema. Acta Otolaryngol 1988, 105:343\u2013349.","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"key":"14_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198507000-00021","volume":"95","author":"O Berg","year":"1985","unstructured":"Berg O, Carenfelt C: Etiological diagnosis in sinusitis: ultrasonography as clinical complement. Laryngoscope 1985, 95:851\u2013853.","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"14_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.15.1793","volume":"163","author":"HC Bucher","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bucher HC, Tschudi P, Young J, et al.: Effect of amoxicillinclavulanate in clinically diagnosed acute rhinosinusitis: a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial in general practice. Arch Intern Med 2003, 163:1793\u20131798.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"14_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(02)00590-5","volume":"56","author":"J Young","year":"2003","unstructured":"Young J, Bucher H, Tschudi P, et al.: The clinical diagnosis of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis in general practice and its therapeutic consequences. J Clin Epidemiol 2003, 56:377\u2013384.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"14_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480252814216","volume":"122","author":"JS Lacroix","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lacroix JS, Ricchetti A, Lew D, et al.: Symptoms and clinical and radiological signs predicting the presence of pathogenic bacteria in acute rhinosinusitis. Acta Otolaryngol 2002, 122:192\u2013196.","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"key":"14_CR18","first-page":"811","volume":"215","author":"WH McAlister","year":"2000","unstructured":"McAlister WH, Parker BR, Kushner DC, et al.: Sinusitis in the pediatric population. American College of Radiology. ACR Appropriateness Criteria. Radiology 2000, 215(Suppl):811\u2013818.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"14_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1497.2001.00429.x","volume":"16","author":"EM Balk","year":"2001","unstructured":"Balk EM, Zucker DR, Engels EA, et al.: Strategies for diagnosing and treating suspected acute bacterial sinusitis: a costeffectiveness analysis. J Gen Intern Med 2001, 16:701\u2013711.","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"14_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E57","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.3.e57","volume":"108","author":"JP Ioannidis","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ioannidis JP, Lau J: Technical report: evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of acute uncomplicated sinusitis in children: a systematic overview. Pediatrics 2001, 108:E57. A systematic review of the available evidence for acute sinusitis in children.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"14_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5876(82)90089-1","volume":"4","author":"M Jannert","year":"1982","unstructured":"Jannert M, Andreasson L, Helin I, Pettersson H: Acute sinusitis in children: symptoms, clinical findings and bacteriology related to initial radiologic appearance. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1982, 4:139\u2013148.","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"14_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clinical practice guideline: management of sinusitis. Pediatrics 2001, 108:798\u2013808. Official guidelines from the American Academy of Pediatrics.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.3.798"},{"key":"14_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5876(96)01381-X","volume":"37","author":"SC Manning","year":"1996","unstructured":"Manning SC, Biavati MJ, Phillips DL: Correlation of clinical sinusitis signs and symptoms to imaging findings in pediatric patients. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1996, 37:65\u201374.","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"14_CR24","first-page":"861","volume":"7","author":"CM Glasier","year":"1986","unstructured":"Glasier CM, Ascher DP, Williams KD: Incidental paranasal sinus abnormalities on CT of children: clinical correlation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1986, 7:861\u2013864.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"14_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199911000-00017","volume":"18","author":"WH McAlister","year":"1999","unstructured":"McAlister WH, Kronemer K: Imaging of sinusitis in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1999, 18:1019\u20131020.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"14_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1258\/002221503322683858","volume":"117","author":"WK Lim","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lim WK, Ram B, Fasulakis S, Kane KJ: Incidental magnetic resonance image sinus abnormalities in asymptomatic Australian children. J Laryngol Otol 2003, 117:969\u2013972.","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"14_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e586","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.5.e586","volume":"111","author":"A Kristo","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kristo A, Uhari M, Luotonen J, et al.: Paranasal sinus findings in children during respiratory infection evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging. Pediatrics 2003, 111:e586-e589.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"14_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2273.1992.tb00987.x","volume":"17","author":"FL Van Buchem","year":"1992","unstructured":"Van Buchem FL, Peeters MF, Knottnerus JA: Maxillary sinusitis in children. Clin Otolaryngol 1992, 17:49\u201353.","journal-title":"Clin Otolaryngol"},{"key":"14_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1067\/mhn.2002.124847","volume":"127","author":"MS Benninger","year":"2002","unstructured":"Benninger MS, Appelbaum PC, Denneny JC, et al.: Maxillary sinus puncture and culture in the diagnosis of acute rhinosinusitis: the case for pursuing alternative culture methods. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2002, 127:7\u201312.","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"14_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1007\/s100960100544","volume":"20","author":"L Kaiser","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kaiser L, Morabia A, Stalder H, et al.: Role of nasopharyngeal culture in antibiotic prescription for patients with common cold or acute sinusitis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2001, 20:445\u2013451.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"14_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.4.619","volume":"107","author":"JM Garbutt","year":"2001","unstructured":"Garbutt JM, Goldstein M, Gellman E, et al.: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of antimicrobial treatment for children with clinically diagnosed acute sinusitis. Pediatrics 2001, 107:619\u201325. A randomized trial showing no benefit from the use of antibiotics at regular doses.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"14_CR32","first-page":"317","volume":"51","author":"AI De Sutter","year":"2002","unstructured":"De Sutter AI, De Meyere MJ, Christiaens TC, et al.: Does amoxicillin improve outcomes in patients with purulent rhinorrhea? A pragmatic randomized double-blind controlled trial in family practice. J Fam Pract 2002, 51:317\u2013323.","journal-title":"J Fam Pract"},{"key":"14_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkg321","volume":"52","author":"MR Jacobs","year":"2003","unstructured":"Jacobs MR, Felmingham D, Appelbaum PC, Gruneberg RN: The Alexander Project 1998\u20132000: susceptibility of pathogens isolated from community-acquired respiratory tract infection to commonly used antimicrobial agents. J Antimicrob Chemother 2003, 52:229\u2013246.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"14_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.8.1901","volume":"43","author":"MR Jacobs","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jacobs MR, Bajaksouzian S, Zilles A, et al.: Susceptibilities of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae to 10 oral antimicrobial agents based on pharmacodynamic parameters: 1997 U.S. Surveillance study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999, 43:1901\u20131908.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"14_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.3.1017-1022.2003","volume":"47","author":"M Peric","year":"2003","unstructured":"Peric M, Bozdogan B, Jacobs MR, Appelbaum PC: Effects of an efflux mechanism and ribosomal mutations on macrolide susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae clinical isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003, 47:1017\u20131022.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"1Suppl","key":"14_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2003.12.002","volume":"130","author":"MD Poole","year":"2004","unstructured":"Poole MD: A mathematical therapeutic outcomes model for sinusitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2004, 130(1Suppl):46\u201350.","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"12Suppl","key":"14_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S174","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-200012001-00008","volume":"19","author":"JL Powers","year":"2000","unstructured":"Powers JL, Gooch WM, Oddo LP: Comparison of the palatability of the oral suspension of cefdinir vs. amoxicillin\/clavulanate potassium, cefprozil and azithromycin in pediatric patients. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2000, 19(12Suppl):S174-S180.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"14_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2169","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200363200-00002","volume":"63","author":"D Guay","year":"2003","unstructured":"Guay D: Short-course antimicrobial therapy of respiratory tract infections. Drugs 2003, 63:2169\u20132184.","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"14_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1179\/joc.1997.9.1.38","volume":"9","author":"B Ficnar","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ficnar B, Huzjak N, Oreskovic K, et al.: Azithromycin: 3-day versus 5-day course in the treatment of respiratory tract infections in children. Croatian Azithromycin Study Group. J Chemother 1997, 9:38\u201343.","journal-title":"J Chemother"},{"key":"14_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1754.2000.00526.x","volume":"36","author":"DK Ng","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ng DK, Chow PY, Leung L, et al.: A randomized controlled trial of azithromycin and amoxicillin\/clavulanate in the management of subacute childhood rhinosinusitis. J Paediatr Child Health 2000, 36:378\u2013381.","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"14_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.1.49","volume":"286","author":"SJ Schrag","year":"2001","unstructured":"Schrag SJ, Pena C, Fernandez J, et al.: Effect of short-course, high-dose amoxicillin therapy on resistant pneumococcal carriage: a randomized trial. JAMA 2001, 286:49\u201356.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"14_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)63223-1","volume":"78","author":"IB Barlan","year":"1997","unstructured":"Barlan IB, Erkan E, Bakir M, et al.: Intranasal budesonide spray as an adjunct to oral antibiotic therapy for acute sinusitis in children. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1997, 78:598\u2013601.","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"14_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1177\/000992289603500905","volume":"35","author":"DP McCormick","year":"1996","unstructured":"McCormick DP, John SD, Swischuk LE, Uchida T: A doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial of decongestant-antihistamine for the treatment of sinusitis in children. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 1996, 35:457\u2013460.","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr (Phila)"},{"key":"14_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1007\/s004050050234","volume":"257","author":"G Yilmaz","year":"2000","unstructured":"Yilmaz G, Varan B, Yilmaz T, Gurakan B: Intranasal budesonide spray as an adjunct to oral antibiotic therapy for acute sinusitis in children. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2000, 257:256\u2013259.","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"14_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.109.1.165","volume":"109","author":"A Karadag","year":"2002","unstructured":"Karadag A: Nasal saline for acute sinusitis. Pediatrics 2002, 109:165.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"14_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)61954-0","volume":"89","author":"AS Nayak","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nayak AS, Settipane GA, Pedinoff A, et al.: Effective dose range of mometasone furoate nasal spray in the treatment of acute rhinosinusitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2002, 89:271\u2013278.","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"14_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2000.109056","volume":"106","author":"EO Meltzer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Meltzer EO, Charous BL, Busse WW, et al.: Added relief in the treatment of acute recurrent sinusitis with adjunctive mometasone furoate nasal spray. The Nasonex Sinusitis Group. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000, 106:630\u2013637.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"14_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3097","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.24.3097","volume":"286","author":"RJ Dolor","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dolor RJ, Witsell DL, Hellkamp AS, et al.: Comparison of cefuroxime with or without intranasal fluticasone for the treatment of rhinosinusitis. The CAFFS Trial: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2001, 286:3097\u20133105.","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["Current Allergy and Asthma Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11882-004-0014-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11882-004-0014-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11882-004-0014-4","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11882-004-0014-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,14]],"date-time":"2024-02-14T19:02:10Z","timestamp":1707937330000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11882-004-0014-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]}},"alternative-id":["14"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11882-004-0014-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1529-7322","1534-6315"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1529-7322","type":"print"},{"value":"1534-6315","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]}}}