{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T08:00:26Z","timestamp":1778745626104,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]],"date-time":"2020-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592265600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]],"date-time":"2020-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Justus-Liebig-Universit\u00e4t Gie\u00dfen"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Allergy Asthma Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Purpose of Review<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In Hymenoptera venom allergy, the research focus has moved from whole venoms to individual allergenic molecules. Api m 10 (icarapin) has been described as a major allergen of honeybee venom (HBV) with potentially high relevance for diagnostics and therapy of venom allergy. Here, we review recent studies on Api m 10 characteristics as well as its role in component-resolved diagnostics and potential implications for venom-specific immunotherapy (VIT).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Recent Findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Api m 10 is a major allergen of low abundance in HBV. It is an obviously unstable protein of unknown function that exhibits homologs in other insect species. Despite its low abundance in HBV, 35 to 72% of HBV-allergic patients show relevant sensitization to this allergen. Api m 10 is a marker allergen for HBV sensitization, which in many cases can help to identify primary sensitization to HBV and, hence, to discriminate between genuine sensitization and cross-reactivity. Moreover, Api m 10 might support personalized risk stratification in VIT, as dominant sensitization to Api m 10 has been identified as risk factor for treatment failure. This might be of particular importance since Api m 10 is strongly underrepresented in some therapeutic preparations commonly used for VIT.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Although the role of Api m 10 in HBV allergy and tolerance induction during VIT is not fully understood, it certainly is a useful tool to unravel primary sensitization and individual sensitization profiles in component-resolved diagnostics (CRD). Moreover, a potential of Api m 10 to contribute to personalized treatment strategies in HBV allergy is emerging.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-020-00943-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]],"date-time":"2020-06-16T10:04:27Z","timestamp":1592301867000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The Honeybee Venom Major Allergen Api m 10 (Icarapin) and Its Role in Diagnostics and Treatment of Hymenoptera Venom Allergy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3124-9998","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thilo","family":"Jakob","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8022-7421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mich\u00e8le Myriam","family":"Rauber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1294-0142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amilcar","family":"Perez-Riverol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0999-5254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edzard","family":"Spillner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5649-1078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Blank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"943_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13262","volume":"73","author":"GJ Sturm","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sturm GJ, Varga EM, Roberts G, Mosbech H, Bilo MB, Akdis CA, et al. 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A recent study on the limited ability of CRD to identify the clinically relevant venom in patients double-sensitized to venom extracts due to the lack of cross-reactive allergen pairs and the presence of double-sensitization also with recombinant venom components.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"S105","key":"943_CR37","first-page":"341","volume":"73","author":"KE Paulus","year":"2018","unstructured":"Paulus KE, Spiric J, Junker A, Schwaben L, Lidholm J, Vieths S, et al. Api m 10 can be detected qualitatively by mass spectrometry in all products for allergen immunotherapy for honeybee venom allergy. Allergy. 2018;73(S105):341.","journal-title":"Allergy."},{"issue":"S105","key":"943_CR38","first-page":"342","volume":"73","author":"J Spiric","year":"2018","unstructured":"Spiric J, Paulus KE, Schwaben L, Vieths S, Junker A, Mahler V, et al. Complete compositional analysis of honeybee venom therapeutic products by mass spectrometry. 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SB reports nonfinancial support from ALK-Abell\u00f3, grants, personal fees and nonfinancial support from Bencard Allergie GmbH, personal fees from Teomed AG, grants from Leti Pharma, grants and personal fees from Thermo Fisher Scientific, grants from Allergy Therapeutics, outside the submitted work. In addition, TJ, ES and MMR have a patent EP19199738 pending. APR has nothing to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of Interest\/Competing Interests"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code Availability"}}],"article-number":"48"}}